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WU Ying ZHU Pan-pan XIE Wen-jing LIU Ying LU Hao TANG Qi HAN Cai-qin 《光谱学与光谱分析》2019,39(11):3619-3623
在食品和环境监测中,大肠杆菌是一个重要指标细菌,因此,对大肠杆菌的监测和灭菌效果也引起了人们广泛的关注。基于荧光光谱检测技术具有的灵敏度高、速度快、稳定性强等优点,利用荧光光谱技术研究了大肠杆菌的发射峰强度与大肠杆菌浓度的内在变化规律,得到了一种更加方便、快捷、监测浓度更低的大肠杆菌计数方法。采用289 nm的激发光照射大肠杆菌水溶液,得到大肠杆菌的荧光发射光谱;改变大肠杆菌溶液的浓度,得到不同浓度大肠杆菌溶液的荧光光谱,并分析大肠杆菌特征峰强度与大肠杆菌浓度的关系。在此基础上,利用荧光光谱技术研究了银纳米颗粒对大肠杆菌荧光发射的影响,分析了银纳米颗粒对大肠杆菌的灭菌效果,结果表明:(1)当289 nm的激发光照射大肠杆菌水溶液时,大肠杆菌分别在332和425 nm两处有明显的荧光特征峰;荧光特征峰强度随着大肠杆菌浓度降低而降低;当大肠杆菌浓度小于20%时,332和425 nm处特征峰强度与大肠杆菌溶液的浓度均呈线性关系。(2)当大肠杆菌水溶液中加入银纳米颗粒时,在4个小时内,银纳米颗粒的作用时间越长,大肠杆菌的荧光特征峰越弱,即灭菌率越高;增加银纳米颗粒的浓度或者提高环境温度,均可提高银纳米颗粒对大肠杆菌的灭菌率。本文的研究结果对食品、环境等中大肠杆菌的计数和灭菌研究有参考意义。 相似文献
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以壳聚糖为碳源通过水热法合成碳点,对影响碳点荧光强度的水热温度、水热时间和壳聚糖质量分数进行考察。通过紫外分光光度计、荧光分光光度计、原子力显微、Fourier红外光谱仪、X-ray光电子能谱、X射线衍射仪对壳聚糖碳点的光学性质、化学结构、晶体结构、形貌结构等进行表征分析。结果表明,在水热温度200℃、水热时间9 h、壳聚糖质量分数2%的条件下制备得到的壳聚糖碳点量子产率为32.86%。碳点呈现出主要尺寸为3~10 nm的球形颗粒状,且在波长335 nm激发下,发射峰位于410 nm(蓝)。对金属离子的选择性研究分析表明,Fe~(3+)对碳点溶液的荧光猝灭效应最显著,说明碳点对Fe~(3+)具有较好敏感性和高选择性,且荧光猝灭效率对Fe~(3+)浓度在0~100μmol/L范围内呈现线性响应,因此有望将碳点作为荧光探针应用于Fe~(3+)的检测表征。 相似文献
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采用时域有限差分(FDTD)法研究Au纳米颗粒@碳球(AuNPs@CS)复合结构的光吸收控制。发现Au纳米颗粒@碳球复合结构中Au颗粒的位置可以控制复合结构光吸收。模型计算中选取两粒Au纳米颗粒以最佳深度(0 nm)嵌入碳球表面。当两粒Au颗粒球心与碳球球心夹角为22.5°和45°时,复合结构光吸收较单一碳球光吸收明显增强;当夹角为315°、270°、180°、90°时,光吸收增量逐渐减小;当夹角为337.5°时,光吸收量低于单一碳球。这一结果主要归因于Au纳米颗粒位置变化可引起表面等离子体光强度和光散射方向的变化。改变碳球表面Au纳米颗粒的数量和位置,可以进一步调节AuNPs@CS复合结构的光吸收。 相似文献
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采用纳米球刻蚀技术中漂移法在玻璃基片上制备较大 面积不同直径的聚苯乙烯小球掩模板, 采用磁控溅射技术在掩模板上沉积不同厚度的金薄膜, 去除聚苯乙烯小球后, 通过扫描电子显微镜观察到周期排列的三角状金纳米颗粒点阵. 通过紫外-可见分光光度计测试所制备样品的光吸收特性, 发现表面等离子体共振峰随粒径增大发生红移, 随金纳米颗粒高度增加发生蓝移. 基于Mie理论, 利用Matlab软件编程对不同粒径的金阵列光吸收特性进行理论模拟, 并与实验结果进行对比.
