Adsorption Behavior of CH2 and CH3 on Metal Clusters Cun (n=1-6)

利用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的广义梯度近似(PW91)和杂化泛函(B3LYP)两种理论方法,计算了小分子CH2和CH3在Cun(n=1～6)团簇上的吸附能、电荷布局和振动等吸附性质. 结果表明,B3LYP方法得到的CH2和CH3吸附在Cun团簇上的结果更好一些;CH2在Cun团簇上的吸附要比CH3的吸附强. 吸附过程中也发生电荷从金属Cun团簇上转移到CH2和CH3上的现象. 计算得到的C-H键的振动频率与实验上测量的这两个分子吸附在Cu(111)表面的结果符合得很好     

Vibrational Spectra and Adsorption of Trisiloxane Superspreading Surfactant at Air/Water Interface Studied with Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy

使用界面和频振动光谱(SFG-VS)测量了空气/水界面三甲基硅烷表面活性剂Silwet L-77的C-H伸缩振动光谱．这些光谱峰主要是在2905 cm-1附近属于-Si-CH3基团的对称伸缩(SS)振动,在2957 cm-1的主要是-Si-CH3基团反对称伸缩(AS)振动,以及明显较弱的在2880 cm-1附近的属于-O-CH2-基团的对称伸缩(SS)振动．通过比较低于和高于临界聚集或胶束浓度(CAC)的SFG-VS偏振光谱显示Silwet L-77分子的C-H基团取向在不同的界面密度下变化很小．SFG-VS测量的吸附等温线表明Silwet L-77分子在空气/水界面没有形成所谓的双层结构的迹象．Silwet L-77分子在空气/水界面的Gibbs吸附自由能为-42.2±0.8 kJ/mol,表明该分子具有很强的表面吸附能力．     

原子氢在Be(1010)薄膜上吸附的第一性原理计算

对原子氢在Be(1010)薄膜表面的吸附性质做了第一性原理计算研究.根据原子面间距的不同，可把Be(1010)表面分为两种.计算结果表明，原子氢在这两种表面上的吸附性质显著不同.为阐明和分析这些不同，系统计算和分析了Be(1010)薄膜的表面电子结构、电子功函数、平均静电势和局域电荷密度.这些物理量都自洽地表明，吸附过程中原子氢和表面铍原子间的电荷转移过程对于两种表面是完全不同的.对于L型表面来说，电荷由吸附原子氢向表面Be原子层转移，而对于S型表面而言，电荷转移过程恰恰相反. 关键词： 表面能 功函数 量子尺度效应     

二氧化钛薄膜表面甲醇吸附的和频振动光谱

自行搭建了用于研究表面光催化的宽带红外和频振动光谱并可以原位紫外光激发的装置. 利用自制的结构紧凑小巧的高真空样品池,可以在10 kPa氧气氛围下经原位紫外光照除掉 射频磁控溅射制备的二氧化钛薄膜表面的有机污染物. 通过在室温下改变甲醇气压和指认吸附在薄膜表面的甲醇的和频振动光谱,发现薄膜表面有两种吸附的甲醇,分子形式吸附的甲醇(CH₃OH)和解离吸附的甲醇(CH₃O). 当甲醇的覆盖度由低变高时,分子形式吸附的甲醇的CH₃的对称伸缩振动和费米共振峰红移了6～8 cm^-1. 真空下,薄膜表面的甲氧基和表面的氢原子可以重新结合并以甲醇分子的形式脱附. 研究表明二氧化钛薄膜体系存在两个平衡：气相甲醇和表面吸附的甲醇分子之间,以及表面吸附的甲醇分子和甲氧基之间.     

