用偏光显微术研究聚合物分散液晶压光效应膜

制备出大液晶微滴的具有压光效应的聚合物分散液晶膜,给出样品按压前后偏光显微镜对比照片.提出压缩液晶微滴模型,采用Fortran软件模拟计算了压光效应液晶微滴双折射透光率分布,用Origin软件作图,计算结果绘图与偏光显微镜图片一致.定义按压后液晶微滴圆球变扁球的扁平度,计算按压后序参数与扁平度的关系,说明按压作用使液晶...     

聚合物分散液晶膜的压光效应

报道了一种聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)膜在压力作用下从散射膜变为透明膜的实验现象,建议称之为PDLC膜的压光效应.介绍了与压光效应相关的PDLC的应变液晶、剪切液晶和拉伸液晶等概念;给出PDLC压光效应膜样品照片,偏光显微镜照片,电光特性光谱分析和压光效应光谱分析.提出PDLC膜压光效应的原理猜想,给出对PDLC膜光学性...     

剪切液晶散射偏光玻璃的研制与应用

介绍了聚合物分散液晶、剪切液晶、散射偏光片以及透明投影屏幕等概念。实验制备了剪切液晶散射偏光玻璃样品,样品由两张玻璃夹层聚合物分散液晶膜在紫外光固化过程中施加剪切应力制成。实验给出了样品偏光显微镜照片和透光率以及雾度随透光轴与入射偏振光偏振方向夹角的变化曲线。剪切液晶散射偏光玻璃外观半透明,存在透光轴。散射偏光玻璃与吸收偏光片组合具有调光窗功能,与单片液晶投影机或单片硅上液晶投影机配套还能用作背投影成像效果十分清晰的透明投影屏幕。     

应变液晶散射偏光片的试制

介绍了聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)和应变液晶(SLC)以及散射偏光片的概念,实验制备了应变液晶散射偏光片样品,样品由两张胶片夹层聚合物分散液晶膜在紫外光固化过程中施加剪切应力所形成。给出了样品偏光显微镜照片和可见光分光光度计偏光特性光谱分析。实验结果表明,应变液晶散射偏光片样品外观半透明,在正交偏光场中转动样品有颜色变化,通过样品观察液晶显示器屏幕,在不同角度下有透射和散射作用,在偏光显微镜中观察样品有衬垫料被拉动的痕迹,光谱分析显示样品在绿光550nm波长处最大透光率T∥≈50%,最小透光率T⊥≈5%,偏振度P≈82%。实验结果对于研制实用的拉伸液晶散射偏光片具有参考意义。     

剪切聚合物分散液晶散射偏光特性

介绍了拉伸聚合物分散液晶和散射偏光片概念,实验制备了剪切聚合物分散液晶样品,给出了对聚合物分散液晶样品施加剪切应力的偏光特性光谱分析.实验结果表明,吸收偏光片前置和后置样品的散射偏光效果相同,样品在绿光550nm波长处最大透光率T//～60%,最小透光率T┴～10%,偏振度P～70%.实验结果对于其他散射偏光片具有普遍...     

掺锡As2S8薄膜光折变效应及其在条波导制备中的应用研究

实验研究了Sn₁As₂₀S₇₉非晶态半导体薄膜的光折变效应及其膜厚变化的现象,归纳了沉积态样品、退火态样品和光饱和态样品的实验规律,提出和采用紫外光激励的方法试制了Sn₁As₂₀S₇₉条形波导,632.8 nm波长导模激励显示该波导具有良好的导波特性. 关键词： 光波导技术 硫属化合物玻璃 光阻断效应 光折变效应     

聚合物分散液晶光栅的制备实验

把夹预聚物分散液晶的玻璃用菲林掩膜遮盖,在紫外灯下进行弱准直光曝光,使液晶和聚合物产生相分离,形成聚合物分散液晶光栅。并采用偏光显微镜对光栅的形貌进行检测,利用激光笔对光栅的电光特性进行测定,证明衍射效率具有电场可调谐性。实验方法简单易操作,现象明显,在光栅常数较大时可以明显看到衍射效果,对液晶物理专业基础实验的教学具有参考意义。     

