天然FeS2(黄铁矿)的红外光谱研究

主要报道天然FeS₂黄铁矿,(以下称FeS₂(P))的室温、低温的远红外反射光谱和透射光谱,并对其光谱结构及物理起源作了较详细的讨论。通过我们的研究发现:室温反射光谱低频端等离子体反射边和样品中所含的PbS(方铅矿)杂技存在密切的联系。我们以FeS₂(P)矿物单晶和PbS矿物单晶的反射光谱作为基谱对不同样品的实验结果进行了复合,所得出的x值不仅可以反映PbS杂质的含量,而且间接地与贵金属元素Au等存在较好的正相关性。这对于研究矿物的成因等有 关键词：     

Electron irradiation of ion-implanted n-type Si-SiO2 structures studied by deep-level transient spectroscopy

2 structures implanted with 50-keV boron ions is studied by deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) measurements. The DLTS spectra of ion-implanted samples exhibit one peak which corresponds to a deep level located in the forbidden gap of the silicon matrix at E_c-0.40 eV below the conducting band edge. New additional shallower levels are found in the spectra following bombardment by high-energy electrons, the peak intensity being dependent on the irradiation dose. The corresponding activation energy of the created defects, the density of the traps, and the electron-capture cross sections are evaluated. Received: 27 October 1997/Accepted: 8 December 1997     

Characterization and transport properties of intercalated polypyrrole-vanadium pentoxide xerogel nanocomposite

Layered vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) xerogel is used as host material for the synthesis of conducting polypyrrole intercalated nanocomposites. Powder X-ray diffraction spectra show the increase of interlayer space of V₂O₅ xerogel indicating the formation of polypyrrole in the interlayer space of the host. Thermal stability of intercalated polypyrrole is superior compared to bulk polypyrrole. Dc conductivity of the xerogel follows Arrhenius type temperature dependence while the nanocomposites exhibit Mott's three-dimensional variable range hopping. Optical band gap decreases with intercalation of polypyrrole.     

低温分子束外延生长的GaMnAs反射光谱的低能振荡现象

通过傅里叶变换红外光谱和光调制反射光谱技术测量了不同Mn含量的低温分子束外延生长在GaAs衬底上的GaMnAs样品的反射光谱.在低于Ga(Mn)As带边的红外反射光谱和光调制反射光谱上观测到低能振荡现象.通过分析振荡产生的原因并使用双层界面反射模型拟合了红外反射光谱的低能振荡过程,拟合结果与实验相符.研究表明,反射光谱的低能振荡是由于GaMnAs中空穴浓度的变化导致GaMnAs中的折射率发生变化,GaMnAs与衬底GaAs之间的折射率差导致了不同Mn含量的GaMnAs材料的反射谱的低能振荡现象.测量了不同 关键词： GaMnAs 反射光谱 空穴浓度 折射率     

Regression-based model of skin diffuse reflectance for skin color analysis

A simple regression-based model of skin diffuse reflectance is developed based on reflectance samples calculated by Monte Carlo simulation of light transport in a two-layered skin model. This reflectance model includes the values of spectral reflectance in the visible spectra for Japanese women. The modified Lambert Beer law holds in the proposed model with a modified mean free path length in non-linear density space. The averaged RMS and maximum errors of the proposed model were 1.1 and 3.1%, respectively, in the above range.     

漫反射光谱用于光动力治疗中鲜红斑痣皮肤氧含量监测的初步研究

尝试利用漫反射光谱检测鲜红斑痣皮肤的氧含量,并用于监测光动力治疗中鲜红斑痣皮肤氧含量的变化。采用Ocean Optics公司生产的USB2000微型光纤光谱仪采集PWS皮肤的漫反射光谱,根据氧合血红蛋白与还原血红蛋白(皮肤中两种主要的吸光基团)吸收光谱的差异,分析病变皮肤氧含量及治疗中氧含量的变化趋势。对14例PWS患者进行治疗中皮肤漫反射光谱的监测。结果显示,治疗前不同类型PWS皮肤氧含量不同,光动力治疗中大部分P4、P5型PWS皮肤氧含量没有显著降低,P6型PWS皮肤氧含量降低明显。表明现有的漫反射光谱法可定性监测PWS皮肤氧含量的变化趋势。通过进一步提高仪器的灵敏度并建立相应的光谱分析方法,有望更准确地测量PWS皮肤中的氧含量变化。     

