EAST外杜瓦泄放保护装置中爆破片的分析研究

在外杜瓦系统上设置了爆破片装置,借助大型有限元分析程序ANSYS,对爆破片和托架进行了分析,所得结果与实验结果良好吻合,为同类装置的过压泄放提供了有益的参考。     

中国聚变工程实验堆真空室超压保护系统中爆破片的选型与计算

参照相关标准，对聚变装置真空室超压保护系统(VVPSS)中爆破片进行了选型。结合VVPSS的工作要求，完成了爆破片的设计计算，初步得到爆破片直径为882mm，厚度为1mm。利用有限元分析软件对多种型号爆破片进行结构分析比较，最终选用了反拱环向开缝型爆破片。对最终选定的爆破片进行优化设计，使其达到设计要求。     

正拱爆破片的塑性大变形及爆破压力分析

爆破片作为安全泄压装置，其关键指标是要求膜片在预定的压力下爆破。正拱爆破片因为结构简单，安装方便，在工程中有广泛的应用。由于影响爆破片爆破压力的因素很多，爆破片的受载变形牵涉到几何非线性、材料非线性等问题，比较复杂，目前的爆破片设计中，仍然主要采用实验数据归纳的方法来得到经验公式以指导设计。本文采用理论推导方法得到正拱爆破片爆破压力的预测公式，有较高精度，可用于指导设计。     

利用导电橡胶改进薄膜霍尔效应实验装置

介绍了利用导电橡胶对薄膜霍尔效应装置的改进方案及对新装置的性能测试结果.初步证实了将导电橡胶应用于薄膜霍尔效应测量装置时,具有电流线平行、不损伤薄膜、装片方便、接触电阻低、接触稳定等优点.     

爆轰驱动的飞片熵增

在高能炸药与飞片直接接触的能量转换装置中,炸药爆轰推动飞片,飞片获得动能的同时,其熵值亦增加。本文数值模拟计算了平面一维系统。计算结果给出,适当选取空腔长度和飞片厚度,可实现飞片熵增明显下降的同时,飞片获得的动能不仅不减少还有一定的增加。     

神光Ⅲ原型装置激光驱动高速飞片实验研究进展

激光驱动飞片技术具有产生的飞片速度高、成本低、装置简单等传统动高压加载技术无法取代的优点.随着激光技术的发展,利用高功率激光脉冲发射高速飞片受到越来越多的关注.本文介绍了在神光Ⅲ原型装置上开展的激光驱动高速飞片实验研究.利用纳秒短脉冲和纳秒整形长脉冲,设计并开展了几种不同方式加速飞片的实验研究,成功获得了10 km·s~(-1)的固态铝飞片和50 km·s~(-1)超高速度的复合金属飞片,而且飞片具有良好的平面性和完整性.对实验的物理设计、技术途径和数据结果进行了比较全面的分析,为进一步开展激光驱动高速飞片相关实验研究提供了思路,同时也证明了神光Ⅲ原型装置在激光驱动高速飞片实验研究方面有着巨大的潜力.     

FAIR收集环二极超导磁体外杜瓦泄放系统的概念设计

对FAIR(Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research)收集环-CR(Collector Ring)二极超导磁体外杜瓦的超压泄放系统进行了概念设计,给出了爆破片式的泄放系统结构,并基于ANSYS的结构分析初步确定了爆破片的结构参数;以及通过ANSYS对波纹管和外杜瓦进行了结构分析,分析结果表明波纹管和外杜瓦在超压状态下安全。文中的设计和分析研究,为外杜瓦的工程设计提供了有益的参考。     

磁驱动飞片二维磁流体力学数值模拟

针对磁驱动高速飞片发射技术,建立了磁驱动飞片的二维磁流体力学数学模型,并考虑了焦耳热对飞片的影响。在四边形网格的基础上,采用算子分裂法,把磁流体力学方程依次分成热扩散、磁扩散、理想流体力学三个物理过程进行求解,研制了磁驱动飞片二维磁流体力学数值模拟程序。对美国Sandia国家实验室Z装置上的一个磁驱动飞片发射实验进行了数值模拟,并分析了不同时刻焦耳加热对飞片的烧蚀情况,计算得到的飞片自由面速度曲线与实验激光速度干涉仪测量的结果相吻合。     

