光谱法研究硫酸酯化壳聚糖与DNA的作用机理

以荧光光谱法、吸收光谱法、碱变性曲线、离子强度和荧光猝灭等方法研究了两种硫酸酯化壳聚糖与DNA的相互作用机理。结果表明, 硫酸酯化壳聚糖与荧光探针DNA/EB的作用存在嵌插和静电作用两种模式。 高取代度硫酸酯化壳聚糖(CT-H)与低取代度硫酸酯化壳聚糖(CT-L)存在下,DNA的紫外吸收光谱产生不同的增色效应和减色效应;碱变性pH增大、发光体系稳定性增加;金属阳离子Mg2+可与DNA的磷酸基团产生弱静电相互作用。极微量硫酸酯化壳聚糖存在下,荧光被有效地猝灭,证明在EB、CT-H或CT-L和DNA之间产生了强的竞争键合作用,表明不同硫酸酯化壳聚糖是一种有希望的基因治疗靶向分子。     

荧光及吸收光谱法研究β-环糊精-硫堇包合物与DNA的相互作用

用荧光及可见光谱方法研究了β-环糊精对硫堇的包合以及β-环糊精-硫堇包合物与DNA的相互作用.在pH 7.2的PBS缓冲液中,β-环糊精以1∶1包合硫堇,包合常数为527 L·mol-1(可见光谱法)、444L·mol-1(荧光法);DNA的引入使环糊精-硫堇包合物的吸收波长红移,吸光峰强度降低;环糊精-硫堇包合物的荧光发生蓝移并有猝灭现象,猝灭常数为6.12×104 L·mol-1.荧光及可见光谱数据表明,环糊精-硫堇包合物以嵌入方式与DNA发生相互作用,其结合比是1∶1.     

8-羟基喹啉-山梨酸稀土配合物与鲱鱼精DNA相互作用的光谱研究

合成了以山梨酸(SA)和8-羟基喹啉(Hq)为配体的Sm(Ⅲ)、Eu(Ⅲ)为中心的三元稀土配合物,研究了配合物与DNA之间的作用机制。采用红外光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、差热热重、元素分析和摩尔电导等方法,确定了配合物的化学组成,采用光谱法探讨了配合物与鲱鱼精DNA的作用机制。结果表明:配合物的化学组成为Sm(Hq)(SA)2和Eu(Hq)(SA)2,其最大吸收峰在加入DNA后发生减色和红移,中性红(NR)使配合物-DNA体系的吸收发生减色,伴有等色点出现。配合物的加入导致NR-DNA体系的吸收峰强度和位置发生变化。计算求得Eu(Hq)(SA)2和Sm(Hq)(SA)2分别与DNA的结合位点数为5,在20℃下,Sm(Hq)(SA)2、Eu(Hq)(SA)2与DNA的结合常数分别是2.04×104L/mol和1.09×104L/mol。2种稀土配合物都能不同程度地猝灭NR-DNA体系的荧光,表明2种稀土配合物对DNA都有较强的嵌插作用且能自发进行,结合能力为Sm(Hq)(SA)2Eu(Hq)(SA)2。     

光谱法研究灿烂甲酚蓝与DNA的相互作用

利用紫外-可见(UV/Vis)光谱法研究了小分子染料灿烂甲酚蓝(BCB)与小牛胸腺DNA(ct DNA)的相互作用。实验表明,DNA在低浓度时,BCB能结合DNA形成1∶1的化合物,结合常数为4.3×104 L·mol-1,DNA与BCB的主要结合方式是“静电作用”方式;而在较高浓度时,则变成“嵌入作用”方式。为了进一步证明BCB分子嵌入到DNA, 利用了羟丙基-β环糊精(HP-β-CD)与BCB的包合行为来研究。实验证明,BCB分子能进入HP-β-CD的疏水性空腔形成包合物, 稳定常数为1.98×103 L·mol-1;高浓度DNA存在时,BCB分子从HP-β-CD空腔中离解而与DNA发生嵌入作用。据此可推断出BCB分子能嵌入到DNA的双螺旋沟槽中。BCB分子属经典的嵌入剂。     

Synthesis,CMC Determination,Antimicrobial Activity and Nucleic Acid Binding of A Surfactant Copper(II) Complex Containing Phenanthroline and Alanine Schiff-Base

