化学激光器1/4环柱型增益发生器

设计并搭建了化学激光器1/4环柱型增益发生器的实验系统。按设计流量进行了出光实验,功率计探测到的出光功率在60 W左右。测量了燃烧室温度及压力,与Alpha激光器HL911-3实验数据类似,燃烧室温度及压力曲线都存在一个爬升阶段。环柱型增益发生器沿角向扩张的特点使得光腔区压力很低,仅为0.5 kPa左右。为验证环柱状增益区的有效形成,对3对取光孔分别进行了出光实验,结果表明每对取光孔都有功率输出,证明设计的增益发生器运行正常。     

DF化学激光器扩压器流场仿真及优化

建立了DF化学激光器压力恢复系统扩压器的流场仿真模型,对扩压器流场结构进行了仿真分析。结果显示,扩压器超扩段长度为1310 mm时,激光器可工作压力为7.18 kPa。增加超扩段长度至1810 mm,激光器的可工作压力上升至8.25 kPa; 插入2片楔形叶片,激光器的可工作压力提升至8.52 kPa。适当增加超扩段长度和插入叶片的方式可在一定范围内提高激光器的工作压力,研究结果对于化学激光器扩压器的设计与优化具有重要的参考价值。     

化学激光器扩压器启动特性研究

为实现化学激光器的高速、低压尾气排入背压环境,需开展扩压器的启动特性研究。建立扩压器的仿真分析模型,根据激光器的实际工作需求,进行了扩压器总压11 kPa时的流场仿真,得到了不同背压情况下扩压器启动过程的流场,并提出扩压器逐级启动的工作方式。仿真结果显示,采用逐级启动的工作方式,扩压器以总压13 kPa启动直排入8 kPa的背景,流动稳定后将扩压器总压回调至11 kPa,实现了扩压器的正常启动。依托现有的激光器试车台进行了扩压器逐级启动的试验验证工作。试验结果表明,该种启动方式能够实现扩压器工作能力的提高。     

850nm高亮度锥形半导体激光器的光电特性

采用激射波长为850 rm的AlGaInAs/AlGaAs梯度折射率波导分别限制增益量子阱结构的外延片,设计并制备了具有条形结构和锥形结构的半导体激光器.在输出功率同为1 W时,锥形激光器的发散角、光束传播因子和亮度分别为4°、2.8和9.9 MW·cm-2·sr-1,远好于条形激光器的6°、9.2和3.0 MW·cm...     

中远红外双波段激光器增益介质匹配

对中远红外双波段激光器中DF和CO2两种增益介质的匹配进行了研究。根据对DF和CO2两种增益介质分布的理论分析,发现DF相比于CO2介质增益峰值位置更靠前,激活区长度更短,据此设计加工了一台双波段激光器,使CO2气体注入孔位置可调,通过D2和CO2注入孔位置的差别来实现两种介质增益峰值位置的匹配。实验证明了这种设计是有效的,并确定了激光器共同光轴的最佳位置位于D2气注入孔下游3 mm,CO2注入孔下游33 mm处,此处双波段激光的输出功率均接近最大值。     

金刚石压腔蛇纹石原位拉曼光谱研究

在金刚石压腔中,运用激光拉曼光谱技术对高压下蛇纹石矿物结构及其稳定性进行了原位观测与研究。实验获得蛇纹石在常温下从0.1～5 140MPa的拉曼光谱数据。研究发现,蛇纹石低频拉曼谱峰388,471,692和705cm-1随压力增加有规律地向高频偏移;层内羟基3 664cm-1峰和层间羟基3 696cm-1峰与压力呈明显的正相关性。层内羟基3 664cm-1峰随压力变化的斜率为3.3cm-1.GPa-1,层间羟基3 696cm-1峰在2.0GPa时斜率由8.3cm-1.GPa-1变为1.1cm-1.GPa cm-1。在实验温压条件下,蛇纹石未发生脱水作用。     

850nm高亮度近衍射极限锥形半导体激光器

制备了具有低红暴优势的850 nm大功率高亮度锥形半导体激光器,获得了近衍射极限的激光输出.当连续输功率为200 mW时,光束质量因子M2仅为1.7,亮度高达16.3 MW·cm-2·sr-1;当功率提高到1W时,M2因子和亮度仍分别达到2.8和9.9 MW·cm-2· sr-1.此外,研究了锥形激光器的功率、光谱、远...     

