兰州重离子加速器腔体反馈电缆漂移的补偿方法

理论分析了兰州重离子加速器腔体的低电平稳定系统中各传输通道对腔体的长期稳定度的影响，根据现有低电平稳定系统的实际情况，提出了用附加测试电缆来补偿反馈电缆漂移的方法。测试了环境温度的变化对电缆在实施补偿前后的相位与损耗的影响，测试结果表明:采用电缆补偿后的长期相位稳定度可以降低到原来的1/50，长期幅度漂移可以最少降低到原来的1/10。     

带状注速调管高频结构的初步研究

 利用3维软件设计并模拟了适用于X波段高功率带状注速调管的“Ⅱ”形谐振腔，根据模拟结果分析了腔体各尺寸对电场均匀性的影响；建立了平面对称结构的3维高频互作用系统模拟平台，应用此平台讨论了扼流器法和漂移管窄壁开槽法这两种抑制漂移管中非工作模式的方法；分析了漂移管的尺寸及漂移头对谐振腔内场分布的影响。研究表明：波导高度、耦合腔宽度和高度对带状注速调管谐振腔间隙的电场均匀性影响较大；而波导长度和宽度、耦合腔长度对该电场均匀性影响不大；腔体连接处加上漂移头可使场分布更加集中；该型带状注速调管谐振腔能够产生均匀的电场，为提高注波互作用效率奠定了基础。     

低频加热合成金刚石的时间温场

 在高温高压下合成金刚石，工频加热与低频加热合成效果不同。工频加热是向腔体恒热量输入，在腔体中形成空间温场；低频加热是脉冲式向腔体输入热量，在腔体中既形成空间温场又形成时间温场。用时间温场解释了一些实验现象和结果。     

离子源注入型IH加速腔冷测与调谐

离子源注入型IH加速器有望发展成为一种紧凑型低功耗离子加速器,为有效验证该加速结构的束流俘获效率,中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所设计了一套将质子束从0.04 MeV加速到2.0 MeV的IH加速腔。目前已经完成了该腔的腔体加工,开展了高频参数冷测及腔体调谐研究。通过漂移管调谐和电感调谐,减小了腔体的频率误差和加速电压分布误差。模拟计算实测电场下腔体的束流俘获效率,由调谐前的16%提高到调谐后的34%。冷测调谐结果表明,该加速腔的各项参数达到设计值,具备进行功率测试和束流测试的条件。     

S波段相对论速调管放大器输入腔的3维分析与模拟

 利用3维软件设计了适用于S波段相对论速调管放大器的单重入输入腔,该腔体采用了偏心设计,以便减小耦合孔处的不均匀场对腔间隙场的影响,分析了腔体耦合孔尺寸对腔间隙场均匀性的影响;建立了带输入波导结构的3维输入腔开放腔模型,并应用此模型,采用3维PIC程序模拟了注入微波功率、束直流对输入腔间隙后束流调制的影响。研究结果表明：耦合孔尺寸对腔间隙电场均匀性影响较大,当耦合孔离轴越近时,腔间隙场越不均匀;在结构参数和束参数固定的条件下,基波电流调制深度随着间隙电压的增加而增加,但达到最大基波调制电流的漂移距离几乎不变;在结构参数和注入微波参数固定的条件下,束直流越大,达到最大基波调制电流所需的漂移距离越短。研究结果为腔体的设计和输入腔束流调制实验提供了参考依据。     

多注速调管双重入式谐振腔的解析计算与仿真

 发展了一种计算多注速调管双重入式谐振腔的计算方法。根据场的等效原理将（模型等效后）腔体划分为二个规则区域，每个区域上的场由公共界面上的虚设磁流所激发。利用格林函数积分法可求得各场的分布，由相邻区域公共边界场的匹配条件得到场匹配方程，从而求解出腔体谐振频率，并采用微扰法对计算数据予以修正,同时可得到腔体另一重要参数特性阻抗。另外使用HFSS软件仿真腔体，并给出计算、仿真、实测数据比较。     

