磁性聚苯胺纳米微球的合成与表征

报道了具有核壳结构的Fe3 O4 聚苯胺磁性纳米微球的合成方法和表征结果 .微球同时具有导电性和磁性能 .在优化的实验条件下 ,可得到饱和磁化强度Ms 为 5 5 .4emu/g ,矫顽力Hc 为 6 2Oe的磁性微球 .微球的导电性随着微球中Fe含量的增加而下降 .微球的磁性能则随着Fe含量的增加而增大 .Fe3 O4 磁流体的粒径和磁性聚苯胺微球的粒径均在纳米量级 .纳米Fe3 O4 粒子能够提高复合物的热性能 .实验表明 ,磁流体和聚苯胺之间可能存在着一定的相互作用 ,但这种相互作用较为复杂 ,难于研究 .     

基于芘功能化核壳型磁性二氧化硅纳米微球的荧光传感器及其对水溶液中汞离子的检测和去除

通过溶剂热、溶胶-凝胶和共嫁接技术开发制备了一种基于芘功能化的核壳型磁性二氧化硅纳米微球的可回收汞离子光学传感器。相对于其他竞争金属离子,获得的多功能纳米微球对Hg²⁺具有良好的荧光传感性能和选择性。多功能微球的荧光强度与Hg²⁺浓度之间显示出良好的Stern-Volmer线性关系（R²=0.998 3）,其检测限为2.3×10^-8 mol·L^-1。该材料对汞离子的荧光响应具有可逆性,利用EDTA溶液处理可实现多次重复使用。此外,芘功能化的磁性二氧化硅纳米微球可以有效地除去水溶液中的Hg²⁺,并且通过施加外部磁场可实现简单快速的分离。上述结果表明,这种功能化核壳型磁性二氧化硅微球在同时检测和去除环境污染物方面具有良好的发展前景与应用潜力。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt-Carbon Core-Shell Microspheres in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide System

研究了钴碳核壳微球在超临界二氧化碳体系中的合成过程. 在密闭的不锈钢高压反应釜中,适量的二茂钴和干冰在350 oC下,反应12 h后合成直径大约1 μm的钴碳核壳微球。通过X射线衍射、X射线光电子谱、透射电子显微镜、傅利叶红外光谱(FT-IR)以及拉曼光谱的分析,钴碳核壳微球是由直径小于1 μm的非晶钴核和厚度约为200 nm的非晶碳壳组成. 其生长机理可能是：二茂钴在超临界二氧化碳体系中的热分解,带单电子的碳原子或基团由于磁性作用沉积在磁性的钴核上. 由于非晶碳壳的存在,钴碳核壳微球的磁饱和强度141.     

Ag@Fe_3O_4@C-CdTe@SiO_2磁性荧光复合微球的制备与光学特征（英文）

先采用一步溶剂热法和水热法制备了碳包覆的Ag@Fe_3O_4核壳型磁性纳米粒子,然后通过表面氨基化改性后与巯基乙酸修饰的CdTe量子点反应,将量子点键合到磁性微球上,最后在其表面包覆上一层二氧化硅壳层,制备出具有荧光增强的Ag@Fe_3O_4@C-CdTe@SiO2磁性荧光复合材料。实验结果表明,该纳米粒子的平均粒径大约为150nm,磁饱和强度为224A/g(22.4emu/g),在室温下具有较好的磁性能。其中Ag@Fe_3O_4@C-CdTe磁性荧光纳米粒子的荧光强度大于Fe_3O_4@C-CdTe,其主要原因是内核为45nm的Ag纳米粒子具有表面等离子体共振作用,能够使其表面或附近的量子点荧光得到增强。     

Tb(Asprin)_3Phen/SiO_2壳/核型纳米材料的合成和光学性质

利用W/O微乳液方法合成了直径为40 nm的具有类壳/核结构的Tb(Asprin)3Phen/SiO2纳米球.透射电子显微镜(TEM)证实了该纳米球具有尺寸均一,分散性好的特点.另外,通过TEOS与APS在微乳液中同时水解,在材料的表面引入了大量的氨基,为材料的生物应用提供了有利的条件.红外光谱(FT-IR)和光致发光光谱分析也显示了这种材料在生物领域中有着潜在的应用前景.     

