间接分光光度法测定药物中的维生素E

在表面活性剂CTMAB存在下,维生素E能够定量将Fe(Ⅲ)还原为Fe(Ⅱ)离子,利用显色剂5-硝基-1,10菲咯啉建立了间接分光光度法测定维生素E的方法,在pH 4.6的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,Fe(Ⅱ)-5-硝基-1,10-菲咯啉络合物的最大吸收峰位于502nm处,维生素E的含量在0.3—2.0 mg·L-1范围内符合比耳定律,表观摩尔吸光系数ε502=2.43×104L·mol-1·cm-1。本法用于维生素E片剂、胶丸及注射液中维生素E含量的测定,与药典法对照,2种方法所得结果一致。     

分子吸收光谱在生物大分子研究中的应用

综述了近年来分子吸收光谱法在生物大分子结构研究中的应用,重点介绍了利用分子吸收光谱法研究蛋白质、核酸结构及其与小分子的相互作用。分子吸收光谱法因其简便、快速的特点而广泛应用于生物大分子结构的测定。紫外光谱法常用于从分子水平上研究小分子如抗癌药物与核酸作用的机理,并应用于小分子作为光谱探针测定蛋白质、核酸构象的变化。傅里叶变换红外光谱法主要应用于蛋白质二级结构的测定,运用傅里叶自卷积将重叠的酰胺带进行处理,获取蛋白质二级结构的含量信息,从而使傅里叶变换红外光谱法成为揭示蛋白质构象变化的重要工具。     

脱氧核糖核酸与3-氨基-6-二甲氨基-2-甲基吩嗪盐酸盐反应机理的研究

采用UV光谱法 ,发现在pH 7～ 8的缓冲溶液中 ,脱氧核糖核酸 (DNA)与 3 氨基 6 二甲氨基 2 甲基吩嗪盐酸盐 (ZR)相互作用 ,生成红色配合物 ,此配合物的最大吸收峰为 5 2 0nm。反应前后的吸收光谱变化明显 ,配合物的吸收峰值红移 70nm。测得该配合物的表观摩尔吸光系数ε =1 5× 10 6mol-1·L·cm-1;最大结合数n =30 3。研究了体系的酸度、温度、时间等基本反应条件。离子强度的改变对体系的吸光度有明显的影响。实验研究了生物大分子与小分子探针的结合模式 ,认为该反应基本符合Scatchard模型。     

茜素分光光度法测定磷霉素钠

在乙醇体系中,磷霉素钠与茜素发生反应,生成稳定的1∶1的络合物,溶液颜色发生明显改变,其最大吸收波长为545nm,磷霉素钠的浓度在1.4—60mg·L-1范围内遵守比耳定律,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=3.47×103L·mol-1.cm-1,基于以上反应,本方法测定药物制剂含量与文献方法一致,回收率在99.6%—100.5%之间,结果满意。     

Spectrophotometric Determination of Ternary Mixtures by the Derivative Ratio Spectrum-Zero Crossing Method

Abstract

A new spectrophotometric method is introduced for the assay of ternary mixtures with overlapping spectra. The method is based on the use of the first derivative of the ratio spectra and measurements of zero-crossing wavelengths. The ratio spectra were obtained by dividing the absorption spectrum of the mixture by that of one of the components. The concentration of the other components are then determined from their respective calibration graphs treated similarly. The method has been applied for the resolution of two ternary mixtures, namely, dipyridamole, aspirin and salicylic acid (I) and dipyridamole, oxazepam and 2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone (II). Salicylic acid and benzo-phenone derivative are the degradation products of aspirin and oxazepam, respectively. The proposed method was applied for the assay of these combinations in synthetic mixtures and in commercial dosage forms. The results obtained were precise and accurate.     