两台联动转镜式高速相机像漂移分析

 讨论了两台联动转镜式高速相机像漂移的各种原因，从理论和实验对相机像漂移的影响因素进行了分析，比如磁电式传感器、材料、制作工艺、装配精度及操作不当等。并针对这些影响因素，提出了解决像漂移的技术措施，通过实验证明了改进效果。     

HIRFL新B1聚束器冷却系统设计

在利用 MAFIA程序计算得到的新 B1聚束器腔体表面电流分布的基础上 ,提出了新 B1聚束器的冷却方案 ,并计算了水流及水管表面的电流分布 ,得到了冷却所需要的流量。最后估计了由于工作温度的升高所引起的并联阻抗的减小及频率的漂移。     

有限积分理论(FIT)及其在腔体计算中的应用

 通过介绍麦克斯韦方程的离散过程，简单介绍了有限积分理论（Finite Integration Theory）。该理论直接以电场强度和磁感应强度为未知量，采用两套互相正交的网格，将场矢量离散为不同网格点上的一系列分量，将矢量积分方程转化为一组线性方程组。通过对SFC高频腔体模拟的实例，可以看出，此方法在腔体本征频率、Q值及腔体并联阻抗等腔体参数计算中具有叫高的精度，说明了基于FIT的MAFIA程序在腔体模拟中的可靠性。     

静电放电电磁场与金属腔体孔缝耦合的数值研究

 用时域有限差分方法研究了静电放电火化产生的电磁场在其近场区域与带孔缝金属腔体的耦合问题，基于修正的静电放电火化偶极子模型和脉冲函数放电电流解析表达式，建立了耦合数值模型，经过计算分析表明，腔体内孔缝周围分布着比较强的静电感应场，而耦合进腔体的瞬变场可以使腔体发生TE₁₀₁模为主的腔体谐振，但谐振幅度不大。     

RF超导腔低温测量原理

本文依据能量守恒,就RF超导腔低温测量方法和原理进行了推敲.指出:由于在超导腔中存在场致电子发射(FE)效应,高功率腔和低功率腔在测量方法上是有区别的.并系统地推导了获得超导腔物理参数,比如空载Q₀、最大表面电场和最大加速梯度等的准确公式.     

Stability of slender axisymmetric ventilated cavities closing on cylindrical hulls

Analytical formulae were proposed to estimate the stability of slender axisymmetric ventilated cavities, which allow calculating the dependences of the critical cavitation number versus vapor cavitation number both for the disc and the slender cavitators. These formulae were applied to calculate the stability curves for different radii of the conical hulls located inside the cavity and different shapes of the cavitator, Froude numbers and directions of the ambient flow.     

流动激光非稳定振荡器,放大器基本特性比较分析

根据流动激光腔中流动的非平衡混合气体各能态布居数和强辐射相互作用达到稳定振荡的过程和相应的三维分布状态的数值模拟计算结果,发展了相应的振荡器和放大器基本特性的简化计算公式.其计算结果与多种器件、多种腔体的实测结果相符.具体比较分析了流动激光振荡器与放大器的基本特性,得到一些基本原则,为相应器件的优化设计提供理论依据.     

Acoustoelasticity: General theory,acoustic natural modes and forced response to sinusoidal excitation,including comparisons with experiment

A comprehensive theoretical model has been developed for interior sound fields which are created by flexible wall motion resulting from exterior sound fields. Full coupling between the wall and interior acoustic cavity is permitted. An efficient computational method is used to determine acoustic natural frequencies of multiply connected cavities. Simplified formulae are developed for interior sound levels in terms of cavity, wall and external acoustic field parameters. Comparisons of theory and experiment show generally good agreement.     