A new water-soluble surfactant copper(II) complex [Cu(sal-ala)(phen)(DA)] (sal-ala = salicylalanine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, DA = dodecylamine), has been synthesized and characterized by physico-chemical and spectroscopic methods. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of this surfactant–copper(II) complex in aqueous solution were obtained from conductance measurements. Specific conductivity data (at 303, 308, 313. 318 and 323 K) served for the evaluation of the temperature-dependent CMC and the thermodynamics of micellization (ΔG⁰m, ΔH⁰m and ΔS⁰m). The interaction of this complex with nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) has been explored by using electronic absorption spectral titration, competitive binding experiment, cyclic voltammetry, circular dichroism (CD) spectra, and viscosity measurements. Electronic absorption studies have revealed that the complex can bind to nucleic acids by the intercalative binding mode which has been verified by viscosity measurements. The DNA binding constants have also been calculated (K_b?=?1.2?×?10⁵ M^?1 for DNA and K_b?=?1.6?×?10⁵ M^?1 for RNA). Competitive binding study with ethidium bromide (EB) showed that the complex exhibits the ability to displace the DNA-bound-EB indicating that the complex binds to DNA in strong competition with EB for the intercalative binding site. The presence of hydrophobic ligands, alanine Schiff-base, phenanthroline and long aliphatic chain amine in the complex were responsible for this strong intercalative binding. The surfactant–copper (II) complex was screened for its antibacterial and antifungal activities against various microorganisms. The results were compared with the standard drugs, amikacin(antibacterial) and ketokonazole(antifungal).     

硫堇与DNA分子作用机理的光谱研究

用紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱、圆二色谱和光电子能谱等光谱方法研究了硫堇(TH)与小牛胸腺DNA(CT-DNA)的作用机理。实验结果表明,在pH 7.2的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中, TH与CT-DNA之间的作用方式以嵌入作用为主,嵌入作用使TH的紫外最大吸收峰强度减小,且峰位发生红移。由紫外光谱实验结果线性拟合求得TH与CT-DNA的表观结合常数K＝1.45×104 L·mol-1。荧光光谱实验结果表明：TH与CT-DNA的嵌入作用使TH的荧光发生强烈猝灭,猝灭常数K_SV为1.01×104 L·mol-1。嵌入作用位点主要发生在CT-DNA的鸟嘌呤(G)-胞嘧啶(C)碱基序列富集区。通过对TH的光电子能谱中N,S原子的结合能变化分析,TH分子以杂环上S原子端与CT-DNA的G-C碱基对结合,两者的相互作用对CT-DNA的二级结构构象产生影响。     

Spectroscopic Characterization of the Interaction of Phenosafranin and Safranin O with Double Stranded, Heat Denatured and Single Stranded Calf Thymus DNA

Interaction of phenosafranin and safranin O with double stranded, heat denatured and single stranded calf thymus DNA has been studied by fluorescence, absorbance and circular dichroic techniques. Binding to the double stranded and heat denatured DNA conformations induced strong quenching in the fluorescence spectra of both dyes. Linear Scatchard plots indicated the binding to be of one type and the affinity evaluated to be of the order of 10(5) M(-1) with double stranded and heat denatured DNAs. Fluorescence quenching was much weaker with the single stranded DNA and the binding affinity was one order lower. Ferrocyanide quenching studies revealed that the fluorescence emission of the dye molecules bound to the double stranded and heat denatured DNAs was quenched much less compared to that bound to the single stranded DNA. Further, there was significant emission polarization for the bound dyes and strong energy transfer from the DNA base pairs to the dye molecules indicating intercalative binding. Salt dependence of the binding phenomenon revealed that electrostatic forces have significant role in the binding process. The intercalation of these molecules to double stranded and heat denatured DNA and simple stacking to single strands was proved by these fluorescence techniques. Support to the fluorescence results have been derived from absorption and circular dichroic results. Phenosafranin was revealed to be a stronger binding species compared to safranin O.     