近红外光谱法预测粗皮桉木材气干密度的影响因素分析

采用近红外光谱分析技术,对粗皮桉木材气干密度校正模型的影响因素进行比较研究.使用直接测量法测量了粗皮桉木材的气干密度,并用近红外光谱仪采集试样的近红外漫反射光谱,对不同切面、厚度、含水率和粗糙度的粗皮桉木材试样的原始光谱进行二阶导数预处理并选择一定光谱段建立回归模型.以50～140个试样作为校正集建立木材气干密度的偏最...     

Synthesis and structural properties of polypyrrole/nano-Y2O3 conducting composite

In this work, polypyrrole/nano-Y₂O₃ conducting composite was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization. The composite was characterized using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectra, UV-vis absorption spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrical conductivity measurements. The results indicate that Y₂O₃ nanoparticles are almost enwrapped by polypyrrole. The addition of Y₂O₃ nanoparticles results in changes in the surface structure and conductivity of the composite. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that composite has better thermal stability than that of pure polypyrrole.     

Hollow polypyrrole nanosphere embedded in nitrogen-doped graphene layers to obtain a three-dimensional nanostructure as electrode material for electrochemical supercapacitor

A novel approach was developed to prepare hollow polypyrrole (PPy) nanospheres and nitrogen-doped graphene/hollow PPy nanospheres (NG/H-PPy) composites. In this process, uniform poly (methyl methacrylate-butyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid) (PMMA-PBMA-PMAA) latex microspheres as sacrificial templates were synthesized by using an emulsion polymerization method. Then, hollow PPy nanospheres were obtained on the surface of PMMA-PBMA-PMAA microspheres by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization. Finally, H-PPy was embedded in NG layers successfully through a simple approach. The nanobeads have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectra, and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). Different electrochemical methods including cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) have been applied to study the electrochemical properties. The specific capacitance of NG/H-PPy composites based on the three-electrode system is as high as 575 F g^?1 at a current density of 1 A g^?1 and enhanced stability about 90.1 % after 500 cycles, indicating that the composite has an impressive capacitance and excellent cycling performance.     

Photopyroelectric Surface Reflectance Spectra of Pr2−xCexCuO4 Single Crystals

Abstract

Surface reflectance spectra of Pr_2?xCe_xCuO₄ (x:0; 0.025; 0.075) single crystals in the photon energy range 0.5-3 eV were determined by the photopyroelectric (PPE) technique from direct measurements of absorptance. PPE reflectance spectroscopy allows a better resolution of the structural shape of the spectra. The main spectral features of the Pr₂CuO₄ reflectance are a peak around 1.45 eV and two shoulders (around 1.1 eV and 1.85 eV). The reflectivity peak is strongly reduced even for low level of Ce doping (x:0.025) although it can still be seen as a sharp peak with the maximum around 1.5 eV. The metallic Drude-like behavior, which appears already for x:0.025, becomes evident at x=0.075, with a clear reflectivity edge around 1.05 eV.     

Electro-reflectance spectra of blue bronze

We show that the infrared reflectance of the quasi-one dimensional charge-density-wave (CDW) conductor K_0.3MoO₃ (blue bronze) varies with position when a voltage greater than the CDW depinning threshold is applied. The spatial dependence and spectra associated with these changes are generally as expected from the electro-transmission [B.M. Emerling, et al., Eur. Phys. J. B 16, 295 (2000)], but there are differences which might be associated with changes in the CDW properties on the surface. We have examined the electro-reflectance spectrum associated with CDW current investigation for light polarized parallel to the conducting chains for signs of expected current-induced intragap states, and conclude that the density of any such states is at least an order of magnitude less than expected.Received: 23 June 2003, Published online: 2 October 2003PACS: 71.45.Lr Charge-density-wave systems - 78.20.Jq Electrooptical effects - 72.15.Nj Collective modes (e.g., in one-dimensional conductors)     