HArF和HNO二聚体相互作用氢键的理论研究

用二阶微扰理论结合6-311+G**、6-311++G**和6-311++G(2d,2p)基组对氢键相互作用二聚体HNO···HArF进行研究．在MP2/6-311+G**、MP2/6-311++G**和MP2/6-311++G(2d,2p)水平上，利用标准方法和均衡校正方法对二聚体进行了几何优化、振动频率和相互作用能的计算．对于相互作用能采用G2MP2方法计算．计算结果表明存在两种稳定的二聚体HNO···HArF结构，在这两种结构中，Dimer I(H···F)比Dimer II(H···O)更加稳定．通过振动频率的计算表明，在Dimer I(H···F)中存在N-H···F蓝移氢键，在DimerII(H···O)中存在Ar-H···O红移氢键，并对蓝移氢键加以确认．利用电子密度拓扑学分析和自然键轨道分析对于氢键红移和蓝移进行了合理解释．     

五氯苯酚在赤铁矿表面吸附的红外光谱研究

由静态实验得到了五氯苯酚在赤铁矿表面吸附的pH等温线,最大吸附量发生在pH值6.0处,赤铁矿等电点pH值8.5处的吸附量为最大吸附量的31%。通过FTIR分析了赤铁矿吸附前后的变化,研究了吸附时五氯苯酚、 赤铁矿存在形态和比例,结果表明: (1)α-Fe₂O₃ 565 cm-1处特征峰吸附前后未发生改变,吸附发生在赤铁矿表面。(2)pH 6.0时,α-Fe₂O₃表面OH与水形成的氢键产生的伸缩振动峰3 438 cm-1位移到了3 417 cm-1,1 643 cm-1表面的H—O—H+的弯曲振动峰由于络合反应发生明显的减弱,1 050～1 100 cm-1处的Fe—OH键峰位移到了950 cm-1且强度增加。五氯苯酚中的1 215 cm-1的C—O键伸缩振动峰位移到1 122 cm-1,两者之间作用以静电吸附为主。(3)pH 8.5时,α-Fe₂O₃表面OH与水形成的氢键产生的伸缩振动峰3 438 cm-1位移到了3 428 cm-1,1 643 cm-1处弯曲振动峰由于氢键反应发生明显的减弱,1 050～1 100 cm-1处的H—O—H+的弯曲振动峰位移到了947 cm-1且强度明显增加,两者之间主要是氢键作用。     

苄基氯在银电极上电还原反应中间体的SERS光谱理论研究

以苄基自由基和苄基阴离子为研究对象,通过理论模拟的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS),研究了这两种电还原中间体在银电极的吸附作用。该理论计算结果不仅为这两种中间体提供了更加完整的振动归属,而且进一步揭示了CH2面外弯曲振动呈现出大的频率位移和强的拉曼信号增强的原因。这个强的SERS谱带与CH2面外弯曲振动和苯环上C—H面外弯曲振动模的耦合相关,也与CH2基团与银表面吸附位的作用强度有关。     

二维衰减全反射红外光谱研究水在聚酰亚胺/二氧化硅纳米高分子复合膜中的吸附扩散行为

考虑到基于聚酰亚胺衍生物的电子器件的稳定性和性能,运用二维衰减全反射红外相关光潜研究了水在聚酰亚胺衍生物:poly(4’4- oxydiphenylene pyromellitimide)和二氧化硅的纳米高分子复合膜中的动态吸附和扩散行为．二维相关光谱区分出了三种不同氢键强度的水分子状态,同时,氢键的数量和强度还对不同状态水分子的扩散速率起了决定性的作用,和PI聚合物本身以及PI表面残留的硅酸形成氢键的水分子的扩散速度则最慢.     