Specific binding of a dihydropyrimidinone derivative with DNA: Spectroscopic,calorimetric and modeling investigations

One of the dihydropyrimidinone derivative 5-(ethoxycarbonyl)-6-methyl-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one (EMMD) was synthesized, and its binding properties with calf-thymus DNA (ctDNA) were investigated using spectroscopic, viscometric, isothermal titration calorimetric (ITC) and molecular modeling techniques. Fluorescence spectra suggested that the fluorescence enhancement of the binding interaction of EMMD to ctDNA was a static process with ground state complex formation. The binding constant determined with spectroscopic titration and ITC was found to be in the same order of 10⁴ M^?1. According to the results of the viscosity analysis, fluorescence competitive binding experiment, fluorescence quenching studies, absorption spectral and ITC investigations, it can be concluded that EMMD is intercalative binding to ctDNA. Furthermore, the results of molecular modeling confirmed those obtained from spectroscopic, viscosimetric and ITC investigations. Additionally, ITC studies also indicated that the binding interaction is predominantly enthalpy driven.     

丁二酸、1,10-菲啰啉构筑稀土配合物的合成、表征及与DNA作用的光谱学研究

首次合成丁二酸-1,10-菲啰啉稀土配合物,并运用光谱法研究配合物与DNA之间的作用机制,为新型抗癌药物的设计开发提供依据。以1,10-菲啰啉(phen)和丁二酸(SA)为配体构筑了3种稀土(La3+,Nd3+,Eu3+)配合物,采用元素分析、红外和紫外光谱及热重分析对配合物性质进行表征测试,确定其化学组成为(RE)2(SA)(phen)·2H2O(RE=La,Nd,Eu)。同时,通过光谱法探讨了这3种配合物分别与DNA作用的机理以及稀土离子种类对作用强度的影响。配合物与DNA作用时,可观察到较明显的吸收峰红移和较大的减色效应现象,同时,中性红(NR)荧光竞争实验发现配合物都能不同程度地猝灭NR-DNA体系的荧光。这3种配合物对DNA均具有较强的插入作用,作用强度为:La(Ⅲ)Nd(Ⅲ)Eu(Ⅲ)。计算了DNA与配合物的结合比、结合常数及一些热力学参数,得出DNA与Eu配合物、Nd配合物、La配合物的结合比分别为4∶1,2∶1和8∶1,Δr Gm0、Δr Sm0,表明这3种配合物与DNA之间的反应均能够自发进行,且作用是熵驱动的。     

Synthesis and Characterization of a Biologically Active Lanthanum(III)–Catechin Complex and DNA Binding Spectroscopic Studies

A lanthanum(III) complex of catechin has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, UV-Vis spectra, infrared spectra, thermal analysis, and ¹H NMR. The complex behaves as a nonelectrolyte in methanol solvent. The spectral and thermal properties of the complex are examined. A thermogravimetric (TGA) study showed the hydrated nature of the complex. ¹H NMR spectra of the lanthanum and the catechin (CT) ligands measured in CD₃OD-d₄ also show metal ligand coordination. The lanthanum–catechin complex shows bright luminescence in methanol solution. The interaction of the complex with calf thymus DNA has been investigated by absorption and emission spectroscopic measurements. Experimental spectral results suggest CT–DNA binding with catechin complex via an intercalative mode.     

Thionine Interaction to DNA: Comparative Spectroscopic Studies on Double Stranded Versus Single Stranded DNA

Interaction of thionine with double stranded and single stranded calf thymus DNA has been studied by absorbance, fluorescence, competition dialysis, circular dichroism and isothermal titration calorimetry. Binding to the native double stranded DNA conformation induced strong quenching in fluorescence spectrum of thionine. Linear Scatchard plots indicated the binding to be of one type and the affinity values evaluated to be of the order of 10⁵ M⁻¹ with double stranded DNA. Fluorescence quenching was much weaker with single stranded DNA and the binding affinity was about one order lower. Ferrocyanide quenching studies revealed that the fluorescence emission of dye molecules bound to the double stranded DNA was quenched much less compared to those bound to the single stranded DNA. Furthermore, there was significant emission polarization for the bound dye molecules and strong energy transfer from the DNA base pairs to the dye molecules indicating intercalative binding to ds DNA. Salt dependence of the binding phenomenon revealed that electrostatic forces played a significant role in the binding process. The intercalation of the dye molecules to double stranded DNA and simple stacking to single strands was proved from these fluorescence techniques. Support to the fluorescence results have been derived from absorption, circular dichroic and dialysis results. Calorimetric studies suggested that the binding to ds DNA conformation was both enthalpy and entropy favoured while that to ss DNA was predominantly entropy favoured.     