关键词:
纳米球刻蚀
金纳米颗粒阵列
表面等离子体共振 相似文献
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用CH4,H2和NH3为反应气体,利用等离子体增强热丝化学气相沉积在沉积有碳膜的Si衬底上制备了a-C:N:H纳米尖端,并用扫描电子显微镜和微区Raman光谱仪对碳膜和纳米尖端进行了表征。结果表明:Raman谱中含有与碳和氮相关的峰,且纳米尖端的Raman谱比碳膜的Raman谱有很强的荧光背景。Raman谱中的峰说明沉积的碳膜和纳米尖端是a-C:N:H薄膜和a-C:N:H尖端。a-C:N:H纳米尖端的Raman谱中强荧光背景的产生表明其在激发光源照射的过程中发射了强荧光,对a-C:N:H纳米尖端产生强荧光的机理进行了探讨。 相似文献
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在传统荧光光谱技术的基础上,结合金属纳米颗粒的增强荧光技术,探索提高荧光光谱技术检测人全血溶液中胆固醇含量的精度和分辨率的方法。实验研究方面,采用波长为407 nm的激光作为激发光,照射加入一定量银纳米颗粒作为荧光增强剂的人全血溶液,研究了银纳米颗粒对人全血溶液在可见光波段的荧光增强作用。结果表明,胶体状态的银纳米颗粒可以显著增强低浓度的人全血溶液荧光光谱的强度,且不同位置荧光发射峰的荧光增强效率随银胶加入量的增加均呈现先增后减的趋势,但不同峰位置的最强增强效率对应的银胶加入量不同。理论分析方面,根据实验结果及胆固醇分子和银纳米颗粒在溶液中的分布情况,建立了分子间距模型,并根据模型计算得出胆固醇分子和银纳米粒子之间的最佳增强荧光效果间距在12.19~25 nm范围内,这个结果和其他文献中的理论值吻合较好。综上所述,使用银纳米颗粒可实现全血溶液荧光的增强,研究结果为提高检测血液中多种物质的灵敏度和精度提供了有价值的参考作用。 相似文献
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The nanoparticles of TiO2 modified with carbon and iron were synthesized by sol-gel followed solvothermal method at low temperature. Its chemical composition and optical absorption were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence emission spectroscopy (PL), UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). It was found that carbon and iron modification causes the absorption edge of TiO2 to shift the visible light region. Fe(III) cation could be doped into the matrix of TiO2, by which could hinder the recombination rate of excited electrons/holes. Superior photocatalytic activity of TiO2 modified with carbon and iron was observed for the decomposition of acid orange 7 (AO7) under visible light irradiation. The synergistic effects of carbon and iron in modified TiO2 nanoparticles were responsible for improving visible light photocatalytic activity. 相似文献
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Abdullah Alqudami S. Annapoorni Govind S. M. Shivaprasad 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2008,10(6):1027-1036
Homogenous Ag–Au alloy nanoparticles having an average size of 12 ± 2 nm were successfully prepared by the exploding wire
technique comprising of a wire–plate system and using 12 V batteries. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data reveal the
formation of alloy nanoparticles with Ag80-Au20 composition, which agrees with the absorption data, obtained using UV-Visible
