On the correspondence between three nodes W states in quantum network theory and the oriented links in knot theory

The GHZ states and W states are two fundamental types of three qubits quantum entangled states. For finding the knotted pictures of three nodes W states, on the one side, we empty any one node, thus obtaining three degenerated twonode W states, then we find the nonzero submatrix of the corresponding covariance correlation tensor in quantum network theory. On the other side, excepting the linkage 41 corresponding to Bell bases, we conjecture that the another one possible oriented link(which is composed of two-component knots entangled with each other and has four crossings) would be the required knotted pictures of the two nodes W states, thence obtain the nonzero submatrix of the Alexander relation matrix in the theory of knot crystals for these knotted pictures. The equality of the two nonzero submatrices of different kinds thus verify the exactness of our conjecture. The superposition of three knotted pictures of two-node W states from different choices of the emptied node gives the knotted pictures of three-node W states, thus shows the correspondence between three-node W states in quantum network theory and the oriented links in knot theory. Finally we point out that there is an intimate and simple relationship between the knotted pictures of GHZ states and W states.     

量子体系演化的几何相位

量子体系在演化过程中,其状态的时间演化因子除众所周知的由系统能谱决定的动力学相位因子外,还会出现与系统演化路径有关的几何相位因子即Berry相位因子。几何相位的存在已为大量实验所证实,在理论上,已确定了其数学基础是纤维丛理论,并发现它与规范场有某些联系。本文评述了有关几何相位研究工作的进展。     

四川瓜蒌具钙拮抗作用化学成分的光谱研究(Ⅱ)

瓜蒌皮系葫芦科植物瓜蒌（Trichosanthese)的干燥成熟果皮，为常用中药，具清热涤痰、宽胸散结、润燥肠之功效，用于肺热咳嗽、胸痹心痛、乳痛肺痛、大便秘结等。瓜蒌皮重在清热化痰、利气宽胸。文献报道^[1]它还具有抗癌、抗细菌和真菌的作用。但瓜蒌皮在钙拮抗作用方法的研究未见报道，我们在这方面作了一些工作，对瓜蒌皮的分离物进行了成分的测试，对其结果进行了分析讨论。     

孔型立轧过程的三维刚塑性有限元分析

采用三维刚塑性有限元法对２Ｓ－Ａｌ板孔型立轧稳态过程进行了分析和比较，所得轧件断面形状，轧制力及轧制力矩与文献「１」的实验结果吻合很好，计算精度有所提高。     

V掺杂二维MoS_2体系气体吸附性能的第一性原理研究

以芥子气和沙林为代表的毒剂具有毒性强、扩散快的特点,是一类杀伤力强、难以防护的化学战剂,对其快速高效检测是一项具有挑战性的课题.本文基于第一性原理计算方法研究了V掺杂对二维MoS_2气敏性能影响的机理,发现V原子向二维MoS_2的掺杂过程为自发的放热反应, V原子可以稳定掺杂于二维MoS_2超胞结构中的S空位上.掺杂进入二维MoS_2体系的V原子作为施主中心向周围Mo原子给出电子,从而提高了材料的导电能力.吸附能、吸附距离和吸附过程中的电子转移计算结果表明V的掺杂提高了二维MoS_2对气体分子的吸附能力,增强了吸附质分子与基底表面的电子相互作用,从而提高了二维MoS_2的气敏性能.     

Knotted pictures of the GHZ states on the surface of a trivial torus

By means of the torus knot theory method, this paper presents the complete process of obtaining the knotted pictures of eight GHZ states on the surface of a trivial torus from the knotted pictures of eight basic three-qubit states on the surface of a trivial torus. Thus, we obtain eight knotted pictures 121 linkage on the ordinary plane.     

Au/Au同质结的高压水热合成及其光学性能研究

本文通过水热法合成了Au和Au/Au同质结纳米粒子,并用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和紫外可见吸收(UV-vis)光谱对所合成的单分散Au纳米粒子和Au/Au同质结纳米粒子进行了表征。我们的研究发现,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)在Au/Au同质结纳米粒子的合成中起着非常重要的作用,改变CTAB的加入量,Au纳米粒子由单分散Au纳米粒子变成Au/Au同质结纳米粒子。     

金纳米粒子的二维组装与表面增强拉曼散射研究

金纳米粒子的二维组装与表面增强拉曼散射研究朱涛王健符小艺张续刘忠范（北京大学化学与分子工程学院智能材料研究中心北京１００８７１）Ｔｗｏ┐ＤｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌＧｏｌｄＮａｎｏｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅＡｓｅｍｂｌｉｅｓａｓＡｃｔｉｖｅＳｕｂｓｔｒａｔｅｓｆｏ...     

中子的发现

文章回顾了中子发现以前关于中子存在的假说，科学家们因无“目的”探索而错失良机；介绍了查德威克发现中子的过程以及这一伟大发现的深远意义．