十二羰基三铁与DNA相互作用的紫外和荧光光谱研究

采用紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱等法研究了十二羰基三铁簇合物与小牛胸腺DNA的相互作用.在簇合物存在下,DNA的紫外吸收光谱产生了明显的增色效应.荧光光谱表明簇合物的荧光强度随DNA的加入其荧光强度增加,说明簇合物与DNA之间发生了插入作用.     

铜(Ⅱ)配合物与DNA作用的光谱法研究

采用紫外光谱和荧光光谱研究了配离子[Cu(A)₂]2＋(其中A=邻菲络啉(phen),联吡啶(bpy),乙二胺(en))与小牛胸腺DNA的相互作用。实验发现配合物的存在使DNA碱变性的pH增大,变性后增色效应减小。EB-DNA体系的荧光强度随[Cu(phen)₂]2＋的加入迅速减弱。在DNA存在下,配离子被猝灭剂[Fe(CN)₆]4-的发光猝灭程度减小。进一步研究了配体分子平面的大小对配合物与DNA作用的影响。结果表明,铜配合物与DNA之间发生了插入作用,且该作用随配体芳环平面的减小而减弱, 即[Cu(phen)₂]2＋＞[Cu(bpy)₂]2＋＞[Cu(en)₂]2＋。     

Interactions of Nile Blue with Micelles, Reverse Micelles and a Genomic DNA

In this contribution we report studies on the nature of binding of a small ligand/drug Nile blue (NB) with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles, bis-(2-ethylehexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT)/isooctane reverse micelles (RM) and a genomic DNA extracted from Salmon sperm. With detailed steady state and picosecond resolved optical spectroscopic techniques, we examined the fluorescence quenching of the ligand upon complexation with the SDS monomers and DNA. Polarization analyzed picosecond-resolved fluorescence measurements reveal geometrical restriction on the probe in SDS micelles, AOT-RM and DNA. Steady state and time resolved studies on the probe in nanocages of AOT RM with various degrees of hydration (w₀) reveal the existence of NB as two distinct species namely, neutral and cationic. This study confirms that the emission of NB in aqueous micelles and DNA solution is due to the cationic form of the drug. Our experiments clearly identified non-specific electrostatic and intercalative modes of interaction of the probe with the DNA at lower and higher DNA concentrations respectively. The nature of binding of NB in presence of the DNA and SDS micelles reveals that the binding affinity of the probe is higher with the micelles than with the DNA. The complex rigidity of NB with DNA and its fluorescence quenching with DNA elucidate a strong recognition mechanism between NB and DNA.     

鬼臼酰肼金属Ni(Ⅱ), Co(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ)配合物与DNA分子作用机制的研究

在pH 7.08 Tris缓冲溶液中,采用粘度测定、电子吸收光谱、凝胶电泳和溴化乙锭荧光分析法研究了鬼臼酰肼(hydrazide-podophyllic,HDPP)NiⅡ, CoⅡ, ZnⅡ金属配合物与小牛胸腺DNA的作用机制,探讨了作用模式。结果发现,当加入一定量的DNA时,配合物的电子吸收光谱的最大吸收峰产生减色效应,同时,DNA也能较大程度地猝灭配合物体系的荧光强度。配合物都能引起DNA粘度的略微增加和将超螺旋DNA切割得到缺刻DNA。所有这些研究表明配合物可能与DNA发生了相互作用,其中镍和钴配合物与DNA之间主要以插入方式相结合;而锌配合物与DNA之间的结合方式为部分插入;求出了三种鬼臼酰肼金属配合物与DNA的结合常数。     

光谱法研究橙皮素与DNA分子间的相互作用机制

以盐酸小檗碱(BR)为荧光探针,研究了鲱鱼精DNA与橙皮素的相互作用.采用荧光光谱,紫外可见吸收光谱,盐效应,Scatchard方程等手段,探讨了橙皮素与DNA的作用机制.结果表明,在生理酸度(pH=7.4)下,橙皮素对DNA-BR体系的荧光有猝灭作用,猝灭类型为静态猝灭与动态猝灭共存的模式,其作用方式为嵌插和静电作用...     