利用高翅管换热器提高压力恢复系统效率

为提高压力恢复系统效率,设计并制造了一台高翅管换热器。采用滚扎而成的整体式螺旋高翅片管,代替套片式圆形普通翅片管,翅片管材料为紫铜,管束按等腰三角形叉排布置,管内强制水冷。测试了高翅管换热器的阻力特性,对比分析了加入换热器前后压力恢复系统性能的变化。结果表明:随着背压的提高,该换热器流阻逐渐降低,当背压达到9.366kPa时,换热器流阻为0.133kPa,仅占换热器入口激光尾气压力的1.4%;与不加换热器相比,加入高翅管换热器后的引射器混合室入口压力降低了12.95%,压力恢复系统的效率得到了提高。     

2-（3,5-二氯-2-吡啶偶氮）-5-二乙氨基酚分光光度法测定啤酒中微量铬的研究

在0.09—0.16mol·L-1硫酸介质中,Cr2O72-与2-（3,5-二氯-2-吡啶偶氮）-5-二乙氨基酚作用,形成二离子缔合物,最大吸收波长533nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为为4.51×104L·mol-1·cm-1,铬含量在0—3.3μg·mL-1内符合比耳定律,用于啤酒样品中微量铬的测定,结果满意。     

超音速氮稀释连续波HF化学激光器小信号增益测量

 以氮为稀释剂的电激励连续波HF/DF化学激光器可以使用低温吸附泵代替传统的机械真空泵和洗消装置,大幅度降低激光器的系统体积和重量。使用小信号增益测量系统对某超音速氮稀释电激励连续波HF化学激光器的增益分布进行了测量。得到了在4种不同激光功率下P₁(4),P₁(6), P₂(4)～P₂(6)谱线的增益系数分布曲线。测得P2(4)为最强增益谱线,最大值为0.1 cm^-1;最强增益位置与最佳光轴位置相符;超音速气流使增益区延伸达2.5 cm。     

Performance comparison of supersonic ejectors with different motive gas injection schemes applicable for flowing medium gas laser

A class of flowing medium gas lasers with low generator pressures employ supersonic flows with low cavity pressure and are primarily categorized as high throughput systems capable of being scaled up to MW class. These include; Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser (COIL) and Hydrogen (Deuterium) Fluoride (HF/DF). The practicability of such laser systems for various applications is enhanced by exhausting the effluents directly to ambient atmosphere. Consequently, ejector based pressure recovery forms a potent configuration for open cycle operation. Conventionally these gas laser systems require at least two ejector stages with low pressure stage being more critical, since it directly entrains the laser media, and the ensuing perturbation of cavity flow, if any, may affect laser operation. Hence, the choice of plausible motive gas injection schemes viz., peripheral or central is a fluid dynamic issue of interest, and a parametric experimental performance comparison would be beneficial. Thus, the focus is to experimentally characterize the effect of variation in motive gas supply pressure, entrainment ratio, back pressure conditions, nozzle injection position operated together with a COIL device and discern the reasons for the behavior.     

大气压下电晕电离层离子运动规律的实验研究

对大气压下电晕电离层的离子运动规律进行了实验研究。实验结果表明: 在电晕放电的流光或辉光放电区域, 电离电场强度、注入功率密度、电离能密度等参量对等离子体输运项的影响程度仅在1 个数量级内; 在电离能密度达到0. 4mJ•cm^{- 3} , 气体速度从1. 5m•s^{- 1} 提高到25m•s^{- 1} 时, 离子输运率相应从5. 4× 10⁸ cm^{- 3}•s^{- 1} 增加到8×10¹⁰ cm^{- 3}•s^{- 1} , 提高了近2 个数量级。带电粒子的动量对离子浓度及输运的影响远大于电离电场强度、注入功率密度等的影响。     

The progress of nuclear pumped laser in CFBR-Ⅱ reactor

Development of nuclear pumped lasers (NPL) in the CFBR-Ⅱ reactor is briefly reviewed. The results ofthe two NPL experiments in CFBR-Ⅱ reactor are described. The first one focused on the principle ofnuclear pumped laser, and 4-mW laser output power achieved. The second NPL experiment focused onthe small signal gain and the efficiency of the nuclear pumped He-Ar-Xe gas mixture at 1.73 μm. Themaximum laser power measured to be 45 mW when thermal neutron flux rate is 6.9 × 10 14 cm-2 @ s-1.The small signal gain at 1.73μm by the Rigrod analysis method is to be 0.24%.cm-1, and the saturationintensity is fitted to be 36 W/cm2.     

