磁单负材料板附近的原子的自发辐射场分布

本文研究了磁单负材料板附近的两能级原子通过自发辐射激发的表面模式及场强分布. 磁单负材料是有效介电常数大于零而磁导率小于零的人工微结构材料. 根据麦克斯韦方程及边界条件, 这种材料板只支持TE极化的表面模式. 本文分析了具有不同磁导率和厚度的磁单负材料板所支持的表面模的性质, 如模式数目和模式的对称性, 进而讨论了这些特性对原子自发辐射场的空间分布的影响. 结果表明原子与磁单负材料板的距离可影响辐射场中表面模的比重, 当表面模起主要贡献时, 在材料板左表面上原子辐射场呈定向发射的分布. 而材料板右表面的辐射场分布取决于表面模的对称性和比重, 如果同时存在对称和反对称的表面模, 右表面的场很弱甚至完全消失, 而如果只存在对称或反对称的表面模, 右表面会有与左表面等强度的辐射场分布. 这些性质与原子在金属表面的辐射场分布明显不同, 我们的结果对原子辐射场的空间控制以及实现简单结构的单光子源有积极意义.     

用嵌入原子方法研究Cu(100)面声子色散

本文采用基于密度泛函理论发展的嵌入原子方法,推导了由半经验函数嵌入能和排斥势所表达的表面晶格动力学矩阵公式,以CU(100)面为例,得到了该面三个主要对称方向的色散关系.其中,沿ΓX方向的瑞利声子色散曲线与新近的电子能量损失谱所得实验结果相比,符合较好.文中还讨论了一些表面模的局域程度以及振动方式. 关键词：     

Ag（110）表面声子谱的分析型EAM模型计算

应用晶格动力学，结合分析型EAM模型，计算了Ag(110)表面声子频率和振动极化方向，通过比较弛豫与未弛豫表面的计算结果，发现弛豫后的结果与He原子散射实验数据符合得很好，表面振动的极化局域特征符合表面的二维对称性，沿方向的S2和S3表面模也和实验结果—致. 关键词： 表面声子谱 弛豫 EAM 极化     

GaN(0001)表面的电子结构研究

报道了纤锌矿WZ(wurtzite)GaN(0001)表面的电子结构研究.采用全势线性缀加平面波方法计算得到了GaN分波态密度,与以前实验结果一致.讨论了Ga3d对GaN电子结构的影响.利用同步辐射角分辨光电子能谱技术研究了价带电子结构.通过改变光子能量的垂直出射谱勾画沿ΓA方向的体能带结构,与计算得到的能带结构符合得较好.根据沿ΓK和ΓM方向的非垂直出射谱,确定了两个表面态的能带色散 关键词： GaN 角分辨光电发射 全势线性缀加平面波 电子结构     

6H-SiC(0001)-6√3×6√3R30°重构表面的同步辐射角分辨光电子能谱研究

利用同步辐射角分辨光电子能谱(SRARPES)对6H-SiC(0001)-6√3×63√R30°重构表面的电子结构和表面态进行了研究.通过鉴别价带谱中来自于体态的信息,可以推断出重构表面的费米能级位于体态价带顶之上(2.1±0.1)eV处.实验测出的体能带结构与理论计算的结果较为符合.在重构表面上发现三个表面态,分别位于结合能-0.48 eV(S0),-1.62 eV(S1)和-4.93 eV(S2处.沿着表面布里渊区的高对称线ΓKM方向,测量了相关表面态的能带色散,只有表面态S0(-0.48 eV)表现出了所希望的6√3×6√3 R30°重构周期性.根据实验现象,可以认为,表面态S0应归结于重构表面的C-C悬键,而表面态S1则由重构表面未钝化的C悬键所导致.     

不同模式耦合下偏振模色散几率分布的研究

研究了偏振模色散的统计特性,在不同模式耦合条件下,应用蒙特-卡罗方法模拟偏振模色散矢量的几率分布,并对模拟结果进行了函数拟合。发现随着耦合次数增加差分群时延的几率分布从一个类似δ函数分布逐渐过渡到麦克斯韦分布;在一定的耦合下,几率分布可以呈现高斯分布。对偏振模矢量的两个方向余弦进行统计分析,发现随着耦合次数的增加,偏振模矢量两个方向余弦函数的分布从高斯分布和δ函数分布都变为均匀分布。     

基于偏振度椭球的PMD补偿的前馈信息提取方法

通过建立一个简单的模型推导了偏振模色散与偏振度椭球的关系式,可以直接从偏振度椭球的长轴和短轴得到偏振模色散的大小.将得到的一阶偏振模色散大小与理论上从琼斯矩阵中计算的结果进行比较,发现在差分群时延小于20 ps时,模拟结果与理论计算值较好相符.分析了如何从偏振度椭球的长轴判断偏振模色散矢量的方向.因此,从得到的偏振模色散矢量的大小和方向信息可以为一阶偏振模色散补偿提供前馈信息.     

