双元场和光子的波动方程

把电场和磁场组合成双元场，用来表示光子的状态，使得光子的波动方程成为一阶导数型的。该方程既具备宇称变换下的协变性，也体现出电和磁间的对称性，且保持了态函数的统计诠释，文中给出了光子的一些常用算符，并分别在P和H，Pz,Jz t H以及J^2,Jz和H同时确定的情况下求出了方程的解，不需要给态函数附加Lorentz条件，即能用该波动方程得到只存在两种横光子的结论。     

空间远场光束对准精度的量子极限

根据标量亥姆霍兹方程和定态薛定谔方程的对等关系,指出平面波经透镜聚焦过程等同于光子态函数由坐标表象向动量表象转换的过程.受有限孔径的影响,光子在动量空间态函数无法精确再现,导致空间光束对准精度的存在一个量子极限.在量子极限条件下,空间光束对准精度大约是衍射极限角的26%,主要取决于光波长和接收透镜孔径,与透镜焦距无关....     

266nm下邻二甲苯双光子电离质谱的研究

利用YAG激光器输出的四倍频激光对邻二甲苯分子的多光子电离过程进行了研究,获得了邻二甲苯分子的多光子电离飞行时间质谱（MPI-TOFMS）,其母体离子及碎片离子信号达22种之多。光强指数分析表明母体离子C8H^＋10和主要的碎片离子C7H^＋7、C6H^＋5发生了1＋1共振增强双光子电离（RE2MPI）。     

评张操同志《宇宙学红移的可能解释》和《两点说明》

为了解释宇宙学红移现象,张操同志假设了一个波动方程(3),该方程的解具有(x-ct)的形式的普遍解,从而得出能流密度S随距离x作指数衰减的结论,并据此进一步假设衰减的不是振幅或光子数,而是光子的频v。这是自相矛盾的.因为若将(x-ct)写成单色波的形式代入张操同志的波动方程,立即可以看出(x-ct)满足的就是普通的电磁波动方程,它的频率是不会改变的.张操同志在《两点说明》中说,方程式的解中不一定需要引入v和λ这些物理量,这也是不对的.因为“宇宙学红移”是指星体发出的单色谱线传到地球时.观察到的谱线频率减小了.因比想说明红移现象v和λ…     

有限精度函数理论与Einstein-Maxwell方程的光子解

提出了有限精度函数理论,并基于该理论求出了有限精度的Einstein-Maxwell方程的光子解,揭示了经典光子的电磁、引力与时空几何的重要性质. 关键词： 有限精度函数理论 Einstein-Maxwell方程 光子解     

全矢量有限元模型及其在光波导中的应用

为了研究光波导和光子晶体光纤的模式特性和传输特性,从矢量波动方程出发,推导出了各向异性介质中场微分方程复数泛函表达式,利用棱边/节点混合元离散了该泛函,加入了各向异性介质匹配层边界条件,得到关于传播常量的广义特征值方程.以矩形波导为例,对各向异性介质匹配层边界条件的吸收特性进行了研究,得到了基模以及几个高阶模的场分布、色散曲线和损耗曲线.结果表明该方法可靠有效.对正六边形晶格光子晶体光纤进行了分析.数据表明：光纤有效折射率随空气孔直径或波长的增大而减小,但与空气孔圈数无关;光纤限制损耗(confinement loss)随波长增大近似成指数增大,而增加空气孔直径或者空气孔圈数则可使之显著降低.     

四能级增益介质光子晶体激光器的时域有限差分模型与模拟

基于Maxwell-Bloch方程和速率方程相结合的模型,模拟包括四能级增益介质光子晶体激光器的光学特性.根据FDTD法的基本原理,给出方程的Yee氏离散方程.通过计算电场的时域特性,模拟光子晶体激光器的频谱特性、阈值特性、动力学演化等过程,模拟结果和理论结论一致,检验了该模型的有效性.     

对"熵的变化与热力学过程方程之间的联系"一文的一点补充

熵是与过程无关的态函数,在介绍过程方程的时候不必一定要同熵联系起来.     

与Λ型三能级原子非共振相互作用的SU(1,1)场的性质

导出了介质中双模SU(1,1)相干态场与Λ型三能级原子非共振相互作用系统的态函数,研究了场模失谐量、克尔介质以及原子初态对场的互关联函数和Mandel Q参量的影响.结果表明:失谐量将削弱光场两模的关联性,并影响场模光子数的统计分布;当SU(1,1)场两模间的光子数之差增大时,失谐量对它们产生的影响变得更弱,此时克尔效应的影响变得明显,它使两模的关联性和光子数的统计分布趋于稳定.     

矩形激光脉冲辐照下金属板材料温度分布研究

从光子与声子相互作用机理出发,导出金属材料能量吸收速率.利用格林函数和有限积分变换法求出有热源情况下的热传导方程的解析解,讨论了材料性质、板厚度对板内温度分布的影响.结果表明:矩形激光脉冲辐照下金属板材料温度分布具有波动特征,板厚度和板材料性质对温度波动频率有重要影响. 关键词： 激光辐照 能量吸收速率 温度分布 金属板材料     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.