基于光腔衰荡光谱技术的压力计校准方法

压强是工业生产过程中的一个重要参数,其准确测量是过程控制的关键。气体分子光谱线型和线宽取决于分子间相互作用和温度、气压等因素,利用窄线宽气体吸收光谱的压力展宽效应,可通过高分辨地测量气体吸收谱线得到压强信息,实现压力计校准。提出了一种基于光腔衰荡光谱技术和气体吸收谱线压力展宽效应的压力计校准方法。采用5.2 μm可调谐量子级联激光器,基于连续光腔衰荡光谱技术建立了压力计校准实验装置。室温下,测量水汽在1 877 cm-1附近的一吸收谱线,线宽为0.084 21 cm-1,重复性测量误差小于1.53×10-4 cm-1,对应的压强大小为98.12 kPa,检测灵敏度优于0.18 kPa,与高精度压力计读数98.14 kPa一致。利用测试谱线线宽与压强的关系得到压力展宽系数(0.087 12±0.000 965) cm-1·atm-1,与HITARN数据库参考值0.087 1 cm-1·atm-1一致。实验校准了一小量程压力计。结果表明基于光腔衰荡光谱的高分辨吸收谱线测量在压强检测和压力计校准领域具有很好的应用前景。     

强激光辐照下纯铝的力学响应和层裂的实验测量与分析

 采用速度干涉（VISAR）测试技术，对强激光辐照下纯铝的动态力学响应和层裂特性进行了实验测量和分析。样品厚度分别为200 μm 和485 μm，激光脉冲的半高宽约为10 ns，功率密度变化范围为10¹⁰~10¹¹ W·cm^-2。实测了样品自由面速度波形，反映了强激光加载作用下材料损伤演化过程以及损伤对材料动态响应的影响。计算得到了冲击波强度(2.0~13.4 GPa) 和不同拉伸应变率下铝的层裂强度(1.6~2.3 GPa)。在所采用的实验条件和1维近似下，激光辐照产生的冲击波强度与激光功率密度之间成线性关系。最后讨论了层裂强度与拉伸应变率之间的关系，显示层裂强度随着拉伸应变率的增加而增大。     

化学激光器燃烧室两步反应法的实验研究

 在环柱型增益发生器实验系统燃烧室的设计中,将主稀释剂He从两个不同的区域注入燃烧室,其中一部分与D2预混以后通过D2喷注孔注入,另一部分通过主喷管叶片后端的后向喷注孔注入。讨论了不同区域的主稀释剂流量的变化对激光器特性的影响。实验结果表明：后He流量改变时,激光器的功率变化及点火稳定性等明显优于前He流量改变的情况。若要增加主稀释剂比例,应优先考虑调整后He。     

含灰湿空气外掠翅片管束积灰和阻力特性实验研究

本文针对以褐煤预干燥乏气为代表的含灰含湿气体余热回收问题,采用含灰湿空气模拟真实干燥乏气/烟气,搭建了混合气体外掠圆形翅片管束对流冷凝实验系统,获得了灰分浓度、水蒸气质量分数、主流气体入口温度等因素对其积灰和阻力特性的影响规律。实验结果表明,阻力系数随着灰分浓度和气体入口温度的增加而增加,随水蒸气质量分数的增加而减小,其中灰分浓度影响重大,当其从1.5g·m3增加到12.8g·m-3时,平均阻力系数从0.07增长到0.46,增长幅度约为536%.积灰程度表现出与阻力系数相同的趋势,当灰分浓度大于7.7g·m3时即积灰严重,甚至会产生堵塞流道的现象,需要及时清理。     

Effects of pressure ratio on population inversion in a DF chemical laser with concurrent lasing

A numerical simulation is presented for investigating the effects of pressure ratio of D₂ injector to supersonic nozzle on the population inversion in the DF chemical laser cavity, while a lasing concurrently takes place. The chemical laser is generally used for the industrial process and manufacturing as well as the military weapon system, which requires high power characteristic of laser system rather than the others. The population inversion is absolutely needed to generate the laser beam and is non-equilibrium process. The laser beam is generated between the mirrors in the cavity and it is important to obtain stronger population inversion and more uniform distribution of the excited molecules in the laser cavity in order to produce high-power laser beam with good quality. In this study, these phenomena are investigated by means of analyzing the distributions of the DF excited molecules and the F atom used as an oxidant, while simultaneously estimating the maximum small signal and saturated gains and power in the DF chemical laser cavity. For the numerical solution, a fully conservative implicit method and a second order total variation diminishing (TVD) scheme are used with the finite-volume method (FVM). An 11-species (including DF molecules in various excited states of energies), 32-step chemistry model is adopted for the chemical reaction of the DF chemical laser system. The results are discussed by comparison with two D₂ injector pressure cases; 192 and 388.64 torr. Major results reveal that in the resonator, stronger population inversions occur in the all transitions except DF(1)-DF(0), when the D₂ injection pressure is lower. But, the higher D₂ injection pressure provides a favorable condition for DF(1)-DF(0) transition to generate the higher power laser beam. In other words, as the pressure of D₂ injector increases, the maximum small signal gain in the v_1-0 transition, which is in charge of generating most of laser power, becomes higher. Therefore, the total laser beam power becomes higher.