红外反射法研究6H-SiC表面热氧化生长的SiO_2特性

本文利用红外反射峰位置与薄膜厚度及密度的关系研究了在SiC衬底上热氧化生长出的SiO2在退火前及在不同温度用高N2退火一小时后的1085cm-1附近红外反射峰的漂移情况,分析了SiO2的密度变化。密度的变化反映了退火中SiO2中的C和CO的扩散以及空位型缺陷的退火过程。     

Fragmentation of CO+ molecular ion through dissociative excited states produced by swift multicharged heavy ion impact on CO molecules

We report the observation of resonances in the intensity correlation spectra of a 3D rubidium optical lattice, which we attribute to light scattering from propagating atomic density fluctuations in the lattice. This process is the spontaneous analog of the stimulated scattering mechanism recently described by Courtois et al.. We investigate the dependence of the new resonances on the lattice angle and show that they disappear for large angles, thus resolving previous discrepancies on the subject. Received: 30 January 1997 / Accepted: 9 October 1997     

部分土壤重金属可见-近红外反射光谱特征及机理研究

测量重金属化合物氯化铬(CrCl₃)、氯化铜(CuCl₂)、氯化锌(ZnCl₂)的可见-近红外反射光谱(VNIRS),将重金属反射光谱与重金属元素的核外电子排布式联系起来,观察重金属化合物的反射光谱特征;结合晶体场理论分析重金属的特征反射峰出现的波段位置和原因。以湖北大冶地区土壤样品为例,向土样中添加不同浓度梯度的CrCl₃,CuCl₂和ZnCl₂并测定其可见-近红外反射光谱,研究不同种类不同浓度的重金属对土壤反射光谱的影响。对样本的反射光谱进行不同光谱预处理,探究重金属浓度与土壤反射光谱之间的线性相关关系及显著相关(p<0.05)波段出现的位置和潜在机理。结果表明,重金属化合物CrCl₃,CuCl₂和ZnCl₂在可见光-短波近红外波段范围内的反射光谱特征与重金属元素3d轨道上的电子填充状态有关。添加入土壤中的重金属化合物影响了土壤的可见-近红外反射光谱,其浓度与土壤反射光谱之间整体呈负相关,最大负相关系数分别为-0.788,-0.880和-0.824。样品反射光谱经不同预处理后,重金属浓度与土壤反射光谱之间的线性相关关系有所变化,显著相关波段信息更加丰富。研究表明,重金属的可见-近红外反射光谱与重金属的电子结构紧密相关,可见-近红外反射光谱技术可以检测到土壤中较高浓度重金属的存在,该技术在快速高效、无损低耗地预测土壤重金属元素含量方面拥有巨大潜力。基于部分重金属化合物的可见-近红外反射光谱特征,结合晶体场理论为土壤重金属的定性和定量反射光谱分析提供了理论依据和实验参考。     

电荷密度波材料K0.3MoO3及W掺杂样品的红外光学响应的研究

研究了准一维材料K03MoO3以及掺杂了3%和15%的W的样品在TCDW=180K以上和以下的温度时的光反射谱和电导率谱.在此基础上讨论了伴随着Peierls相变产生的相声子和单粒子能隙,以及W掺杂对CDW凝聚的影响 关键词： 电荷密度波 Peierls相变     

漫反射光谱技术对文物保护及相关问题的研究

应用自行研制的光导纤维反射分光光度计,研究了漫反射光谱技术在文物保护研究中的应用。主要工作包括： (1)通过比较待测颜料和标准颜料反射光谱曲线的形状和特征反射峰或一阶导数峰的位置,实现对彩绘文物颜料的分析鉴定。(2)用漫反射光谱技术监测金属表面状态的变化。文中通过对铜及其锈蚀产物漫反射光谱的研究得到了铜表面的一些信息,可见漫反射光谱技术对金属表面状态的研究具有特殊的功能。(3)通过研究文物保护修复材料的反射光谱特性,指导人们选择适宜的材料。作者的研究证实了漫反射光谱法是一种新的文物保护研究技术,具有简便、快捷和不损坏文物的特点,该工作使漫反射光谱技术成为文物保护研究的一种新的检测手段,同时也为漫反射光谱分析开辟了新的研究应用领域。     

