二维三温辐射流体力学拉氏计算中的子网格压力方法

研究对应于电子压、离子压、光子压的扰动隅角力的计算方法,提出二维三温辐射流体力学拉氏计算中的两种子网格压力方法,即基于状态方程和基于几何的方法.数值试验表明,这两种方法均能很好地抑制二维三温辐射流体力学拉氏计算中出现的网格非物理畸变.     

拉氏数值模拟中的人工粘性方法

较好的人工粘性需要满足较小的计算开销、不能去除真实具有的涡运动等条件.提出一种应用于拉氏数值模拟中基于Lew人工粘性,同时增加了限制器的人工粘性方法.可以有效减少数值模拟结果对网格的依赖;采用特征值限制器控制施加的人工粘性大小,通过限制器能够区分激波压缩和等熵压缩;方便应用在二维、三维,结构网格或者非结构网格上.     

钨丝阵等离子体Z箍缩的数值模拟

采用二维三温磁流体力学模型，模拟了“强光一号”加速器上钨丝阵箍缩实验.给出了等离子体密度和温度时空分布的特点，分析了磁场以及电流密度的演化，计算出的x射线功率随时间变化与实测结果基本相符.计算结果为等离子体的诊断提供了有用的信息.此外，还讨论了Z箍缩辐射磁流体力学数值模拟中的相关参数和数值方法问题. 关键词： 钨丝阵 Z箍缩 数值模拟     

Kr喷气箍缩等离子体的数值研究

 探讨了Z箍缩等离子体辐射磁流体模拟二维三温物理模型及其数值计算方法，针对“强光一号”加速器上Kr喷气实验的具体条件，利用辐射磁流体力学程序Z-pinch 2D-DG模拟了Kr喷气等离子体聚爆过程，分析了X射线辐射的特点，给出了等离子体密度和温度的演化图像以及喷气箍缩中一些带有普遍性的结论。     

激光-钨靶耦合效应的二维模拟研究

利用二维ESCL-CASTOR磁流体力学三温激光靶程序,对激光-钨靶进行了计算机模拟研究。得到了密度、温度(T_e,T_i,T_R)和速度的空间分布以及随时间的变化规律;特别是得到了临界面的运动规律、辐射谱和X光转换效率等结果,并与实验结果进行了比较。     

基于Z箍缩装置的实验室天体物理研究

大型高功率脉冲装置广泛应用于高能量密度物理的实验室中,随着诊断技术和流体力学模拟技术水平的提高,基于此类装置,实验室天体物理方向取得一些新的重要进展,文章主要介绍帝国理工大学Z箍缩结构的MAGPIE脉冲功率装置上开展的关于磁重联和喷流的实验进展,在磁重联实验中,发现重联电流片中电子温度和离子温度远高于入流等离子体的温度,必然有其他效应导致电子和离子的异常高温;喷流实验中观察到弓形激波和锥形激波的产生。最后对Z箍缩装置实验室天体物理学的未来发展做一些展望。     

基于第二粘性的Navier-Stokes方程组求解正激波结构

为考察气体第二粘性（体积粘性）对正激波内部流动的影响机制，数值求解含第二粘性的一维Navier-Stokes方程组.结果表明：第二粘性对激波内部的密度、热流和能量分布等物理量具有抹平效应，导致热流和熵流的峰值减小、激波厚度增加，体积粘性耗散的增加使得一部分机械能转化为内能；考虑第二粘性所计算的密度分布和激波厚度大为改善，与实验数据吻合较好；当马赫数为1.2≤Ma≤10，激波内部的Knudsen数满足0.12≤Kn≤0.4，对于马赫数Ma≤4.0的激波内部流动，考虑第二粘性的连续流Navier-Stokes方程组能够准确地模拟正激波结构.     

气体体积粘性对二维环形激波聚焦的影响

基于体积粘性系数ζ的分子运动论和连续介质理论,对二维环形激波聚焦（马赫数Ma=2.0）的体积粘性效应进行数值研究,结果表明：对于热完全气体,体积粘性使得激波汇聚中心点处的压力减小、温度增加、密度减小,聚焦点物理参数的改变量分别可达20%、10%、30%,体积粘性效应对环形激波聚焦的影响是不可忽略的;与转动模态相比,在振动模态下环形激波聚焦的体积粘性效应更为明显,因为激波聚焦点附近的体积粘性应力ζ▽·V与热力学压力p达到同一数量级,从而显著改变了流动参数.     

铝丝阵Z箍缩辐射产生机理初步研究

利用一维非平衡辐射磁流体力学程序研究了铝丝阵内爆过程中的能量转化规律和辐射产生机理.细致讨论了Z箍缩过程中脉冲功率驱动器电磁能馈入等离子体,等离子体动能转化为内能以及通过一系列原子过程电子内能转化为X射线辐射的能量转化机理.结合离子布居信息深入分析了Z箍缩过程中的辐射产生机理.结果表明,在内爆压缩阶段,电离和激发过程占优,线辐射占据总辐射的绝大部分.在滞止时,离子大都处于裸核离化度,连续谱辐射达到峰值.在滞止附近,线辐射出现两个峰值.在膨胀过程中,光电复合过程优于三体复合,线辐射占总辐射的份额逐渐下降.     

