Interfering with the neutron spin

Charge neutrality, a spin 1/2 and an associated magnetic moment of the neutron make it an ideal probe of quantal spinor evolutions. Polarized neutron interferometry in magnetic field Hamiltonians has thus scored several firsts such as direct verification of Pauli anticommutation, experimental separation of geometric and dynamical phases and observation of non-cyclic amplitudes and phases. This paper provides a flavour of the physics learnt from such experiments.     

Cosmology with the intergalactic medium

We discuss a few new results which points out the importance of the intergalactic medium as a diagnostic for the formation and evolution of galaxies in the Universe. We discuss the recent studies to determine the power spectrum of fluctuation from QSO-absorption line studies, and then some feedback processes from early galaxies which influence the intergalactic medium.     

Physics with the ALICE experiment

ALICE experiment at LHC collects data in pp collisions at 1497-1 = 0.9, 2.76, and 7 TeV and in PbPb collisions at 2.76 TeV. Highlights of the detector performance and an overview of experimental results measured with ALICE in pp and AA collisions are presented in this paper. Physics with protonproton collisions is focused on hadron spectroscopy at low and moderate p _t . Measurements with lead-lead collisions are shown in comparison with those in pp collisions, and the properties of hot quark matter are discussed.     

Interactions of the solar neutrinos with the deuterons

The beta decay of ³¹Cl has been studied with a silicon detector array and a HPGe detector at the IGISOL facility. Previously controversial proton peaks have been confirmed to belong to ³¹Cl and a new proton group with an energy of 762(14) keV has been found. Proton captures to this state at 6921(15) keV in ³¹S can have an effect on the reaction rate of ³⁰P(p,γ) in ONe novae. Gamma rays of 1249.1(14) keV and 2234.5(8) keV corresponding to the de-excitations of the first two excited states in ³¹S have been measured. No beta-delayed protons from the IAS have been observed.     

用松弛法解薛定谔方程

求解定态薛定谔方程常常会涉及到常微分方程的本征值问题.目前解常微分方程本征值用的比较多的方法是以龙格-库塔方法为基础的打靶方法.打靶方法常用,但是计算时间长.当边界条件比较复杂或比较敏感的时候,用松弛法会有更好的效果.本文用松弛法解薛定谔方程,并和理论解进行比较.发现松弛法得到的数值解和理论解符合度很高,而且使用松弛法能够很快得到符合要求的解.     

Troubles with the Proton rms-Radius

Due to the peculiar shape of the proton charge density ??(r) the value of the rms-radius r _rms determined from electron scattering data depends strongly on the density ??(r) at large radii, which is not fixed by scattering data. Supplementing the data with the large-r shape of ??(r) resulting from the Fock components (n?+???, . . .) dominating the large-r behavior produces a more reliable value. This radius agrees with the one we previously extracted, but disagrees with the one recently obtained from muonic Hydrogen. The origin of the discrepancy is not understood.     

Imaging with the optoacoustic effect

Optoacoustic imaging is a new technique with unusual features. It allows not only optical imaging, but also imaging of thermal structures on and in the sample. With optical radiation, images are produced from sample depths exceeding the optical penetration depth by several orders of magnitude. The resolution of, at present, about 7μm reveals microscopic structures. With simple image processing techniques information can be obtained from certain sample layers, and background structure can be suppressed.     

Polaron with the anisotropic mass

Mass correction formulae for the polaron with the anisotropic mass are derived and used to calculate the bare masses from the observed anisotropic polaron masses in TlCl and TlBr.     

Rotators with long-range interactions: connection with the mean-field approximation

We analyze the equilibrium properties of a chain of ferromagnetically coupled rotators which interact through a force that decays as r(-alpha) where r is the interparticle distance and alpha>/=0. By integrating the equations of motion we obtain the microcanonical time averages of both the magnetization and the kinetic energy. We detect three different regimes depending on whether alpha belongs to the intervals [0,1), (1,2), or (2,infinity). For 0相似文献   

光谱法研究聚赖氨酸与纤维蛋白原的相互作用

聚赖氨酸是一种重要的聚阳离子,在生物医药领域具有广泛的应用前景。但是,目前其血液相容性的相关报道较少,特别是通过光谱法研究其与血液中重要蛋白的相互作用。因此,通过多种光谱法研究聚赖氨酸与纤维蛋白原的相互作用,进一步评价其血液相容性具有一定的创新性。本实验通过荧光、紫外和圆二色谱研究聚赖氨酸对纤维蛋白原结构的影响。其中,聚赖氨酸的正电性随着浓度增大而增大;复合实验显示,0.01 mg·mL-1的聚赖氨酸对纤维蛋白原的功能影响较小,随着浓度增大,相互作用增强;荧光光谱显示,纤维蛋白原在λ_em=341 nm处出现浓度依赖性的荧光猝灭;紫外光谱显示,聚赖氨酸对纤维蛋白原吸收强度(200～240和278 nm处)的影响在0.025 mg·mL-1时较小,并出现浓度依赖性的减少;圆二色光谱显示,随着聚赖氨酸浓度增大,纤维蛋白原的α-螺旋含量减少,β-折叠、β-转角和无规卷曲含量增加。结果表明,聚赖氨酸会与纤维蛋白原发生静电相互作用,对其结构造成浓度依赖性的影响。当浓度为0.01和0.025 mg·mL-1时,聚赖氨酸对纤维蛋白原结构的影响较小;而浓度过大时,影响较大,势必破坏纤维蛋白原的生理功能。因此,研发和应用聚赖氨酸时必须充分考虑浓度因素。本实验提供了一种简便而系统的方法来研究材料与蛋白的作用,有利于充分评价材料的血液相容性。此外,上述研究结果对聚赖氨酸的生物医学应用具有重要的指导意义。     