Highly effective III-V solar cells by controlling the surface roughnesses

An advanced approach to minimize the light loss was discussed for III-V solar cells, by controlling the roughnesses of the device surface. Adhesives with different viscosities were applied to bond the III-V solar cells with the supporting substrate before the epitaxial lift-off process. The surface roughness of the III-V solar cells with epoxy adhesive (R_rms = 15.4 nm) is one order of magnitude higher than that with acrylic adhesive (R_rms = 1.6 nm), due to the differences in viscosity, resulting from the spreadability while being hardened. This roughness has increased the reflectance in the wavelength between 650 and 900 nm, implying that this reflectance is influenced by the rear surface of the solar cell. The device performance of the double-junction solar cells (Ga_0.5In_0.5P- and GaAs- based) also reflects the effect of the reflectance. The solar cell with the epoxy adhesive exhibited ~2% increase of the conversion efficiency than that with the acrylic adhesive, mainly due to the increased current density. The integrated current density from the external quantum efficiency (EQE) also exhibited ~2% increase only in the bottom (GaAs-based) cell, corresponding to the higher reflectance for red and near-infrared wavelength ranges.     

皮肤组织血液含量对皮肤光谱的影响

在分析皮肤组织结构、皮肤荧光光谱与反射光谱产生机制的基础上,改变皮肤真皮上、下血管丛的血液含量,依此建立相应的皮肤六层光学模型,并进行 Monte Carlo模拟计算。结果表明：皮肤荧光光谱与反射光谱均可反映皮肤组织内血液含量的变化;皮肤的真皮上层血管丛的血液含量对光谱强度的影响大,深部血管丛血液含量对光谱强度的影响小;荧光光谱和反射光谱可用于探测或分析皮肤组织中血液含量的变化,特别可能用于真皮上层血管血液病变的皮肤疾病的病患程度及治疗效果的检测。     

Optical studies on free-standing polypyrrole films by the photopyroelectric method

Optical spectra of free-standing polypyrrole films were investigated by a novel PhotoPyroElectric (PPE) method. The reflection and absorption spectra in the range 2000–25000 cm^–1 of TsO^–- and ClO ₄ ^su– -doped polypyrrole films were obtained with an experimental setup comprising two pyroelectric sensors. The absorption bands due to electronic transitions to the bonding and antibonding bipolaronic levels appear at 11 000 and 21 500 cm^–1, respectively. Some relevant details in the polypyrrole spectrum in the 2000–5000 cm^–1 range were observed. The absorption band located at 3400 cm^–1 is characteristic for NH stretching vibration. The bands in the 2300–2500 cm^–1 range are ascribed to the vibration of N⁺H groups containing positively charged nitrogen. The PPE spectra also reveal changes of the electronic and vibrational absorption bands after polymer reduction and HCl treatment.     

Local-field effects in reflectance anisotropy spectra of the (001) surface of gallium arsenide

Characteristic reflectance anisotropy spectra of the naturally oxidized (001) surfaces of GaAs undoped crystals and Ga_0.7Al_0.3As epitaxial films are measured in the energy range 1.5–5.7 eV. The spectra are interpreted in the framework of the microscopic model proposed for a GaAs(001)/oxide interface and the reflectance anisotropy (difference) theory developed for a multilayer medium with a monolayer of atomic dipoles located near one of the interfaces. The anisotropy of dipole polarizability and the anisotropy of the plane lattice formed by dipoles are taken into account within the unified Green function approach of classical electrodynamics. A good agreement between the measured and calculated reflectance anisotropy spectra of the oxidized GaAs(001) surfaces shows that the local field effects at the semiconductor-oxide interface make the main contribution to these spectra.