聚合物分散液晶增强散射的理想模型

介绍聚合物分散液晶技术新进展,应用光学原理对液晶微滴增强散射问题进行研究,提出液晶微滴最佳间距判据,液晶微滴间隔处聚合物材料光学厚度满足增反膜条件;提出液晶微滴最佳直径判据,液晶微滴直径满足双折射相消干涉条件;提出聚合物与液晶最佳配比的计算方法,应用晶体学原子堆积致密度知识给出最佳配比的计算结果.建立一种聚合物分散液晶增强散射的理想模型,进而从更基本的光学原理出发对异常散射理论模拟计算和实验上确定的液晶微滴最佳直径和聚合物与液晶最佳配比问题给出十分简单明确的理论解释.     

掺锡As2S8薄膜光折变效应及其在条波导制备中的应用研究

实验研究了Sn1As20S79非晶态半导体薄膜的光折变效应及其膜厚变化的现象,归纳了沉积态样品、退火态样品和光饱和态样品的实验规律,提出和采用紫外光激励的方法试制了Sn1As20S79条形波导,632.8 nm波长导模激励显示该波导具有良好的导波特性.     

电控聚合物分散液晶变焦全息透镜制作

介绍了相位型全息聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)材料全息透镜,在电场作用下液晶微滴折射率逐渐与聚合物折射率匹配,实现透镜电控变焦。研究了微米尺寸和纳米尺寸液晶微滴聚合物分散液晶材料配方特性和微观结构。采用优化纳米尺寸材料配方制作5~6μm聚合物分散液晶盒,采用离轴式平面波和球面波干涉全息写入光路,成功制作电控变焦聚合物分散液晶全息透镜样品。该透镜样品焦距为20 mm,能够正一级衍射放大成像。实现“0”,“1”变焦的驱动电压阈值为60 V。并进一步提出了基于聚合物分散液晶电控变焦元件集成叠加技术实现电控变焦光学成像系统的技术思路。     

表面垂直取向对HPDLC光栅特性的影响

为了提高聚合物/液晶（HPDLC）光栅的衍射效率并改善光栅的表面形貌,研究了表面垂直取向处理对HPDLC光栅的影响。首先,研究了表面垂直处理对液晶分子的取向作用,发现垂直取向层对液晶的锚定作用随着盒厚的增加而逐渐减弱,取向层的作用范围大概在3 m ~5 m之间;其次,对相分离程度进行了实验表征,结果表明,随着液晶盒厚度的增加,相分离开始的时间越来越快,并且分离程度也越来越彻底。最后,讨论了表面垂直取向对HPDLC光栅衍射效率的影响,随着盒厚的增加,相分离出来的液晶微滴形成连续的区域,光栅的衍射效率逐渐升高,当盒厚增加到一定程度,其衍射效率和无取向处理的光栅接近。当盒厚过大时,垂直取向处理对HPDLC光栅散射损失并没有太大的改善,只有当盒厚适中（12 m）时,光栅的衍射效率最高,散射损失最小。     

Features of electro-optical characteristics of composite liquid crystal media (a review)

Main patterns of structure formation of composite liquid crystal (LC) media and their classification according to the percentage content of liquid crystal and polymer are considered. Their properties are compared with the properties of homogeneous LC layers and the opportunities of their practical use in optical modulators are discussed. It is shown that, at small (10 wt %) monomer concentrations in the composite, its polymerization leads to formation of a thin-wall network which separates the liquid crystal into domains and provides an uniform orientation in the bulk. The polymer network increases the elasticity of the layer and decreases the relaxation time, but the devices usually work in polarized light and use the same principle as the devices filled with pure LC; i.e. the phase of the light or its polarization changes due to a change in the effective refraction index. However, the division of the LC volume into relatively autonomous domains also allows one to create a polarization-independent device based on the scattering effect. By increasing the relative content of the monomer, it is possible to ensure formation of a porous polymer matrix with inclusions of isolated from each other LC droplets. Such polymer-dispersed LC in its initial state either scatter the light of any polarization and becomes transparent state when an electric field is applied, or, with the use of special methods, the switch-off and switch-on states are swapped (“reverse mode” devices). The main advantages of the composite media are independence of polarization, mechanical strength, and small relaxation times, while the main disadvantages are increased power consumption, high polarization-independent optical losses, and significantly lower contrast. Possible ways to increase the contrast are described.     