原子氢在Be(100)薄膜上吸附的第一性原理计算

对原子氢在Be(1010)薄膜表面的吸附性质做了第一性原理计算研究.根据原子面间距的不同,可把Be(1010)表面分为两种.计算结果表明,原子氢在这两种表面上的吸附性质显著不同.为阐明和分析这些不同,系统计算和分析了Be(1010)薄膜的表面电子结构、电子功函数、平均静电势和局域电荷密度.这些物理量都自洽地表明,吸附过程中原子氢和表面铍原子间的电荷转移过程对于两种表面是完全不同的.对于L型表面来说,电荷由吸附原子氢向表面Be原子层转移,而对于S型表面而言,电荷转移过程恰恰相反.     

五层对称人工超常材料结构的表面等离子体激元

研究了由左手材料、负介电材料、常规介电材料所构成的几种五层对称结构表面等离子体激元的特性.讨论了表面等离子体激元的存在区域、色散关系、以及p和s偏振的表面色散曲线枝,发现表面模的性质强烈依赖于系统的组成材料及其组合方式|层数越多,表面色散曲线枝也越多,处在频率通带的表面极化模态也越多|在五层结构中有p和s两种偏振的表面等离子体激元,在共振时,可导致p波和s波强透射.此外,通过使用衰减全反射方法,探讨了激发并观察表面等离子体激元的可能性.     

五层对称人工超常材料结构的表面等离子体激元

研究了由左手材料、负介电材料、常规介电材料所构成的几种五层对称结构表面等离子体激元的特性.讨论了表面等离子体激元的存在区域、色散关系、以及p和s偏振的表面色散曲线枝,发现表面模的性质强烈依赖于系统的组成材料及其组合方式;层数越多,表面色散曲线枝也越多,处在频率通带的表面极化模态也越多;在五层结构中有p和s两种偏振的表面等离子体激元,在共振时,可导致p波和s波强透射.此外,通过使用衰减全反射方法,探讨了激发并观察表面等离子体激元的可能性.     

Phonon dispersion on Ag(100) surface:A modified analytic embedded atom method study

Within the harmonic approximation, the analytic expression of the dynamical matrix is derived based on the modified analytic embedded atom method(MAEAM) and the dynamics theory of surface lattice. The surface phonon dispersions along three major symmetry directionsΓˉXˉ, Γˉ Mˉ, and Xˉ Mˉ are calculated for the clean Ag(100) surface by using our derived formulas. We then discuss the polarization and localization of surface modes at points Xˉ and Mˉ by plotting the squared polarization vectors as a function of the layer index. The phonon frequencies of the surface modes calculated by MAEAM are compared with the available experimental and other theoretical data. It is found that the present results are generally in agreement with the referenced experimental or theoretical results, with a maximum deviation of 10.4%. The agreement shows that the modified analytic embedded atom method is a reasonable many-body potential model to quickly describe the surface lattice vibration. It also lays a significant foundation for studying the surface lattice vibration in other metals.     

Spin waves in nickel thin films

Dynamic susceptibility and spin waves in nickel thin films are investigated within the framework of the multiband model. Parameters of the model are chosen in such a way that one-electron ground-state results consistent with ab initio theories are obtained. The dispersion relation for spin waves which propagate in the plane parallel to the surface along the [1 0] and [1 1] directions is calculated. Acoustic surface mode is observed up to the Brillouin zone boundary for wave vector q along the [1 1] direction and localization of the mode in the surface layer gradually increases with increasing q. On the other hand, for q in the [1 0] direction acoustic surface mode appears only for low q values and it disappears in the band of bulk modes for greater values of q. Near the zone boundary only bulk modes are observed. It is suggested that the disappearance of the surface mode can be a result of crossing of spin-wave branches.     

Quantum Spin Transport in Rashba Spin-Orbit-Coupled Graphene Nanoflakes

We study the spin-resolved transport in a two-terminal graphene nanoflake device with a Rashba spinorbit coupling region in the center of the device. The Green's function method is applied to the system and the spin transmission probability and the spin polarization in x, y, and z directions are calculated. It is found that the components of the spin polarization are antisymmetric functions of Fermi energy, which oscillate and decay to the zero with increasing the energy for all values of the Rashba strength. It is shown that by tuning the Rashba strength via a gate voltage and/or changing the size of the system, it is possible to control the sign and magnitude of the spin polarization. The system represented here is a typical candidate for full electrical spintronic devices based on the carbon materials that are used for spin filtration.     