Inflation with improved D3-brane potential and the fine tunings associated with the model

We revisit our earlier investigations of the brane–antibrane inflation in a warped deformed conifold background, reported in Phys. Lett. B 674, 131 (2009), where now we include the contributions to the inflation potential arising from imaginary anti-self-dual (IASD) fluxes including the term with irrational scaling dimension discovered recently in  and . We observe that these corrections to the effective potential help in relaxing the severe fine tunings associated with the earlier analysis. Required number of e-folds, observational constraint on COBE normalization and low value of the tensor to scalar ratio are achieved which is consistent with WMAP seven years data.     

The Cross Section of the Inelastic Interaction of Protons with the Tungsten Obtained with the PAMELA Space Experiment

We present the energy dependence of the cross section for the inelastic interaction of protons with tungsten in the energy range from an order of 1 to hundred GeV using the data of the PAMELA space experiment. It was intended for the precision measurements of the cosmic ray fluxes of different nature and include a set of detectors for the reliable determination of the particle characteristics. We present the comparison of the obtained results with the measurements at accelerators and with existing theoretical models. The results of the work can be demanded for the development of numerical models describing particles’ interactions.

     

N‐Methylbenzoazacrown ethers with the nitrogen atom conjugated with the benzene ring: the improved synthesis and the reasons for the high stability of complexes with metal and ammonium cations

An improved method for the synthesis of formyl derivatives of N‐methylbenzoazacrown ethers is proposed. They are prepared in up to 68% yields over fewer steps and with a much shorter time required for the last step. The stability constants of complexes formed by N‐methylbenzoazacrown ethers and their structural analogs with alkali metal, alkaline‐earth metal and ammonium cations were determined by ¹H NMR titration in CD₃CN. High stability of complexes of N‐methyl derivatives of benzoazacrown ethers is demonstrated, comparable with or even exceeding the stability of benzocrown‐ether complexes and markedly exceeding the stability of complexes of phenylazacrown ethers with the same macrocycle size. The structures of azacrown ethers and their complexes with Ba(ClO₄)₂ were studied by X‐ray diffraction. A high degree of pre‐organization of N‐methylbenzoazacrown ethers toward the formation of complexes with metal and ammonium cations was noted, which is due to the clear‐cut pyramidal geometry of the nitrogen atom and the orientation of the lone electron pairs (LEPs) of most heteroatoms towards the centre of the macroheterocycle. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Production of hypernuclei with the reaction

We present results on the production of bound states of Θ⁺ in nuclei using the (K⁺,π⁺) reaction. By taking into account the states obtained within a wide range of strength of the Θ⁺ nucleus optical potential, plus the possibility to replace different nucleons of the nucleus, we obtain an excitation spectra with clearly differentiated peaks. The magnitude of the calculated cross sections is well within reachable range.     

Computational anatomy with the SPM software

An overview of computational procedures for examining neuroanatomical variability is presented. The review focuses on approaches that can be applied using the SPM software package, beginning by explaining briefly how statistical parametric mapping is usually applied to functional imaging data. The review then proceeds to discuss volumetry, with an emphasis on voxel-based morphometry, and the pre-processing steps involved using the SPM software. Most volumetric studies involve univariate approaches, with a correction for some global measure, such as total brain volume. In contrast, the overall form of the brain may be more accurately modeled using multivariate approaches. Such models of anatomical variability may prove accurate enough for computer assisted diagnoses.     

Cosmology with the Nearby Supernova Factory

The Nearby Supernova Factory (SNfactory) is currently finishing its first survey of low redshift (0.03<z<0.08) type Ia supernovae. These data add to the understanding of the expansion history of the universe. Observations are performed using the Supernova Integral Field Spectrograph (SNIFS), an integral field spectrograph delivering full spectro-photometric information of the target. The corresponding dataset aims at the inference of the Hubble diagram zero point with unprecedented accuracy. Moreover, the data offers a variety of related physical studies such as the understanding of progenitor systems, explosion scenarios and host galaxy characteristics. The SNfactory is also working on novel methods accessible with spectro-photometric measurements, reducing systematic uncertainties and improving the statistical power of the SN data.