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从Lagrange观点出发,采用分裂格式法求解一维辐射流体力学方程组中的三温方程,用于紧凑等离子体环与靶碰撞产生的X射线辐射的数值模拟研究。提出了求解电子、离子、辐射场三温相脱离的能量方程的隐式差分格式,介绍了能量交换项与压力做功及热传导项分开计算的分裂格式方法,数值模拟得到了其对温度变化的影响。     

水下爆炸冲击波数值仿真研究

由于在水下爆炸冲击波的数值仿真研究中,水的状态方程、人工黏性系数和网格尺寸对数值计算结果影响很大,采用常规TNT炸药的水下爆炸为例,以冲击波的峰值压力和比冲量为衡量指标,研究了这3个主要影响因素对数值仿真结果的影响。首先,通过采用常用的5种水的状态方程进行系列仿真,给出了各种状态方程的适用范围;其次,讨论了人工黏性系数对计算结果的影响,并给出了一次与二次人工黏性系数的建议取值范围;最后,通过对不同炸药当量及不同网格尺寸开展系列运算,从而得到不同炸药当量在满足工程计算精度要求下所对应的建议网格尺寸,并得到了不同炸药当量所对应的建议网格尺寸的表达式。     

飞片加载产生正弦冲击波及其波阵面演化模拟

飞片加载冲击波小扰动实验方法是目前测量高温高压下物质粘性的实用方法之一针对飞片碰撞小扰动实验,采用二维Navier-Stokes方程的差分方法,研究了金属铝中复杂压力流场的演化过程,给出了这类特定冲击波流场中正弦形扰动振幅振荡衰减特性与粘性系数之间的定量关系.结果表明:数值解比以往用于分析冲击波小扰动实验的解析解结果更...     

Ion and electron heating characteristics of magnetic reconnection in a two flux loop merging experiment

Characteristics of the high-power reconnection heating were measured for the first time directly by two-dimensional measurements of ion and electron temperatures. While electrons are heated mainly inside the current sheet by the Ohmic heating power, ions are heated mainly by fast shock or viscosity damping of the reconnection outflow in the two downstream areas. The magnetic reconnection converts the energy of reconnecting magnetic field B(p) mostly to the ion thermal energy, indicating that the reconnection heating energy is proportional to B(p)(2).     

数值模拟辐射驱动2维内爆压缩过程

采用2维三温非平衡辐射流体力学程序LARED-H数值模拟辐射驱动内爆过程。针对2维三温能量方程九点差分格式离散后的线性方程组,采用了高效的Krysolv子空间迭代解法,改进了代数解法器。将1维间接驱动内爆总体程序CFJ与LARED-H程序的计算结果进行比对,验证了LARED-H程序数值模拟1维内爆问题的正确性。并数值模拟了不同腔长辐射温度源驱动下的2维靶球运动,数值结果显示:随着腔长的增加,高压缩内爆燃料区分别被压缩成香肠形、球形和铁饼形,数值模拟结果与神光Ⅱ的实验结果定性上相同。     

A tensor artificial viscosity using a finite element approach

We derive a tensor artificial viscosity suitable for use in a 2D or 3D unstructured arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) hydrodynamics code. This work is similar in nature to that of Campbell and Shashkov [1]; however, our approach is based on a finite element discretization that is fundamentally different from the mimetic finite difference framework. The finite element point of view leads to novel insights as well as improved numerical results. We begin with a generalized tensor version of the Von Neumann–Richtmyer artificial viscosity, then convert it to a variational formulation and apply a Galerkin discretization process using high order Gaussian quadrature to obtain a generalized nodal force term and corresponding zonal heating (or shock entropy) term. This technique is modular and is therefore suitable for coupling to a traditional staggered grid discretization of the momentum and energy conservation laws; however, we motivate the use of such finite element approaches for discretizing each term in the Euler equations. We review the key properties that any artificial viscosity must possess and use these to formulate specific constraints on the total artificial viscosity force term as well as the artificial viscosity coefficient. We also show, that under certain simplifying assumptions, the two-dimensional scheme from [1] can be viewed as an under-integrated version of our finite element method. This equivalence holds on general distorted quadrilateral grids. Finally, we present computational results on some standard shock hydro test problems, as well as some more challenging problems, indicating the advantages of the new approach with respect to symmetry preservation for shock wave propagation over general grids.     

High strain rate response of an elastomer

Abstract

Plate impact experiments have been performed to examine the high strain rate response of an elastomer (explosive binder) shocked to 8 kbar stress. Particle velocity data have been obtained using in-material electromagnetic velocity gauges. Normal impact experiments have provided compression and release wave velocities and stress-strain results; ramp wave experiments indicate that the elastomer response is independent of loading rate; inclined plate impact measurements show that the material does not support any shear even at these strain rates. Additionally, numerical simulations have been performed to show that shock propagation in viscous fluids canbe simulated without artificial viscosity but by using the material viscosity in the constitutive relations. Such simulations will be useful in obtaining material viscosities from the measured wave profiles.     

Planar and non-planar ion acoustic shock waves in electron-positron-ion plasmas

Ion acoustic shock waves (IASW's) are studied in an unmagnetized plasma consisting of electrons, positrons and adiabatically hot positive ions. This is done by deriving the Kortweg-deVries-Burger (KdVB) equation under the small amplitude perturbation expansion method. The dissipation is introduced by taking into account the kinematic viscosity among the plasma constituents. It is found that the strength of ion acoustic shock wave is maximum for spherical, intermediate for cylindrical, and minimum for planar geometry. It is observed that the positron concentration, ratio of ion to electron temperature, and the plasma kinematic viscosity significantly modifies the shock structure. Finally, it is found that the temporal evolution of the non-planar IASW's is quite different by comparison with the planar geometry. The relevance of the present study with regard to the dense astrophysical environments is also pointed out.