spectroscopy. XPS also reveals a thin metal-oxide shell on the metallic alloy core. These alloy nanoparticles show visible
fluorescence emission that was compared with the observed fluorescence from pure Ag nanoparticles. A mechanism for the observed
fluorescence is also provided. 相似文献
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基于金属纳米结构而获得随机激光的增强,其独特的性质及其潜在的应用价值具有重要的研究意义,在表面增强荧光、光学开关器件、表面等离子激元激光等方面实现了较多应用。报道一种快捷有效的制备纳米颗粒的手段并基于该纳米颗粒结构分析了染料掺杂聚合物薄膜涂覆的随机激光现象和规律。利用离子溅射沉积和高温热处理在石英基底上制备了Au纳米颗粒,改变溅射时间Au纳米颗粒的尺寸发生可控变化,该方法便捷、工艺简单。研究采用40,80和120 s三种不同的时间进行Au膜溅射并在650 ℃下高温处理,得到粒径尺寸不同的Au纳米颗粒,随着溅射时间延长Au纳米颗粒的尺寸逐渐变大。通过涂覆有机荧光染料DCJTB掺杂的PMMA聚合物薄膜构建光致激射系统,利用纳秒脉冲激光对样品进行激发,得到随机激光并研究其出射光强度和阈值的变化规律特征。40,80和120 s三种溅射时间下所得Au纳米颗粒的平均粒径尺寸分别为230,250和390 nm,在532 nm激光激发下产生随机激光的阈值分别为20.5,17.5和12.5 μJ·pulse-1。Au纳米颗粒尺寸越大、粒子间距越小时,光子散射的平均自由程越短,光在金属颗粒之间可以多次有效散射,从而显著提高散射效率,产生较低阈值的激光发射;Au纳米颗粒的吸收峰与染料的荧光峰恰好匹配时,将会显著增强染料的荧光效应,激发更多染料分子发生能级跃迁,增加光子态密度,获得峰值更高、阈值更低的激射现象;泵浦光不破坏染料分子的情况下,可以多次循环泵浦获得激光,染料分子的发光效率随着多次激发略有降低,有助于随机激光器件的研究开发。实验研究结果与理论分析相一致,进一步明确了Au纳米颗粒对光子散射和等离子共振对光吸收增强的随机激光发射机理。该研究以Au纳米结构对光子的强散射效应为增益,通过理论分析和实验测量获得随机激光,为实现高效率、低阈值的随机激光研究提供了一种便捷的技术手段,有望促进随机激光器件的开发和应用。 相似文献
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Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction of silver ions by sodium borohydride in the presence of poly-(N)-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone in solution of short chain alcohols. The nanoparticles are stable in 2-propanol, and the average diameter
of the Ag colloid obtained in this solvent is about 6 nm. The photophysical properties of acridinium and coumarin dyes in
2-propanol are affected by the presence of silver nanoparticles. The interaction of silver nanoparticles with acridinium derivative
leads to a spectral change of its intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) absorption band. The dye emission increases suddenly
with the initial addition of the Ag metal nanoparticles, but at a high concentration of the colloid, static fluorescence quenching
occurs with a progressive decrease of the fluorescence efficiency. Amino coumarin fluorescence is only quenched by the silver
nanoparticles in solution. 相似文献
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Cadmium sulfide semiconductor nanoparticles along with terbium ions were incorporated in silica xerogels through sol–gel route.