Interaction Mechanism of Trp-Arg Dipeptide with Calf Thymus DNA

The interaction between Trp-Arg dipetide (WR) and calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) in pH 7.4 Tris-HCl buffer was investigated by multi-spectroscopic techniques and molecular modeling. The fluorescence spectroscopy and UV absorption spectroscopy indicated that WR interacted with ctDNA in a minor groove binding mode and the binding constant was 4.1?×?10³. The ionic strength effect and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) quenching effect further verified the minor groove binding mode. Circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD) was employed to measure the conformation change of ctDNA in the presence of WR. The molecular modeling results illustrated that electrostatic interaction and groove binding coexisted between them and the hydrogen bond and Van der Waals were main acting forces. All the above methods can be widely used to investigate the interaction of peptide with nucleic acids, which contributes to design the structure of new and efficient drugs.

硫酸软骨素与天青A空间定向相互作用机理的研究

应用光谱法研究了天青A (AA)与硫酸软骨素 (CS)的相互作用吸收光谱 ,考察了不同AA CS摩尔比、乙醇、羟丙基 β 环糊精、TritonX 10 0以及NaCl等实验条件对AA与CS反应体系的影响。测得CS对AA的最大结合数N =15 1,结合常数K =5 2 4× 10 4 ,并且建立了AA与CS大分子空间定向相互作用的实验研究模型。实验结果表明 ,AA与CS相互作用产生的变色反应 ,不仅与AA与CS分子间的静电相互作用有关 ,而且还与CS大分子上结合态AA的密度有关。CS大分子上结合态AA分子间的疏水相互作用是形成5 5 0nm吸收峰以及产生变色反应的主要原因。     

DNA介导复合膜中[Ru(bpy)3]2+与Cu(Ⅱ)间光诱导电子转移

由于DNA与[Ru(bpy)₃]2+(bpy=2,2′-联吡啶)及Cu2+间的静电作用,用自铸膜法在铟锡氧化物(ITO)上制备了橙红色[Ru(bpy)₃]2+-DNA-Cu2+复合膜,并应用稳态和暂态荧光光谱、紫外可见光谱、荧光显微镜和扫描电镜对复合膜进行了表征和DNA介导的光诱导电子转移(PET)研究。结果表明,[Ru(bpy)₃]2+-DNA-Cu2+复合膜(摩尔比为10∶20∶1)呈现了明显的吸收特征峰(450 nm)和发射峰(λ_em=595 nm),发光呈单指数衰减,发光寿命为188.6 ns,Cu2+通过DNA介导PET机制猝灭[Ru(bpy)₃]2+发光,猝灭常数为6.94×103 L·mol-1,猝灭速率常数为3.80×1010 L·mol-1·s-1;复合膜中Cu2+摩尔比(10倍)的增大使发射峰蓝移了11 nm,吸收和发射强度衰减至消失,Cu2+通过静态猝灭机制削弱[Ru(bpy)₃]2+发光。此外,对比于溶液和复合膜中Cu2+对[Ru(bpy)₂(tatp)]2+-DNA(tatp=1,4,8,9-四氮三苯)的发光调控,Cu2+仅能因静电作用猝灭复合膜中[Ru(bpy)₃]2+的发光。     

Analytical Techniques Used to Detect DNA Binding Modes of Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Extended Phenanthroline Ring

This review describes the analytical techniques used to detect DNA-probes such as Ru(II) complexes with hetero cyclic imidazo phenanthroline (IP) ligands. Studies on drug-DNA interactions are useful biochemical techniques for visualization of DNA both in vitro and in vivo. The interactions of small molecules that binds to DNA are mainly classified into two major classes, one involving covalent binding and another non-covalent binding. Covalent binding in DNA can be irreversible and may leads to inhibition of all DNA processes which subsequently leads to cell death. Usually, covalent interactions leads to permanent changes in the structure of nucleic acids. The non-covalent interaction of molecules with DNA can be due to electrostatic interaction, intercalation and groove binding. These interactions of DNA probes can be explored by various spectroscopic techniques viz. UV–visible, emission, emission quenching spectroscopy, viscosity and thermal denaturation measurements.