Zno纳米粒子在PS中空微反应器中的合成与光学性能

通过种子乳液聚合合成核壳结构的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/聚苯乙烯(PMMA/PS)复合微球,通过酸碱溶胀法进一步制备出次微米级的PS中空微球. 将此中空微球作为微反应器,使在ZnO纳米粒子前驱体溶液中溶胀, 最终ZnO纳米粒子在PS中空微球中原位生成. 实验表明, 组成ZnO纳米粒子前驱体溶液的两种组 分(CH₃COO)₂Zn和LiOH的滴加顺序不同对最终生成的ZnO纳米粒子的尺寸和负载效率有很大的影响,但并不改变ZnO纳米粒子的晶型. 复合物的光致发光和UV-Vis吸     

银/硒化锌核壳结构微球对硝酸钠红外光谱特性的影响研究

利用硒化锌微球表面的银镜反应制备了银/硒化锌(Ag/ZnSe)核壳结构微球,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)以及傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对其进行了表征,研究了Ag/ZnSe核壳结构对硝酸钠水溶液红外吸收光谱特性的影响。结果表明,Ag/ZnSe核壳结构微球使得硝酸钠反对称伸缩振动模式频率发生了明显的蓝移,振动强度有了较大程度的提高。     

Ag@Fe3O4@C-CdTe@SiO2磁性荧光复合微球的制备与光学特征

先采用一步溶剂热法和水热法制备了碳包覆的Ag@Fe₃O₄核壳型磁性纳米粒子,然后通过表面氨基化改性后与巯基乙酸修饰的CdTe量子点反应,将量子点键合到磁性微球上,最后在其表面包覆上一层二氧化硅壳层,制备出具有荧光增强的Ag@Fe₃O₄@C-CdTe@SiO₂磁性荧光复合材料。实验结果表明,该纳米粒子的平均粒径大约为150 nm,磁饱和强度为224 A/g（22.4 emu/g）,在室温下具有较好的磁性能。其中Ag@Fe₃O₄@C-CdTe磁性荧光纳米粒子的荧光强度大于Fe₃O₄@C-CdTe,其主要原因是内核为45 nm的Ag纳米粒子具有表面等离子体共振作用,能够使其表面或附近的量子点荧光得到增强。     

缩合法合成磁性荧光高分子CdTe@Fe_3O_4/P(NIPAM-co-AA)复合微球及其表征

具有超顺磁性和荧光特性的CdTe@Fe_3O_4/P(NIPAM-co-AA)多功能复合微球是以P(NIPAMco-AA)为模板制备而成.首先,采用溶胀法使模板微球带有磁性;其次,辅助TEOS和APTES两种化学试剂实现对Fe_3O_4/P(NIPAM-co-AA)微球表面的氨基功能化;最后,携带氨基的磁性微球与巯基乙酸修饰的CdTe量子点通过酰胺缩合反应,将量子点键合到磁性微球表面上,最终获得单分散的磁性荧光高分子复合微球.分别采用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、倒置荧光显微成像系统、荧光分光光度计以及振动样品磁强计等方法对所获复合材料的结构与性能进行了表征.结果表明:复合微球单分散性良好,平均粒径约为30μm,饱和磁化强度可达5.4emu/g,具有良好的超顺磁性和较高的荧光发光效率.该材料将磁性、荧光结合到微米级高分子共聚物上,不仅解决了纳米粒子分离和处理的困难,而且奠定了多功能材料在生物标记、荧光成像等诸多领域潜在的应用基础.     