二维磁驱动数值模拟程序MDSC2的验证与确认

为了对磁驱动实验提供高置信度的数值模拟,需要开展磁流体力学程序的验证与确认。采用人为解比较法、网格收敛性研究和与成熟程序比较等方法,对二维磁驱动数值模拟程序MDSC2进行了程序验证。数值模拟表明:MDSC2程序正确地表示了磁流体力学模型,其中热扩散、磁扩散的离散格式具有二阶收敛精度。采用与磁驱动实验相比较的方法,进行了MDSC2程序的确认。对聚龙一号装置上的PTS-061发次磁驱动单侧飞片发射和PTS-122发次磁驱动双侧飞片发射实验进行了模拟,模拟的飞片自由面速度与实验测量的飞片自由面速度相一致;对FP-1装置上的固体套筒实验进行了模拟,模拟的套筒内外半径与实验测量结果相一致。MDSC2程序能正确模拟磁驱动单侧飞片发射、磁驱动双侧飞片发射和磁驱动固体套筒等磁驱动实验。     

宽频响应压电俘能装置设计

设计了一种能够将地表自然风转变为电能的压电俘能装置.该装置利用压电陶瓷发电片的压电效应,将振动机械能转变为电能,通过在装置里布置矩形、梯形、三角形等多种渐变形状的发电片,实现了对自然风激励的宽频响应.该装置发电效率高,结构紧凑,易于安装携带,在微电子技术、微机电系统等领域具有广阔的应用前景,该装置的设计研究可以培养学生开展创新实验、进行科学研究的科学素养.     

Chaotic phase synchronization in a modular neuronal network of small-world subnetworks

We investigate the onset of chaotic phase synchronization of bursting oscillators in a modular neuronal network of small-world subnetworks. A transition to mutual phase synchronization takes place on the bursting time scale of coupled oscillators, while on the spiking time scale, they behave asynchronously. It is shown that this bursting synchronization transition can be induced not only by the variations of inter- and intra-coupling strengths but also by changing the probability of random links between different subnetworks. We also analyze the effect of external chaotic phase synchronization of bursting behavior in this clustered network by an external time-periodic signal applied to a single neuron. Simulation results demonstrate a frequency locking tongue in the driving parameter plane, where bursting synchronization is maintained, even with the external driving. The width of this synchronization region increases with the signal amplitude and the number of driven neurons but decreases rapidly with the network size. Considering that the synchronization of bursting neurons is thought to play a key role in some pathological conditions, the presented results could have important implications for the role of externally applied driving signal in controlling bursting activity in neuronal ensembles.     

慢变控制下Chen系统的复杂行为及其机理

由于Chen系统的控制分析大都是基于同一时间尺度,而两时间尺度耦合问题的相关研究基本上局限于单维慢变量情形.本文探讨了基于慢时间尺度上的Duffing振子,即含有两维慢子系统控制下Chen系统的动力学演化过程.给出了诸如对称式fold/fold、对称式fold/Hopf、对称式homoclinic/homoclinic等不同形式的簇发振荡行为,并揭示了其相应的产生机制,指出慢子系统中两维慢变量的相互影响导致系统产生了类似于周期激励下的簇发行为.     

Acoustic characteristics of bubble bursting at the surface of a high-viscosity liquid

An acoustic pressure model of bubble bursting is proposed.An experiment studying the acoustic characteristics of the bursting bubble at the surface of a high-viscosity liquid is reported.It is found that the sudden bursting of a bubble at the high-viscosity liquid surface generates N-shape wave at first,then it transforms into a jet wave.The fundamental frequency of the acoustic signal caused by the bursting bubble decreases linearly as the bubble size increases.The results of the investigation can be used to understand the acoustic characteristics of bubble bursting.     

Burst synchronization of electrically and chemically coupled map-based neurons

Burst synchronization and burst dynamics of a system consisting of two map-based neurons coupled through electrical or chemical synapses are discussed. Some basic characteristic quantities are introduced to describe burst synchronization and burst dynamics of neurons. It is observed that excitatory coupling leads to in-phase burst synchronization but inhibitory coupling results in anti-phase one. By using the basic characteristics of burst dynamics, the effects of the intrinsic bursting properties and the coupling schemes on complex bursting behaviors are also presented for both inhibitory and excitatory couplings. The results are instructive to identify bursting behaviors through experimental data.     