CO与Cs在Ru(101-0)表面上的共吸附研究

CO与Cs在Ru（101－0）表面上共吸附的高分辨电子能量损失谱研究结果表明：CO在有Cs覆盖的Ru（101－0）表面上有两种吸附状态，除了与CO在清洁表面上相似的一种吸附状态以外，还有一种新的吸附状态，它的C—O伸缩振动频率比前者低得多．在CO暴露过程中，CO分子首先吸附在低C—O伸缩振动频率的状态，随着CO覆盖度的增加，两种吸附状态的C—O伸缩振动频率都向高频方向移动．两种吸附状态的C—O伸缩振动频率也与Cs的覆盖度有关．当CO覆盖度饱和后，在Cs覆盖度较高的表面上两种吸附状态的C—O伸缩振动频率相对 关键词：     

为什么水在金属表面的吸附构型是倾斜的——水在铜、铝表面吸附的量子化学计算

用量子化学从头算方法,分别以原子簇Ｃｕ５、Ａｌ４、Ａｌ１０模拟Ｃｕ（１００）和Ａｌ（１１１）表面,在不同基组水平上,计算了水在两种金属表面上倾斜吸附的热能面,结果表明：当计算基组中不含氧原子的ｄ轨道时,得到水分子在金属垂直吸附的构型,这与实验结果不符;当水中氧原子加极化函数时,水分子倾斜吸附时能量较低,得到与实验相符的吸附构型。这说明水中氧原子ｄ轨道在计算中起着关键作用,在成键过程中有着重要影响。     

Vibrational recognition of hydrogen-bonded water networks on a metal surface

The adsorption of water on Pt(111) surface has been studied with ab initio molecular dynamics simulation. Both the energetics and vibrational dynamics indicate the existence of a well-ordered molecular bilayer on this surface. This conclusion is in contrast to the recent result of water on Ru(0001) surface, but agrees with available experiments. In addition, our calculation identifies two different hydrogen bonds in the bilayer. Both can be directly recognized from the vibrational spectra of the OH stretch modes.     

First principles calculation of localized surface phonons and electron-phonon interaction at pb(111) thin films

A first principles calculation of the vibrational modes of Pb(111) thin films of thickness up to 14 layers reveals the existence of localized vibrational modes at the slab's surface. Both longitudinal and transverse surface modes localized a few atomic layers are found at energies above the bulk bands. The frequency of these modes presents a bilayer oscillatory behavior. The electron-phonon interaction of the slab's quantum well states is also calculated. We find a large (small) deformation potential for the lowest unoccupied (highest occupied) quantum well state. Its absolute value is also oscillatory with the number of layers.     

Ice tessellation on a hydroxylated silica surface

The adsorption of water on a fully hydroxylated silica surface is studied by using density-functional total-energy and molecular dynamics calculations. The (100) surface of beta(alpha)-cristobalite covered by geminal hydroxyls has been taken as the substrate. A well-ordered and stable two-dimensional ice with quadrangular and octagonal patterns of hydrogen bond (H-bond) networks-an ice tessellation-is found on the surface for the first time. With the vibrational recognition, the four water molecules in the quadrangle are found to be bonded by strong H bonds while the quadrangles are connected to each other by weak H bonds. This configuration is the most stable, because all the water molecules are fully saturated with H bonds either to each other or to the surface hydroxyl groups.     

Dynamical and structural properties of adsorbed water molecules at the TiO2 rutile-(110) surface: interfacial hydrogen bonding probed by ab-initio molecular dynamics

ABSTRACT

Ab-initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations have been carried out to study a range of different and energetically-accessible adsorbed-water configurations and motifs for their vibrational and structural characteristics, in contact with rutile-(110) interfaces at 100?K. The radial pair distribution function between the titanium atoms at the interface and the hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the water monolayer show an orientation of the water molecules parallel to the surface of titania, and with hydrogen atoms pointed in the opposite direction to the surface. In some cases, a distinctive vibrational frequency region between 2500 and 3000?cm^?1 has also been observed, due to a strong dispersion interaction between water molecules. This behaviour is also seen in experimental studies of thin-film water coverage on TiO₂ surfaces.     