核壳结构CdS/ZnS纳米微粒的制备与光学特性

用微乳液法制备CdS纳米微粒 ,以ZnS对其进行表面修饰 ,得到具有核壳结构的CdS/ZnS纳米微粒 .采用X射线衍射 (XRD)、透射电镜 (TEM )表征其结构、粒度和形貌 ,紫外 可见吸收光谱 (UV)、光致发光光谱(PL)表征其光学特性 .制得的CdS近似呈球形 ,直径为 3.3nm ;以XRD和UV证实了CdS/ZnS核壳结构的实现 .研究了不同ZnS壳层厚度对CdS纳米微粒光学性能的影响 ,UV谱表明随着壳层厚度的增加纳米微粒的吸收带边有轻微的红移 ,同时短波吸收增强 ;PL谱表明壳层ZnS的包覆可减少CdS纳米微粒的表面缺陷 ,带边直接复合发光的几率增大 ,具有合适的壳层厚度时发光效率大大提高 .     

Magnetic nanostructures as amplifiers of transverse fields in magnetic resonance

We introduce the concept of amplifying the transverse magnetic fields produced and/or detected with inductive coils in magnetic resonance settings by using the reversible transverse susceptibility properties of magnetic nanostructures. First, we describe the theoretical formalism of magnetic flux amplification through the coil in the presence of a large perpendicular DC magnetic field (typical of magnetic resonance systems) achieved through the singularity in the reversible transverse susceptibility in anisotropic single domain magnetic nanoparticles. We experimentally demonstrate the concept of transverse magnetic flux amplification in an inductive coil system using oriented nanoparticles with uni-axial magnetic anisotropy. We also propose a composite ferromagnetic/anti-ferromagnetic core/shell nanostructure system with uni-directional magnetic anisotropy that, in principle, provides maximal transverse magnetic flux amplification.     

Magnetization of epitaxial MnGe alloys on Ge(1 1 1) substrates

The structural and magnetic properties of an Mn rich solid phase epitaxy Mn_xGe_1−x alloy grown on a clean 2 × 8-Ge(1 1 1) surface, with a Curie temperature of about 300 K are investigated. Magneto-optical  Kerr effect infers the existence of in-plane easy magnetization direction. We describe the epitaxial registry condition, the room temperature—zero field magnetic structure observed by magnetic force microscopy and the magneto-optical properties. The observations are consistent with the formation of epitaxial Mn₅Ge₃ alloy, with a modulated magnetic structure characterized by asymmetric 180° Bloch walls consisting of a vortex-like configuration of the local magnetization.     

Absence of field anisotropy in the intrinsic ferromagnetic signals of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite

We have measured the magnetization of bulk samples of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) at magnetic fields applied parallel and perpendicular to the graphene layers. Within experimental error the intrinsic ferromagnetic signals of the samples show similar magnetic moments at saturation for the two magnetic field directions, in contrast to recently published data (J. ?ervenka et al., Nat. Phys. 5 (2009) 840). To check that the SQUID device provides correctly the small ferromagnetic signals obtained after subtracting the 100 times larger diamagnetic background, we have prepared a sample with a superconducting Pb-film deposited on one of the HOPG surfaces. We show that the field dependence of the measured magnetic moment and after the background subtraction is highly reliable even in the sub-μ emu range providing the real magnetic properties of the embedded small ferromagnetic and superconducting signals.     

磁制冷研究现状

在能源紧缺、全球气温上升、环境影响日趋严重的背景下,磁制冷作为一项高新绿色制冷技术,其发展前景为各国所看好。文中简要介绍了有关磁制冷样机的研究现状、磁制冷原理、磁制冷循环、磁制冷的关键技术,以及磁制冷的应用,并对磁制冷的趋势作出展望。     

Stability of the magnetic domain structure of nanoparticle thin films against external fields

We investigate the effect of external magnetic fields on the magnetic structure of thin films from magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) with dipolar interaction. Such fields are present, for example, if samples are scanned with magnetic probes. Numerical simulations and experimental magnetic force microscopy (MFM) studies are presented. Numerically, we have calculated the magnetization pattern of single-layer and multilayer MNP thin films. The calculations show that unperturbed single-layer MNP films have an in-plane orientation of the magnetization with a flux-closure-domain pattern. An external field generated by a point dipole above the film induces locally an out-of-plane configuration of the magnetization. In the corresponding MFM images, the domain pattern in the film is erased and a stripe-like contrast enhancement at the edges appears. Multilayer films are found to be more robust against external fields than monolayers.     