Effect of high-or low-speed fluctuations on the small-scale bursting events in an active control experiment

Active control of a fully developed turbulence boundary layer(TBL) over a flat plate has been investigated with a statistical view. The piezoelectric(PZT) oscillator is employed to produce periodic input into the inner region of the TBL.A wall probe is fixed upstream of the oscillator to identify the high-or low-speed fluctuations as the detecting signals.Then, the impact of the detecting signals on the small-scale bursting process is investigated based on the data acquired by the traversing probe downstream of the oscillator. The results indicate that the small-scale bursting intensity is restrained more apparently at high-speed detecting fluctuations but less impacted at low-speed detecting fluctuations. Furthermore, the perturbed-scale fluctuations arrange the small-scale bursting process in the near-wall region. The detecting signals have an obvious impact on this arrangement, especially the high-intensity regions of the small-scale bursting events: the vibration enhances the intensity at high-speed detecting signals but weakens it at low-speed detecting signals in these regions, which gives a direct evidence on how detecting signals interfering the small-scale bursting process.     

Parameter-dependent synchronization transition of coupled neurons with co-existing spiking and bursting

A firing pattern transition is simulated in the Leech neuron model, firstly from bursting to co-existence of spiking and bursting and then to spiking. The attraction domain of spiking and bursting for three different parameter values are calculated. Synchronization transition processes of two coupled Leech neurons, one is bursting and the other the co-existing spiking, are simulated for the three parameters. The three synchronization processes appear similar as the coupling strength increases, beginning from non-synchronization to complete synchronization through a complex dynamical procedure, but their detailed processes are different depending on the parameter values. The transition procedure is complex and the complete synchronization is in bursting for larger parameter values, while the process is simple with complete synchronization of spiking for smaller values. The potential relationship between complete synchronization and the attraction domain is also discussed. The results are instructive to understanding the synchronization behaviors of the coupled neuronal system with co-existing attractors.     

“Hopf/homoclinic”簇放电和“SubHopf/homoclinic"簇放电之间的同步

以修正过的Morris-Lecar神经元模型为例,讨论了“Hopf/homoclinic”簇放电和“SubHopf/homoclinic"簇放电之间的同步行为.首先,分别考察了同一拓扑类型的两个耦合簇放电神经元的同步行为,发现“Hopf/homoclinic”簇放电比“SubHopf/homoclinic”簇放电达到膜电位完全同步所需要的耦合强度小,即前者比后者更容易达到膜电位完全同步.其次,对这两个不同拓扑类型的簇放电神经元的耦合同步行为进行了讨论.通过数值分析发现随着耦合强度的增加,两种不同类型的簇放电首先达到簇放电同步,然后当耦合强度足够大时甚至可以达到膜电位完全同步,并且同步后的放电类型更接近容易同步的簇放电类型,即“Hopf/homoclinic”簇放电.然而令人奇怪的是此时慢变量并没有达到完全同步,而是相位同步;慢变量之间呈现为一种线性关系.这一点和现有文献的结果截然不同.     

Complex transitions between spike,burst or chaos synchronization states in coupled neurons with coexisting bursting patterns

We investigated the synchronization dynamics of a coupled neuronal system composed of two identical Chay model neurons. The Chay model showed coexisting period-1 and period-2 bursting patterns as a parameter and initial values are varied. We simulated multiple periodic and chaotic bursting patterns with non-(NS), burst phase(BS), spike phase(SS),complete(CS), and lag synchronization states. When the coexisting behavior is near period-2 bursting, the transitions of synchronization states of the coupled system follows very complex transitions that begins with transitions between BS and SS, moves to transitions between CS and SS, and to CS. Most initial values lead to the CS state of period-2 bursting while only a few lead to the CS state of period-1 bursting. When the coexisting behavior is near period-1 bursting, the transitions begin with NS, move to transitions between SS and BS, to transitions between SS and CS, and then to CS. Most initial values lead to the CS state of period-1 bursting but a few lead to the CS state of period-2 bursting. The BS was identified as chaos synchronization. The patterns for NS and transitions between BS and SS are insensitive to initial values. The patterns for transitions between CS and SS and the CS state are sensitive to them. The number of spikes per burst of non-CS bursting increases with increasing coupling strength. These results not only reveal the initial value- and parameterdependent synchronization transitions of coupled systems with coexisting behaviors, but also facilitate interpretation of various bursting patterns and synchronization transitions generated in the nervous system with weak coupling strength.