The optical absorption and emission spectra confirmed the formation of CdS nanoparticles along with terbium ions in the silica
gel. The optical bandgap and size of the CdS nanoparticle were calculated from the absorption spectrum. The TEM measurement
was also used to evaluate the average size of the CdS nanoparticles. The fluorescence spectra reveal that the intensity of
characteristic emission of terbium ions increases considerably in the presence of CdS nanoparticles even in the gel stage
itself and this avoids the need of heating gels at high temperatures. The branching ratios were calculated from the emission
spectra using the standard procedure. 相似文献
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Fluorescent silver nanoparticles via exploding wire technique 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Aqueous solution containing spherical silver nanoparticles of 20–80 nm size have been generated using a newly developed novel
electro-exploding wire (EEW) technique where thin silver wires have been exploded in double distilled water. Structural properties
of the resulted nanoparticles have been studied by means of X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy
(TEM). The absorption spectrum of the aqueous solution of silver nanoparticles showed the appearance of a broad surface plasmon
resonance (SPR) peak centered at a wavelength of 390 nm. The theoretically generated SPR peak seems to be in good agreement
with the experimental one. Strong green fluorescence emission was observed from the water-suspended silver nanoparticles excited
with light of wavelengths 340, 360 and 390 nm. The fluorescence of silver nanoparticles could be due to the excitation of
the surface plasmon coherent electronic motion with the small size effect and the surface effect considerations 相似文献
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为了明确团聚现象及表面性质对ZnS纳米材料发光性质的影响,采用SiO2对ZnS材料进行了表面修饰,并对ZnS及ZnS/SiO2复合材料的光学性质进行对比研究.采用吸收光谱分析了包覆前后光吸收性质的差异,发现SiO2包覆后ZnS纳米材料的带边由333 nm红移至360 nm.为了研究ZnS纳米材料与ZnS/SiO2纳米复合材料的光发射性质,分别对含纳米材料的水溶液样品及粉末样品的发光光谱进行了采集.对比研究的结果表明,SiO2包覆后ZnS纳米材料在蓝紫光区的发光得到了明显增强.以氙灯作为激发光源所获得荧光光谱显示ZnS/SiO2粉末样品发光的积分强度增大为原来的17.5倍,但相同条件下针对溶液样品的测试结果显示其发光强度只增大了1.1倍,这种增强可用SiO2的存在抑制了ZnS纳米粒子间的团聚来解释,且这一推断由325 nm紫外激光激发下获得的光致发光数据进行了验证. 相似文献
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Selective plasma etching and hydrogen plasma treatment were introduced in turn to improve field emission characteristics of screen-printed carbon nanotubes (CNTs) cold cathode, which was prepared by using slurry of mixture of multi-wall CNTs, organic vehicles and inorganic binder, i.e. silicon dioxide sol. The results show that selective plasma etching process could effectively remove parts of surface inorganic vehicle (SiO2) layer and expose more smooth and clean CNTs on cathode surface, which could significantly decrease the operating field of CNTs cathode. There are some nanoparticles emerging on the out of CNTs wall after hydrogen plasma treatment, which are equivalent to increase field emission point of cathode. At the same time, these nanoparticles can increase the local electric field of CNTs, which can decrease operating voltage of CNTs cathode and improve uniformity field emission. 相似文献
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The presence of surfactants (Hexamine, tetraethylammonium bromide (TEAB), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), tetraoctylammonium bromide (TOAB) and PVP) on the surface of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles resulted variation in their optical properties. The optical properties of each surfactant-capped zinc oxide nanoparticles were investigated using UV-visible absorption and fluorescence techniques. The particle size of these nanoparticles were calculated from their absorption edge, and found to be in the quantum confinement range. The absorption spectra and fluorescent emission spectra showed a significant blue shift compared to that of the bulk zinc oxide. Large reduction in the intensity of visible emission of zinc oxide/surfactant was observed and these emissions were vanished more quickly, with the decrease in excitation energy, for the smaller nanoparticles. Out of the four surfactants (other than PVP), CTAB-capped zinc oxide has smallest particle size of 2.4 nm, as calculated from the absorption spectrum. Thus the presence of surfactant on the surface of zinc oxide plays a significant role in reducing defect emissions. Furthermore, ZnO/PVP nanoparticles showed no separate UV emission peak; however, the excitonic UV emission and the visible emission at 420 nm overlap to form a single broad band around 420 nm. 相似文献