横流放电CO2激光的理论分析

本文提出了横流放电CO₂激光器的理论分析模型,导出了稳态发射的基本方程式,得到与熟知的非流动稳态增益饱和及功率理论相同的简单解析关系式。关系式包含了流动效应及光腔上游泵浦效应的修正项。根据强度沿流动方向变化的分析,求得饱和强度等参量在提高流速时的极限值。本文分析为文献[1—3]建议的选择平均增益系数并利用非流动稳态关系计算流动激光器特性的半经验方案提供了理论证明,同时将文献[4]提出的流动激光器的定性分析发展为定量计算。由于本文公式的简单性与非流动情况一样,因而本理论能够取代半经验方案。 关键词：     

Quantum discord dynamics of two qubits in single-mode cavities

The dynamics of quantum discord for two identical qubits in two independent single-mode cavities and a common single-mode cavity are discussed. For the initial Bell state with correlated spins, while the entanglement sudden death can occur, the quantum discord vanishes only at discrete moments in the independent cavities and never vanishes in the common cavity. Interestingly, quantum discord and entanglement show opposite behavior in the common cavity, unlike in the independent cavities. For the initial Bell state with anti-correlated spins, quantum discord and entanglement behave in the same way for both independent cavities and a common cavity. It is found that the detunings always stabilize the quantum discord.     

On the radiation from small particles

The laws of equilibrium radiation within cavities and from surfaces of bodies must be recast when the cavity or body dimension is of the same order as the wavelength being considered. New formulae for the Planck function, the Wien displacement law, and the Stefan-Boltzmann law for small spherical particles are presented in this paper in terms of the three independent variables temperature, wavelength, and diameter. The most significant element of the formulation for black particles is that radiant emission, or absorption, is not permitted at wavelengths greater than √2π times the particle diameter.     

Čech cocycles for characteristic classes

We give general formulae for explicit ech cocycles representing characteristic classes of real and complex vector bundles, as well as for cocycles representing Chern-Simons classes of bundles with arbitrary connections. Our formulae involve integrating differential forms over moving simplices inside homogeneous spaces. An important feature of our cocycles is that they take integer values (as opposed to real or rational values). We find in particular a formula for the instanton number of a connection over a closed four-manifold with arbitrary structure group. For flat connections, our formulae recover and generalize those of Cheeger and Simons. The methods of this paper apply also to the purely geometric construction of the Quillen line bundle with its metric.The first author was supported in part by N.S.F. grant DMS-9203517.The second author was supported in part by N.S.F. grant DMS-9310433.     

Singularities in the lineshape of a second-order perturbed quadrupolar nucleus. The magic-angle spinning case

For a nucleus with a half-integral spin and a strong quadrupole coupling, the central transition (from magnetic quantum number −1/2 to +1/2) in the spectrum shows a characteristic lineshape. By strong coupling, we mean an interaction strong enough so that second-order perturbation theory is needed, yet still sufficient. The spectrum of a static sample is well-known and the magic-angle-spinning (MAS spectrum) is different, but still can be calculated. The important features of both these spectra are singularities and steps in the lineshape, since these are the main tools in fitting the calculated spectrum to experimental data. A useful tool in this investigation is a plot of the frequency as a function of orientation over the surface of the unit sphere. These plots have maxima, minima and saddle points, and these correspond to the features of the spectrum. We used these plots to define both the positions and derive new formulae for the heights of the features and we now extend this to the magic-angle spinning case. For the first time, we identify the orientations corresponding to the features of the MAS spectra and derive formulae for the heights. We then compare the static and MAS cases and show the relationships between the features in the two spectra.     

射频超导腔加速性能的改进

 为提高超导加速腔的加速梯度和Q值，改进了薄膜型超导腔的加速性能。研究证明，对于铜铌溅射腔，在无氧铜衬底和铌膜之间加入NbN 层可以提高铌膜的超导转变温度，改善晶格结构；对纯铌超导腔提出了改进方法，在传统的纯铌超导腔表面制备多层的超导-绝缘-超导复合膜可以屏蔽Nb腔表面的界面场，提高超导腔的临界磁场，从而提高了铌腔的加速梯度。