计算光谱配位滴定法同时测定钙和镁

建立了一种将光谱配位滴定分析法与化学计量学相结合同时测定混合金属离子的新方法。在这种方法中,滴定剂是由EDTA和两种指示剂组成的混合溶液。滴定过程中滴定剂的加入体积和滴定反应进程可由吸收光谱通过计算同时获得,并进一步得到滴定曲线。应用滴定曲线可建立相应的矩阵方程,从而可应用主成分回归法计算金属混合物中各组分的浓度。该方法只需要光谱信息就可得到分析结果,免去了对体积的计量,因此方法简便,准确。应用该方法以孔雀绿和Cu-PAN为指示剂对钙和镁的混合溶液进行了同时测定,结果满意。     

液相色谱水-异丙醇体系测定脂溶性维生素A,D,E

利用反相高效液相色谱研究了混合药片中的脂溶性维生素A，D，E的同时测定。有不同比例的水：异丙醇体系分析这三种维生素，确定25：75（ф）的水：异丙醇体系为最佳流动相。测定了不同萃取条件下的脂溶性维生素的回收率，回收率均94%以上。使用9维他片作为样品。本方法简单，可靠，结果令人满意。     

Complex concentration dependence of SERS and UV–Vis absorption of glycine/Ag‐substrates because of glycine‐mediated Ag‐nanostructure modifications

Complex concentration‐dependence of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and UV–Vis absorption of Ag‐nanoparticles (AgNPs) mixed with Gly has been observed. Surprisingly, with decreasing Gly concentration, a new band in UV–Vis absorption of AgNPs/Gly mixtures is found to red‐shift with increasing intensity, until a turning point at a critical concentration. Further diluting Gly, the new band blue‐shifts with decreasing intensity. Similarly, the SERS intensities of Gly bands at 615 and 905 cm^–1 consistently increase with decreasing Gly concentrations, reaching maxima at the critical concentration. This agrees consistently with the variation in position and intensity of the new developing plasmon absorption band. Interestingly, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed Gly‐induced modifications of AgNPs, including a reassembling and increasing aspect ratio with deceasing Gly concentration. The concentration‐dependent behavior of UV–Vis absorption, SERS, and TEM of AgNPs/Gly mixtures could be due to the complex nature of Gly‐AgNPs interaction depending on the molecular density, as supported by TEM images. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

茜素蓝S与氯霉素的显色反应及应用

研究了茜素蓝S与氯霉素的显色反应,建立了测定氯霉素的可见分光光度法。在酸性Britton-Robinson缓冲介质中,茜素蓝S与氯霉素反应生成的络合物导致吸光强度(ΔA)显著增大。最大正吸收波长位于638nm,表观摩尔吸光系数(ε)为1.32×104L·mol-1·cm-1;最大负吸收波长为566nm,表观摩尔吸光系数(ε)为8.00×103L·mol-1·cm-1;氯霉素的浓度在0—2.0×10-5mol.L-1范围内遵从比耳定律。探讨了适宜的反应条件、主要分析化学性质及方法的精密度和可靠性。方法用于市售氯霉素药物中氯霉素的测定,结果满意。     

Thermal and Spectrophotometric Analysis of Liquid Crystal 8CB/8OCB Mixtures

The binary system of 4-octyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (8CB) and 4-octyloxy-4′-cyanobiphenyl (8OCB) has been studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry (UV). The phase-transition temperatures, enthalpies, and entropies have been determined by using calorimetric methods on DSC. The results indicate clearly the existence of three-phase regions across the crystalline-to-smectic A, smectic A-to-nematic, and nematic-to-isotropic transitions in the 8CB/8OCB mixtures. The obtained phase-transition temperatures of the 8CB/8OCB mixtures are between the data for 8CB and 8OCB. A few of the phase transitions cannot be observed at high heating rates. The phase-transition temperatures of the 8CB/8OCB mixtures rise with the heating rate between 2°C/min and 15°C/min. The activation energies were calculated by the Ozawa method for the phase transitions of 25% 8CB and 75% 8OCB liquid crystal mixtures. UV experiments were carried out to characterize the absorptivity constants of liquid crystal and their mixtures. The molar absorptivity and maximum absorption wavelengths were measured in chloroform solution by UV spectrophotometry. The maximum absorption wavelength of the 8CB/8OCB mixtures increases with decreasing percent weight of 8CB in 8OCB, a result associated with the different lengths of the alkyl chain.     

