共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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本文详细讨论了试件在空间六个自由度中产生刚体运动时所形成的云纹图特性,定量地分析了各种刚体运动形式对云纹干涉法的影响。经分析表明:在用云纹干涉法测量变形位移场时,只有当试件绕坐标轴刚体转动时才会影响所测变形位移场。 相似文献
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本文提出应用菲涅耳三面镜在空间形成云纹干涉高频栅及贴片云纹干涉技术进行离面位移与振动的测量技术,文中就测量原理、定量公式推导、条纹解释、测量精度及灵敏度等方面都作了详细论述,为工程中的位移与振动模态分析提供了一种现场测试新途径。 相似文献
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云纹干涉法面内位移测量的光栅补偿方法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析导致云纹干涉法面内位移和应变测量的根本原因,给出对称入射光路云纹干涉法面内位移计量的基本公式,设计定量补偿面内位移和变形的非对称光栅补偿光路系统。最后证明基准光栅补偿方法的可行性和可靠性。 相似文献
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运用光的干涉与衍射理论,导出了对称入射光路云纹干涉法面内位移计量的基本公式。针对云纹干涉法在实际应用中易引入刚体位移对真实面内位移干扰这一棘手问题,设计了定量补偿面内位移和变形的非对称光栅补偿光路系统。由于采用高灵敏度基准光栅调节的方法,比螺旋测微器等纯机械方法具有众多优越性。本文分析了该补偿方法对面内正应变条纹梯度和面内剪应变条纹梯度的补偿原理和具体实施过程。本方法大大提高了云纹干涉法面内位移计量和补偿的可靠性。 相似文献
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High temperature thermal behaviour modeling of large-scale fused silica optics for laser facility 下载免费PDF全文
High temperature annealing is often used for the stress control of optical materials.However,weight and viscosity at high temperature may destroy the surface morphology,especially for the large-scale,thin and heavy optics used for large laser facilities.It is necessary to understand the thermal behaviour and design proper support systems for large-scale optics at high temperature.In this work,three support systems for fused silica optics are designed and simulated with the finite element method.After the analysis of the thermal behaviours of different support systems,some advantages and disadvantages can be revealed.The results show that the support with the optical surface vertical is optimal because both pollution and deformation of optics could be well controlled during annealing at high temperature.Annealing process of the optics irradiated by CO2 laser is also simulated.It can be concluded that high temperature annealing can effectively reduce the residual stress.However,the effects of annealing on surface morphology of the optics are complex.Annealing creep is closely related to the residual stress and strain distribution.In the region with large residual stress,the creep is too large and probably increases the deformation gradient which may affect the laser beam propagation. 相似文献
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In this paper we have studied the mechanisms of so-called ‘indentation creep’ in a zirconium alloy. Nanoindentation was used to obtain strain rate data as the sample was indented at room temperature, at a homologous temperature below that for which creep behaviour would be expected for this material. A high value of strain rate was obtained, consistent with previous work on indentation creep. In order to elucidate the mechanism of time-dependent deformation, a load relaxation experiment was performed by uniaxial loading of a sample of the same alloy. By allowing relaxation of the sample from a peak load in the tensile test machine, a similar stress exponent was obtained to that seen in the nanoindentation creep test. We conclude that for metals, at temperatures below that at which conventional creep will occur, nanoindentation ‘creep’ proceeds through deformation on active slip systems that were initiated by prior loading beyond the plastic limit. It is therefore more appropriate to describe it as a viscoplastic process, and not as creep deformation. 相似文献
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L. P. Myasnikova V. A. Marikhin E. M. Ivan'kova P. N. Yakushev 《Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics》2013,52(5-6):859-868
To clarify whether the interfibrillar slippage occurs on plastic deformation of oriented polymers, flow creep of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW PE) samples with various connectedness of microfibrils has been studied in a dead load mode at room temperature. The flow creep rate of melt-crystallized and gel-cast UHMW PE films drawn to various draw ratios, as well as of modified gel-crystallized samples (cross-linked/grafted or washed free of low molecular weight fraction) has been measured with the help of a unique laser interferometric technique (Doppler creep rate meter). The technique allows one to measure creep rates for deformation increments as small as 0.3 μ within an accuracy 1%. The interferometric technique enabled us to observe an extremely high variability of flow creep rate. It was recognized that the creep process accelerates or slows from time to time. A length of a loaded sample increased by multiple consecutive deformation jumps (or steps). The size distribution of the steps appeared to be controlled by the structure of interfibrillar regions. The influence of the latter on the variability of creep rate confirms a hypothesis that suggests a contribution of interfibrillar slippage to plastic deformation of oriented polymers. The observed phenomenon has been attributed to stick-slip motion of microfibrils and their aggregates sliding on each other under the action of applied stress. It was found that the creep rate decreases with increasing interfibrillar interaction. 相似文献
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Effects of cold rolling deformation on microstructure,hardness, and creep behavior of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel 下载免费PDF全文