Optical properties and optimized conditions for polymer dispersed liquid crystal containing UV curable polymer and nematic liquid crystal

Polymer dispersed liquid crystal was synthesized by combining a UV curable polymer and a nematic liquid crystal. Optimized conditions for the optical properties of the PDLC were found to be the concentration ratio of LC and polymer at 7:3, UV curing time of 18 min, and the thickness less than 25 μm. In the case of the high LC concentration (≥70%) sample, the amount of liquid crystal segregated in the polymerization process was enough to form a spherical shape of droplet, and the threshold driving voltage was reduced. The response time for the turn-on process was nearly independent of the concentration, while the turn-off process was almost proportional to the concentration. From microscopic image and UV–visible spectrum analysis, the relation between LC droplet morphology and optical properties were explained.     

Thermal analysis of Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal under electric field using photopyroelectric technique

In this paper the first measurement of effective thermal parameters (thermal diffusivity, effusivity, conductivity and heat capacity) of Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) composites using the photopyroelectric (PPE) calorimetry is reported. The PPE technique is used in the standard “back” configuration and the cell has been designed for allowing the application of an electric field to the sample. Results show a dependence of the thermal parameters on the applied electric field which is explained by the reorientation of the liquid crystal molecules inside the droplets.     

Low threshold and high contrast polymer dispersed liquid crystal grating based on twisted nematic polarization modulator

An electrically tunable mode is proposed to overcome the bottleneck problem of a conventional polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) grating and realize its low threshold and high contrast through an alignment-controlled PDLC. The results indicate that the threshold voltage V_PP of the grating is as low as 0.75–0.8 V, the saturation voltage V_pp is 7 V and the contrast ratio of the grating reaches 245, which is about three times larger than the conventional PDLC grating. Stability testing indicates a stable state of contrast during a long time. PACS 42.40.Eq; 42.70.Df; 42.79.Kr     

Hydrodynamic Flows in Microsized Liquid Crystal Cells with Orientational Defects

The effect of the orientational defect (OD) on the formation process of a vortical flow v(t, r), emerging in a microsized liquid crystal (LC) cell under the action of a focused laser radiation, was studied within the nonlinear generalization of the classical Ericksen–Leslie theory by numerical methods, considering the thermomechanical contributions to both the stress tensor and viscous torque, that acts on the unit volume of the liquid crystal phase (LC phase). The analysis of the obtained results showed that the vortical flow, rotating clockwise, is generated in a “defect” LC cell close to the OD, with the OD, placed on the lower bounding surface, on which the laser radiation was focused. The rotational velocity of this flow is two orders of magnitude greater than the rotational velocity of the vortex, which is generated in a “pure” LC cell at the same conditions and rotates anticlockwise.

     

Study on the algorithm of computational ghost imaging based on discrete fourier transform measurement matrix

We have developed a model and realized an algorithm for the calculation of the coefficient of coherent (direct) transmission of light through a layer of liquid crystal (LC) droplets in a polymer matrix. The model is based on the Hulst anomalous diffraction approximation for describing the scattering by an individual particle and the Foldy-Twersky approximation for a coherent field. It allows one to investigate polymer dispersed LC (PDLC) materials with homogeneous and inhomogeneous interphase surface anchoring on the droplet surface. In order to calculate the configuration of the field of the local director in the droplet, the relaxation method of solving the problem of minimization of the free energy volume density has been used. We have verified the model by comparison with experiment under the inverse regime of the ionic modification of the LC-polymer interphase boundary. The model makes it possible to solve problems of optimization of the optical response of PDLC films in relation to their thickness and optical characteristics of the polymer matrix, sizes, polydispersity, concentration, and anisometry parameters of droplets. Based on this model, we have proposed a technique for estimating the size of LC droplets from the data on the dependence of the transmission coefficient on the applied voltage.