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应用Monte-Carlo研究给出羊八井ARGO(AstrophysicalRadiationwithGround-basedObservatory)实验的角分辨能力.采用Whipple实验给出的蟹状星云(CrabNebula)TeV能区的微分流强参量,对3种统计显著性的方法进行了比较,研究表明:以信号和本底的似然比为权重的加权方法能够给出最优化的结果.在没有考虑γ/p鉴别能力的条件下,ARGO实验运行一年能够观测到来自Crab源累计超出平均可达18σ显著水平,以5σ为标准,实验可达到小于0.3Icrab的灵敏度. 相似文献
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采用巨正则蒙特卡罗方法(GCMC)研究了单壁氮化硼纳米管(SWBNNTs)和单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)的物理吸附储氢性能,主要对比研究了纳米管的管径、温度和手性对二者物理吸附储氢量的影响. 研究结果表明:在低温下,SWBNNTs的物理吸附储氢性能优于相应的SWCNTs;但是随着温度的升高,二者的物理吸附储氢性能差别越来越小,在常温下,SWBNNTs不具备有比SWCNTs更强的物理吸附储氢性能,而是和相同条件下的SWCNTs相差不大,只是在高压下的物理吸附储氢量稍稍大于SWCNTs,并给出了合理的理论解释
关键词:
巨正则蒙特卡罗方法(GCMC)
单壁氮化硼纳米管(SWBNNTs)
单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)
储氢 相似文献
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希格斯机制引入基本粒子物理的标准模型,解决了规范对称性自发破缺和粒子质量起源的问题,希格斯粒子成为粒子物理实验的最重要寻找目标。2012年大型强子对撞机(LHC)上的环状螺线管(ATLAS)和紧凑缪子螺线管(CMS)两个实验,分别以超过5倍标准偏差的统计显著性发现了与希格斯粒子性质一致的新粒子。 相似文献
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物理防治突破了作物病虫害防治的传统理念和农业生产模式,减少了化学农药的使用,是保证粮食安全和提高农产品质量的重要举措,对生态环境的良性循环具有重要意义.本文介绍了光、电、磁、声等物理植保技术防治病虫害的机理,综述了光、电、磁、声、温度等现代物理技术在作物病虫害综合防治中的应用研究进展,分析了作物病虫害物理防治的不足,展望了现代物理植保技术在病虫害防治中的应用前景,提出了几点建设性意见,以期为现代物理植保技术在病虫害综合治理(IPM)研究及应用中提供参考,实现农业可持续发展. 相似文献
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恒星大气物理参量(有效温度、表面重力、化学丰度)是导致恒星光谱差异的主要因素。恒星大气物理参量的自动测量是LAMOST等大规模巡天望远镜所产生的海量天体光谱数据自动处理中一个重要研究内容。文章采用两种非线性核回归方法对低分辨率恒星光谱进行3个物理参量的自动估计:核最小二乘回归(KLSR),核PCA回归(KPCR)。实验表明:(1)KLSR与KPCR可以实现光谱到表面有效温度和表面重力的回归,但是KLSR对噪声敏感,KPCR鲁棒性好于前者;(2)对于温度参数估计,两种算法具有相近的估计效果;对于表面重力和化学丰度估计,KPCR优于KLSR和非参数回归方法;(3)KLSR与KPCR方法实现容易,模型的训练速度快,运算复杂度小,适用于恒星光谱物理参量的自动测量。 相似文献
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宇宙线对地球气候的影响 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
对宇宙线影响地球气候的一些观测结果和物理机制的研究进行了总结和概述,主要讨论了宇宙线对大气中化学反应、云形成过程等的影响,并给出了羊八井宇宙线观测站对宇宙线流强和大气参量日变化的初步观测结果. 相似文献
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LHC(large hadron collider)是目前世界上能量最高的强子对撞机.CMS(compact muon solenoid,中文译名是紧凑型缪子螺线管探测器)是LHC上的主要实验计划之一,其目标就是要寻找Higgs粒子或者超出标准模型的其他新粒子,探清自然界的电弱破缺机制,以及寻找暗物质.CMS实验位于高能量和高亮度的最前沿,是21世纪初人类认识微观世界最重要的物理实验之一.中国参加了这项国际合作,制作了部分μ子探测器、磁铁支架、电子学和地板等,目前转入物理研究工作,争取在物理研究中作出有显示度的贡献.文章简要介绍了CMS探测器以及CMS实验的目标和意义. 相似文献
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提出了一种具有部分反射特性和吸波特性的共享孔径人工电磁媒质(shared aperture metamaterial, SA-MTM).该媒质由上层斜十字金属图案加载集总电阻的吸波表面、下层开条带缝隙金属面的部分反射表面以及中间介质层构成, 吸波表面和部分反射表面在垂直维度上共享了一个物理孔径使该媒质同时实现了吸波特性和部分反射特性.将SA-MTM与天线一体化设计, 利用SA-MTM的部分反射表面和天线表面构成的法布里-珀罗(Fabry-Perot, F-P)谐振腔提升天线的增益, 利用SA-MTM的吸波表面吸收入射电磁波实现低雷达散射截面(radar section cross, RCS)天线的设计.仿真和实验结果表明, SA-MTM 的加载使天线的前向增益在5.57–5.94 GHz 的工作带宽范围内都提升了3 dB以上, 且天线的后向RCS在2–9 GHz范围内都有明显的减缩.该研究成果克服了天线辐射性能和散射性能无法兼顾的矛盾, 对高增益低RCS天线的设计具有重要的指导意义. 相似文献
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I. N. Izosimov 《Laser Physics》2007,17(5):755-759
Nuclear excitation by an electron transition (NEET) may be used for triggering the decay of nuclear isomers only when there are compensations between energies (ΔE) and multipolarities (ΔL) of the nuclear transition and the transition in an electron shell. It is shown that using the autoionization states (AS) allows one to compensate for the ΔE and ΔL differences. Laser radiation may be used for the excitation of AS with energies up to 10–15 eV and 229m Th (3.5 eV) nuclear isomer excitation by NEET via AS decay. Ion beams, electron beams, and X rays may be used for the excitation of the trigger nuclear levels with energies up to 150 keV by NEET via AS and for the triggering of the nuclear isomer decay. For excitation of AS with the energies up to 150 keV, two or more hole states in deep inner electron shells must be excited. The cross section for such two-hole state excitation in electron shells by ion beams may be sufficiently high. The possibilities of NEET via AS for the triggering of nuclear isomer decay are discussed. 相似文献