Effects of cold rolling deformation on the microstructure, hardness, and creep behavior of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel (HNASS) are investigated. Microstructure characterization shows that 70% cold rolling deformation results in significant refinement of the microstructure of this steel, with its average twin thickness reducing from 6.4 μm to 14 nm. Nanoindentation tests at different strain rates demonstrate that the hardness of the steel with nano-scale twins (nt-HNASS) is about 2 times as high as that of steel with micro-scale twins (mt-HNASS). The hardness of nt-HNASS exhibits a pronounced strain rate dependence with a strain rate sensitivity (m value) of 0.0319, which is far higher than that of mt-HNASS (m = 0.0029). nt-HNASS shows more significant load plateaus and a higher creep rate than mt-HNASS. Analysis reveals that higher hardness and larger m value of nt-HNASS arise from stronger strain hardening role, which is caused by the higher storage rate of dislocations and the interactions between dislocations and high density twins. The more significant load plateaus and higher creep rates of nt-HNASS are due to the rapid relaxation of the dislocation structures generated during loading. 相似文献
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High temperature plastic deformation is associated with large changes in the microstructure of single crystals. To observe this microstructure during the creep test, we have performed X-ray reflection topography, taking advantage of the high intensity of the synchrotron radiation. A special creep machine was designed which permits in situ observation. Creep tests and microstructural observations were performed on NaCl single crystals compressed along <100> at about 600°C. As soon as the deformation started, subgrains appeared within the crystal, independent of the initial microstructure. Migration of the subboundaries during transient creep is followed by stabilization during steady state creep where a well developed subgrain structure keeps constant while new appearing subboundaries migrate. Misorientation between sub-grains increases progressively although more slowly in the steady state creep. A correlation between the microstructure evolution and the changes in the creep curves has been attempted. 相似文献
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The microstructure of die-cast magnesium alloys is highly non-uniform, which leads to a non-uniform distribution of the solidus/homologous temperature in the α(Mg) phase and a non-uniform distribution of deformation stresses and strains in the specimen during creep testing. Experimental observations suggest that significant creep deformation occurs in the α(Mg) phase in and adjacent to the eutectic regions while deformation in the primary α(Mg) dendrites is less pronounced. This article addresses the effect of the non-uniform as-cast microstructure on the creep resistance of die-cast magnesium alloys. Computational thermodynamic simulations were carried out to determine solute segregation, solidus temperature, and the corresponding homologous temperature distribution in the α(Mg) phase. Transmission electron microscopy studies provided evidence of non-uniform creep deformation in the creep-tested specimens. The results suggest that the creep resistance of magnesium alloys is determined by the weakest aggregate and/or phase in the alloy, viz., the α(Mg) phase in and adjacent to the eutectic regions. Microstructural design efforts that increase the homologous temperature or reinforce the eutectic α(Mg) phase hold significant promise for increasing the creep resistance of magnesium alloys. 相似文献
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N. N. Peschanskaya P. N. Yakushev V. A. Bershtein M. Keating T. Krizan 《Physics of the Solid State》2005,47(5):949-953
This paper reports on the results of research into the jumplike deformation of two polymers based on poly(oxymethylene) (POM) with structural aggregates (spherulites) of different micrometer-scale sizes at a temperature of 290 K, as well as of polyimide (PI) and a PI + graphite composite at temperatures of 290 and 690 K. The creep rate under compression is measured with a laser interferometer in 0.3-μm deformation increments. It is found that, in the course of deformation on the micrometer scale, the creep rate varies nonmonotonically. Periodic variations of the creep rate correspond to a jumplike (stepwise) behavior of the creep. It is shown that the mean jumps in the microdeformation correspond to the mean sizes of poly(oxymethylene) grains and graphite particles in polyimide. The results obtained are in agreement with previously drawn conclusions: the deformation jumps are determined by the scale of ordered microaggregates typical of the structure under investigation. 相似文献
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Huang JY Chen S Ren ZF Wang Z Kempa K Naughton MJ Chen G Dresselhaus MS 《Physical review letters》2007,98(18):185501
We report exceptional ductile behavior in individual double-walled and triple-walled carbon nanotubes at temperatures above 2000 degrees C, with tensile elongation of 190% and diameter reduction of 90%, during in situ tensile-loading experiments conducted inside a high-resolution transmission electron microscope. Concurrent atomic-scale microstructure observations reveal that the superelongation is attributed to a high temperature creep deformation mechanism mediated by atom or vacancy diffusion, dislocation climb, and kink motion at high temperatures. The superelongation in double-walled and triple-walled carbon nanotubes, the creep deformation mechanism, and dislocation climb in carbon nanotubes are reported here for the first time. 相似文献