Magnetic evaluation of advanced metal-evaporated tape in an advanced linear tape drive

Demand for increased data storage has resulted in the development of various types of magnetic tapes. To achieve higher recording density, tape manufacturers are developing thin-film tapes, such as advanced metal-evaporated (AME) tape, for use in linear tape drives. In recent studies, these new AME tapes have demonstrated sustainable mechanical durability at low tensions suitable for use in linear tape drives. An evaluation of the magnetic performance of these AME tapes including the impact of tape cupping and initial edge quality was the goal of this study. Head output, dropouts, head–tape interface friction, and lateral tape motion (LTM) were monitored throughout testing. As track widths continue to narrow, LTM has become one of the critical limitations of magnetic performance. To more accurately measure LTM during drive development, a new method involving the output voltage of a head-read element that has been adjusted to be halfway off the recorded track on tape was implemented (LTM_M). It is shown that positively cupped AME tapes will result in similar head output and fewer dropouts than the current MP tapes. The negatively cupped AME sample produced the lowest head output data and the highest amount of dropouts of all the tapes evaluated in this investigation. All the tapes evaluated demonstrated similar values of LTM when monitored at the center of the tape. When LTM was monitored at the lower edge of the tape, the positively cupped AME tape with the worst relative edge contour length resulted in the highest LTM_M. As found in previous studies, AME tapes produced slightly lower values of coefficient of friction than the MP tapes. From this investigation, positively cupped AME tapes with good initial relative edge contour length are recommended for use in linear tape drives, similar to those used in this study.     

Four-fold magnetic anisotropy in a Co film on MgO(0 0 1)

The development of devices based on magnetic tunnel junctions has raised new interests on the structural and magnetic properties of the interface Co/MgO. In this context, we have grown ultrathin Co films (≤30 Å) by molecular-beam epitaxy on MgO(0 0 1) substrates kept at different temperatures (T_S). Their structural and magnetic properties were correlated and discussed in the context of distinct magnetic anisotropies for Co phases reported in the literature. The sample characterization has been done by reflection high energy electron diffraction, magneto-optical Kerr effect and ferromagnetic resonance. The main focus of the work is on a sample deposited at T_S=25 °C, as its particular way of growth has enabled a bct Co structure to settle on the substrate, where it is not normally obtained without specific seed layers. This sample presented the best crystallinity, softer magnetic properties and a four-fold in-plane magnetic anisotropy with Co〈1 1 0〉 easy directions. Concerning the samples prepared at T_S=200 and 500° C, they show fcc and polycrystalline structures, respectively and more intricate magnetic anisotropy patterns.     

T1 and T2 relaxivities of succimer-coated MFe2O4 (M=Mn, Fe and Co) inverse spinel ferrites for potential use as phase-contrast agents in medical MRI

Superparamagnetic MFe₂³⁺O₄ (M=Mn²⁺, Fe²⁺ and Co²⁺) inverse spinel ferrite (ISF) nanoparticles with narrow size distribution having average diameters of 6-8 nm were synthesized by a diol reduction of organic metals and the surface was modified to be hydrophilic by coating with succimer. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast enhancement by dipolar coupling defined interactions between the synthesized ISFs and protons in the bulk water was investigated with initial susceptibility, magnetization and anisotropy of the succimer-coated ISFs. The relaxivity ratios, r₂/r₁, for MnFe₂O₄, Fe₃O₄ and CoFe₂O₄ were measured to be 12.2, 23.1 and 62.3, respectively, which demonstrate the potential usefulness of these magnetic nanoparticles as T₂ contrast agents for MRI.