Structure and Dynamics of Ethanol Adsorbed on a Mica Surface

The structural and dynamic properties of nanoscale ethanol film on a mica surface are investigated via molecular dynamics simulations.We observe a dense,almost flat ethanol bilayer formed in the vicinity of the mica surface,with the hydrophobic alkyl groups pointing outward from the surface.Remarkably,such ethanol bilayer is laterally well-ordered with patterned adsorption sites.Each ethanol molecule in the first layer donates one hydrogen bond to the surface basal oxygen atoms and accepts one hydrogen bond from that in the second layer.The ethanol molecules within the bilayer exhibit constrained lateral mobility and delayed dynamics as compared with bulk ethanol,whereas those on top of the bilayer have bulk-like characteristics.     

Dynamical properties and the proton transfer mechanism in the wetting water layer on Pt(1 1 1)

We have investigated the structural properties and the dynamics in the ()R16.1° (RT39) wetting layer on Pt(1 1 1) found in recent experiments, by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The RT39 bilayer is found to consist of 20% water molecules in the first flat layer, and 66% in the second layer, and a small fraction extending further away. Two-dimensional pair correlation functions are obtained, and calculated vibration spectra are in agreement with experiment. A small fraction of water in this RT39 bilayer dissociates due to both the lateral compression and the substrate effect. Most interestingly, surface mediated proton transfer mechanism in water layers at surface, which differs from the counterparts in bulk water, is discovered.     

Study of translational,librational and intra-molecular motion of adsorbed liquid water monolayers at various TiO2 interfaces

Equilibrium classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed to investigate the vibrational motion of water in contact with rutile-(110), rutile-(100), rutile-(001), anatase-(101) and anatase-(001) surfaces at room temperature (300?K). The vibrational density of states (VDOS) of the first adsorbed monolayer of liquid water has been analysed for each surface. These have been compared with reported experimental INS values involving rutile and anatase polymorph surfaces, along with ab initio MD results. It is observed that good qualitative agreement is obtained for the rutile-(110) and the anatase-(101) surfaces with the corresponding experimental VDOS. A significant contribution from librational dynamics is found for planar rutile surfaces, but no such demarcation is seen in the experimental VDOS.     

Oxide/water interfaces: how the surface chemistry modifies interfacial water properties

The organization of water at the interface with silica and alumina oxides is analysed using density functional theory-based molecular dynamics simulation (DFT-MD). The interfacial hydrogen bonding is investigated in detail and related to the chemistry of the oxide surfaces by computing the surface charge density and acidity. We find that water molecules hydrogen-bonded to the surface have different orientations depending on the strength of the hydrogen bonds and use this observation to explain the features in the surface vibrational spectra measured by sum frequency generation spectroscopy. In particular, 'ice-like' and 'liquid-like' features in these spectra are interpreted as the result of hydrogen bonds of different strengths between surface silanols/aluminols and water.     

Vibrational spectrum at a water surface: a hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics molecular dynamics approach

A hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is applied to the calculation of surface orientational structure and vibrational spectrum (second-order nonlinear susceptibility) at the vapor/water interface for the first time. The surface orientational structure of the QM water molecules is consistent with the previous MD studies, and the calculated susceptibility reproduces the experimentally reported one, supporting the previous results using the classical force field MD simulation. The present QM/MM MD simulation also demonstrates that the positive sign of the imaginary part of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility at the lower hydrogen bonding OH frequency region originates not from individual molecular orientational structure, but from cooperative electronic structure through the hydrogen bonding network.     

Test of the Gouy-Chapman theory for a charged lipid membrane against explicit-solvent molecular dynamics simulations

A wealth of experimental data has verified the applicability of the Gouy-Chapman (GC) theory to charged lipid membranes. Surprisingly, a validation of GC by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations has been elusive. Here, we report a test of GC against extensive MD simulations of an anionic lipid bilayer solvated by water at different concentrations of NaCl or KCl. We demonstrate that the ion distributions from the simulations agree remarkably well with GC predictions when information on the adsorption of counterions to the bilayer is incorporated.