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LDL氧化修饰是致动脉粥样硬化的关键性因素。其中,在氧化修饰过程中LDL所含脂类、蛋白及其光谱学性质均会受到影响。前期研究结果发现丁香对LDL氧化修饰具有很强的抑制作用。但是,丁香是否是通过抑制脂类及蛋白氧化来实现,以及丁香是否能抑制LDL氧化修饰后光谱学性质的改变,这些问题目前均不清楚。据此,运用紫外吸收光谱、荧光光谱等方法研究了丁香有效部位(effective fraction from clove,EFC)对LDL氧化修饰的抑制效果。研究结果表明,EFC能有效延缓脂质氧化过程中共轭二烯(CD)增殖及推后其达到最大值,并抑制胆固醇降解;也可抑制蛋白组分apoB100中Trp荧光猝灭及Lys氧化修饰和荧光光谱变化;同时也能抑制LDL中脂质与蛋白过氧化产物-脂褐素的生成;此外,该部位对LDL 氧化修饰过程中紫外-可见光谱学特征的改变也有影响。论文将为丁香抗AS功能食品研发提供参考。 相似文献
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研究了超高压处理对枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis AS 1.140)超微结构的影响,探讨其营养体以及芽孢的灭活机制。在经过500 MPa、60 ℃下保温保压20 min超高压处理后,采用透射电子显微镜进行观察,比较处理前后超微结构的变化。观察结果表明:超高压处理后,枯草芽孢杆菌的营养体细胞壁皱缩、出现缺口,胞浆泄漏、结构层次感消失、出现大片透电子区;其芽孢外壳被破坏、出现缺口,芽孢内含物结构紊乱、泄漏、出现部分透电子区;甚至内含物质完全泄漏,出现细胞壁或孢子外壳残留。 相似文献
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Background
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by selective degeneration of motor neurons. The gene encoding Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is responsible for 20% of familial ALS cases. Growth hormone (GH) concentrations are low in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with ALS; however, its association with motoneuronal death is not known. We tested the neuroprotective effects of GH on human SOD-1-expressing cultured motor neurons and SOD1G93A transgenic mice.Results
In cultured motor neurons, cytotoxicity was induced by , GNSO, or homocysteine, and the effects of GH were determined by MTT, bax, PARP cleavage pattern, Hoechst nuclear staining, MAPK, and PI3K assay. In SOD-1 transgenic mice, rotarod motor performance was evaluated. Survival analysis of motoneuronal loss was done using cresyl violet, GFAP, and Bcl-2 staining. GH prevents motorneuronal death caused by GSNO and homocysteine, but not that by A23187. It activates MAPK and PI3K. GH-treated mice showed prolonged survival with improved motor performance and weight loss. GH decreased cresyl violet positive motoneuronal loss with strong Bcl-2 and less GFAP immunoreactivity. A23187Conclusions
Our results demonstrate that GH has a protective effect on mutant SOD-1-expressing motor neurons. 相似文献19.
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Jon Urteaga Elisabete Aramendi Andoni Elola Unai Irusta Ahamed Idris 《Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,23(7)
Pulseless electrical activity (PEA) is characterized by the disassociation of the mechanical and electrical activity of the heart and appears as the initial rhythm in 20–30% of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) cases. Predicting whether a patient in PEA will convert to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is important because different therapeutic strategies are needed depending on the type of PEA. The aim of this study was to develop a machine learning model to differentiate PEA with unfavorable (unPEA) and favorable (faPEA) evolution to ROSC. An OHCA dataset of 1921 PEA signal segments from defibrillator files was used, 703 faPEA segments from 107 patients with ROSC and 1218 unPEA segments from 153 patients with no ROSC. The solution consisted of a signal-processing stage of the ECG and the thoracic impedance (TI) and the extraction of the TI circulation component (ICC), which is associated with ventricular wall movement. Then, a set of 17 features was obtained from the ECG and ICC signals, and a random forest classifier was used to differentiate faPEA from unPEA. All models were trained and tested using patientwise and stratified 10-fold cross-validation partitions. The best model showed a median (interquartile range) area under the curve (AUC) of and a balance accuracy of , improving the previously available solutions at more than four points in the AUC and three points in balanced accuracy. It was demonstrated that the evolution of PEA can be predicted using the ECG and TI signals, opening the possibility of targeted PEA treatment in OHCA. 相似文献