Quantum Theory of Surface Polaritons in Semi-Infinite Dielectric Systems

The interaction system of a semi-infinite diatomic dielectric and the electromagnetic field propagating parallelly to the surface is studied. The long-wave optical phonon modes of the semi-infinite dielectric are calculated including the electronic polarizability by a quantum-mechanical theory. Retardation effects are neglected. A quantum field theory method of surface polaritons is developed to calculate the operator describing the interaction between a photon and the phonon polarization fields of the semi-infinite crystal, with explicit inclusion of surface effects. The dispersion relations of the surface phonon-polaritons are derived and discussed. The results are in good agreement with those obtained by the conventional, macroscopic dielectric theory of surface polaritons and experimental ATR (attenuated total reflection) spectra. The dispersion cuwes of polariton leaking modes caused by the interaction between bulk TO mode with surface effect and photons are presented in a graphical form. The k_||-dependence of the electric field strength in each polariton branch is calculated and presented also in a graphical form. We also research the spatial dependence of the field strength in each polariton branch. It is found that these properties are influenced and modulated by the surface phonons because of the interaction between photons and the surface phonon modes of the semi-infinite dielectric system. Hence the divergent nature (diffraction effect) of light propagating along the fib& and waveguides is restrained. We present a method how to use the boundary conditions in the quantum theory, which will be discussed in detail.     

一种T形高功率微波功率合成器

提出了一种新型功率合成器,其工作原理为:通过在两个相互垂直的过模矩形波导中放置两组相互垂直的金属插板,对具有不同极化方向的矩形波导TE10模进行隔离传输,实现高功率微波的双路通道功率合成。基于这一原理初步设计了一个中心频率为9.55 GHz的功率合成器,并进行了数值模拟。模拟结果表明:这种功率合成器可以承受高功率,单通道工作时的功率容量分别大于7.31 GW和6.83 GW,中心频率上两个通道的单模功率传输效率分别达到了98%和99%,反射损耗分别小于-36 dB和-21 dB,通道之间的耦合损耗分别小于-30 dB和-45 dB。     

Electrically controllable spin transport in bilayer graphene with Rashba spin-orbit interaction

We study the spin transport in bilayer graphene nanoribbons (BGNs) in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit interaction (SOI) and external gate voltages. It is found that the spin polarization can be significantly enhanced by the interlayer asymmetry or longitudinal mirror asymmetry produced by external gate voltages. Rashba SOI alone in BGNs can only generate current with spin polarization along the in-plane y direction, but the polarization components can be found along the x, y and z directions when a gate voltage is applied. High spin polarization with flexible orientation is obtained in the proposed device. Our findings shed new light on the generation of highly spin-polarized current in BGNs without external magnetic fields, which could have useful applications in spintronics device design.     

复合金属光栅模式分离与高性能气体传感器应用

为实现近红外波段表面等离子体共振(SPR)模式的分裂和移动, 同时提高光栅基SPR传感器的品质因数, 提出了一种由双金属光栅构成的新型复合结构光栅, 并研究了其气体传感特性. 运用有限时域差分算法对该结构进行了数值模拟, 发现由复合金属光栅激发的SPR出现模式分裂的现象. 通过增大双金属光栅阵列间的相对位移改变原结构的对称性, 导致复合金属光栅分裂的SPR模式朝相反方向移动. 当相对位移量进一步增大到双光栅合并成新的单一光栅时, 随光栅结构对称性的恢复, 分裂的两共振模式最后又重新合并为一个模式. 如果待测物的折射率为1.01≤n_a≤1.05, 当相对位移量为0时, 基于复合光栅结构气体传感器的折射率灵敏度为1207.5 nm/RIU, 且品质因数达到1290.7; 当相对位移量为100 nm时, 与双共振模式对应的折射率灵敏度分别为1205.0 nm/RIU和1210.0 nm/RIU, 品质因数分别为1295.4和762.3. 因此, 复合光栅SPR传感器具有超高品质因数的性能, 使得它在生物化学传感领域中有巨大的应用潜力.     

双层介电系统的Raman散射——ZnSe/玻璃和ZnSe/GaAs的表面声子模

本文实验观测了双层介电系统ZnSe/玻璃和ZnSe/GaAs的表面声子模,并利用极化场边界条件对上述体系的表面声子频率进行了计算。实验结果与计算结果符合得比较满意。     

耦合方式与初始条件结构对分数阶双稳态振子环形网络同步的影响

在由分数阶双稳态振子通过最近邻耦合构成的环形网络中研究了振子的同步与耦合方式以及初始条件结构的关系.通过选择初始条件结构、耦合方式和强度,可以控制网络呈现振幅死亡同步态、振幅死亡非同步态、混沌同步态和混沌非同步态等多种动力学行为.参数平面区域ε3-ε2内的最大条件Lyapunov指数和最大Lyapunov指数的等高线进一步表明,y与z方向的耦合竞争对网络的动力学行为的影响结果敏感地依赖于网络的初始条件结构.