Effects of different levels of vitamin C on UV radiation-induced DNA damage

The Raman spectra of DNA in different levels of vitamin C with 10- and 30-min ultraviolet (UV) radiations were reported. The intensity of UV radiation was 18.68 W/m2. The experimental results proved that vitamin C could alone prevent UV radiation from damaging DNA, but the effects depended on the concentration of vitamin C. When the concentration of vitamin C was about 0.08-0.4 mmol/L, vitamin C decreased UV radiation-induced DNA's damage. When the concentration of vitamin C exceeded 0.4 mmol/L, vitamin C accelerated DNA's damage instead. Maybe the reason is that when DNA in aqueous solution is radiated by UV, free radicals come into being, and vitamin C can scavenge free radicals, so vitamin C in lower concentration can protect DNA. The quantity of free radicals is finite, when vitamin C is superfluous, free radicals have been scavenged absolutely and vitamin C is residual. Vitamin C is a strong reductant. When the mixture of DNA and residual vitamin C is radiated by UV, vitamin C reacts with DNA. The more residual vitamin C and the longer time of UV radiation, the more DNA is damaged.     

催化动力学光度法测定痕量钴(Ⅱ)

本法基于钴 (Ⅱ )对高碘酸钾氧化孔雀绿的催化作用 ,提出一种灵敏地测定痕量钴 (Ⅱ )的新方法。该方法线性范围在 0～ 0 8μg·2 5mL- 1 ,检测限为 2 1× 10 - 1 0 g·mL- 1 。测定出反应表现活化能Ea=37 94kJ·mol- 1 。此法用于茶叶、维生素B1 2 中钴的测定 ,结果满意     

Fluorescent aggregates in naphthalene containing poly(urethane-urea)s

A series of segmented poly(urethane-urea)s containing naphthalene in the hard block and hexamethylene spacers in the soft block was prepared. The hard to soft segment ratio was varied systematically, to afford a series of polymers with various chromophore concentrations and a constant length of the chromophoric block, using a three-step synthetic procedure.The absorption, fluorescence and fluorescence-excitation spectra of solutions and films of the block copolymers provide strong evidence for aggregation. A red-shifted fluorescence spectrum peaking at gains in intensity as the naphthalene concentration is increased. The excitation spectrum of this new emission is well to the red of the normal naphthalene absorption spectrum, consistent with the UV spectrum. Formation of a fluorescent ground state dimer (or higher aggregate) is proposed to account for these observations.     

高压消解-紫外分光光度法测定红花中的重金属

采用高压消解-紫外分光光度法,建立了测定淮红花中的重金属含量的方法。结果表明:此法铅含量在0—40μg范围内,与吸光度线性关系良好,r=0.9989。淮红花中重金属含量为18.71μg/g,符合国家标准,平均加标回收率为97.82%,RSD=2.93%(n=5)。高压消解法的使用,进一步提高了测定方法的准确性和便捷性,此法可用于中药中重金属含量的检测。     

TiO_2纳米粒子的Ram an光谱表征和紫外可见光吸收特性

用 Sol- Gel方法制备粒径约 1 0 - 50 nm的 Ti O2 微粒。Raman光谱测量显示 ,水解时 p H值不同 ,在同样热处理温度下得到的 Ti O2 微粒的晶体结构不尽相同。在低于 673K热处理温度下得到的 Ti O2 微粒是板钛矿和锐钛矿的混合晶体。用谱峰拟合技术可以将样品 A1的1 57cm-1 Raman谱峰分解成分属于板钛矿和锐钛矿的两个振动峰。 UV- Vis测量表明 ,锐钛矿型 Ti O2 微粒的紫外光吸收性能最好。而粒度约 2 0 μm的市售锐钛矿型 Ti O2 的紫外光吸收性能甚至比板钛矿型和金红石型 Ti O2 纳米粒子的还略低些 ,表明小尺寸效应和表面缺陷对紫外光吸收亦有贡献     

Validated spectrophotometric method for the determination,spectroscopic characterization and thermal structural analysis of duloxetine with 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate

A novel, selective, sensitive and simple spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the determination of the antidepressant duloxetine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparation. The method was based on the reaction of duloxetine hydrochloride with 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate (NQS) in alkaline media to yield orange colored product. The formation of this complex was also confirmed by UV-visible, FTIR, ¹H NMR, Mass spectra techniques and thermal analysis. This method was validated for various parameters according to ICH guidelines. Beer’s law is obeyed in a range of 5.0–60 μg/mL at the maximum absorption wavelength of 480 nm. The detection limit is 0.99 μg/mL and the recovery rate is in a range of 98.10–99.57%. The proposed methods was validated and applied to the determination of duloxetine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparation. The results were statistically analyzed and compared to those of a reference UV spectrophotometric method.     

多次反射池FTIR光谱法的臭氧浓度反演及其相关性分析

同温层臭氧对人类起保护作用,地面臭氧对人类健康是有害的,能够对它进行多途径多方法监测对于了解臭氧分布和变换规律以及控制污染排放有积极作用.文章利用多次反射式怀特池傅里叶变换红外光谱仪测得傅里叶变换红外光谱,使用非线性最小二乘算法对它们进行反演,准确得到了臭氧浓度.将测得的臭氧浓度结果与开放光路紫外差分光谱仪以及热电公的...     

Protein release from yeast cells as an evaluation method of physical effects in ultrasonic field

The release rate of intercellular protein from yeast cells by the ultrasonic action is proposed as a method for evaluating the physical (mechanical) effects of the ultrasonic field. The protein concentration was quantitatively determined using UV absorbance of proteins by spectrophotometry. The detail of the procedures, such as the effects of the origin of yeast cells, pretreatment of the cells, and the wavelengths for spectrophotometric determination of protein content, are examined. The effectiveness of the proposed evaluation method was experimentally demonstrated by changing the irradiation conditions of ultrasound, such as the concentration of yeast cells, temperature, ultrasound power, types of sonicator, and the superposition with the mechanical mixing. The results validate the usefulness of the proposed evaluation method for the quantification of the physical effects of ultrasound fields. Also, the range of cavitational effects of ultrasound sensed by the evaluation procedures were discussed.     

新试剂N—己基—N‘—（氨基对苯磺酸钠）硫脲（HXPT）的合成及其 …

A new reagent N-Hexyl-N'-(sodium aminobenzenesulfonate) thiourea (HXPT) was synthesized. Its structure was also characterized. A new spectrophotometric method of determining Pd2+ was developed based on the new reagent. In the range of pH 5.4-5.8 Pd2+ forms a stable yellow complex with HXPT in the presence of CTMAB,and its apparent molar absorptivity is 2. 21 x 10(5) L x mol(-1) x cm(-1) at the maximum absorption wavelength 296.8 nm. Beer's law is obeyed in the range of 1-7 microg x 25 mL(-1) for Pd2+. This method has been used for the determination of trace Pd2+ in ores and catalyst with satisfactory results.     

Structural control of photoluminescence of four poly(urethane-urea-co-1,3,5-triazine)s: Synthesis and characterization

A series of segmented poly(urethane-urea)s containing 1,3,5 triazine in the hard block and hexamethylene spacers in the soft block was prepared. The hard to soft segment ratio was varied systematically, to afford a series of polymers in which the chromophore concentration varied from 4.2% to 18.1%. Although triazine emission is located in the UV region, the films with higher content of the chromophore emitted a visible blue light (425 nm) when excited at the very red-edge of the absorption band. The photophysical properties of the materials were strongly dependent on the relative amount of triazine moieties along the main chain. Isolated moieties emit in copolymers with small amount of triazine groups, indicating that even though in solid state, these moieties tend to be apart. Two photophysical consequences were observed when the amount of triazine increases: there is some energy transfer process involving isolated moieties with consequent decrease of the lifetime and an additional red-edge emission attributed to aggregated lumophores. The mono-exponential decay observed for the isolated form is substituted by a bi-exponential decay of the aggregated species. The materials were not strong emitters, but since the N-containing triazine moieties are good electron transport groups, the polymers have potential application as electron transport enhancers in various applications.