无粲B重子衰变的SU（3）f预言

设想Ｂ重子衰变中，构成这些重子的三种轻夸克的强作用很好地满足ＳＵ（３）ｆ对称性，则此探讨了无粲Ｂ重子的二体衰变，以约化矩阵元作为参数给出各种衰变模式的衰变风率，并推得不同模式衰变几率之间的对称关系，我们期待着不久将来的关实验将可用来提供对这些关系的验证。     

高能物理的实验现状

本文简要介绍国内外高能发展的最新状况，概述了国外对顶夸克存在的证据，电弱相互作用的精密检验及重味物理与轻子物理的进展。另外，还介绍了在北京谱仪上，有关τ质量测量、Ｊ／φ衰变性质、ψ衰变性质及Ｄ５衰变性质方面的最新结果。     

r（1S）的强衰变及粲重子结构的研究

在微拢QCD框架内，利用重子结构的夸克模型，计算了r→pp^-ΛcΛ^-c,∑c∑^-c,ΞcΞ^-c,Ξcc Ξcc-,ΩcccΩ^-ccc。衰变的分支比，讨论了在T衰变中寻找Ωccc粲重子的可能性．     

发现顶夸克的最新证据

介绍了美国费米国家实验室ＣＤＦ合作组关于顶夸克的证据。从１９．３ｐｂ－１积分亮度的质子反质子对撞的数据中，ＣＤＦ找到了一些顶夸克对的可能事例。其中包括两个双轻子事例，１０个轻子加带ｂ夸克标记的强子事例，其中三个事例中ｂ夸克由次级顶点标记，四个事例由半轻子衰变标记，另外三个事例同时由次级顶点和半轻子衰变标记，共１３个标记．这些事例由本底引起的几率为０．２６％。由这些事例拟合得顶夸克质量为１７４±１０ＧｅＶ／ｃ２，其产生截面为１３．９±ｐｂ。     

顶超对称夸克

基于实验尚未完全排除最轻的超对称夸克伴子--标量顶夸克1(1)的寿命可相当长,以至在它产生后衰变之前有机会与通常夸克或胶子形成‘强子'的可能性的这一事实,建立了这一标量顶夸克1(1)和另一重夸克Q(     

相对论夸克模型中底奇异介子的辐射衰变(英文)

系统地研究了相对论夸克模型框架下的底奇异介子的辐射衰变。给出了底奇异介子E1 和M1 辐射衰变分宽度。这些结果表明,大多数电偶极辐射衰变宽带能达到数个keV,大多数磁偶极辐射衰变宽度小于1 个keV,这为实验上通过辐射衰变寻找底奇异介子提供了理论依据。建设中的Belle II 上的实验可以进一步验证我们的结果。We systematically study the radiative transitions of bottom-strange mesons in the framework of the relativistic constituent quark model. The partial widths of the E1 and M1 decays are predicted. The results predict that most of E1 decay widths are several keV and most of M1 decay widths are less than 1 keV,which give a roadmap of searching for the higher bottom-strange mesons via radiative decays. The experimental searches by the forthcoming Belle II can in turn provide further tests to our result in the present work.     

高能物理的实验现状

本文简要介绍国内外高能物理发展的最新状况,概述了国外对顶夸克存在的证据、电弱相互作用的精密检验及重味物理与轻子物理的进展．另外,还介绍了在北京谱仪上,有关τ质量测量、Ｊ／ψ衰变性质、ψ衰变性质及Ｄｓ衰变性质方面的最新结果． The recent experiment status of high energy physics in the world are presented briefly.The evidence for the TOP quark,precision test of EW interaction, heavy flavor physics and lepton physics are summarized in the first part. The second part introduces the new results on τ mass measurement,ψ decay,Ds decay and J/ψ decay performance from BES.     

用共有夸克模型解核内Λ非介子衰变

本文用共有夸克模型讨论了核内弱相互作用过程中的夸克效应,计算出了不同超核中Λ粒子非介子衰变的宽度,并与其它模型的计算结果及实验值进行了比较.     

夸克偶素双光子衰变的相对论效应

考虑到各种相对论效应，唯象地研究了0－＋和0＋＋夸克偶素的双光子衰变. 相比于通常用的非相对论近似，我们的相对论唯象方法给出了3种分别由介子内夸克相对动量，相对能量，以及它的自旋形式的选取带来的效应. 在cc和ss中我们做了具体的分析     

顶超对称夸克t^—与重夸克的束缚态质谱

基于实验尚未完全排除最轻的超对称夸克伴子－－标量顶夸克t1^-(t1^-）的寿命可相当长，以至在它产生后衰变之前有机会与通常夸克或胶子形成‘强子’的可能性的这一事实，建立了这一标量顶夸克t1^-(t1^-)和另一重夸克Q（Q^-）组成的颜色单态束缚态（ct1^-)和(bt1^-）（以及它们反粒子相应的束缚态）的贝特－沙皮特方程，并借助瞬时近似求出了相应束缚态的质谱。     

A remark on KL → 2μ decay and possible existence of new particles

The possibility of production of new particles in yet unobserved decay channels of the K_L meson is discussed in connection with the K_L → 2μ puzzle. Experimental possibilities of searching for these particles are considered.     

What do we learn from the ρ-π puzzle

The experimental observation indicates that the branching ratio of ψ→ρπ is very small while the ρ-π channel is a main one in J/ψ decays.To understand the puzzle,various interpretations have been proposed.Meanwhile according to the hadronic helicity selection rule,this decay mode should be suppressed.Numerical calculations are needed to determine how it is suppressed.We calculate the branching ratios of J/ψ→ρπ and ππ in the framework of QCD.The results show that the branching ratios are proportional to [(Mu+md)/(mJ/ψ)]2 for the ρπ mode and [(Mu-md)/(mJ/ψ)]2 for the ππ mode which is isospin violated.The theoretical prediction of the ratio of J/ψ→ρπ is smaller than data,but not too small to invoke a completely new mechanism.Thus the puzzle is still standing even though we learn much knowledge towards the puzzle and this will help to finally interpret the puzzle and then gain a deeper insight to the heavy quarkonia.     

超氚核寿命之谜及其展望(英文)

近期,基于重离子碰撞的实验组（HypHI,STAR）发表了超氚核（hypertriton）的寿命测量结果。其结果显示,超氚核的寿命比Λ超子短~30%。由于超氚核是一个非常松散的结合态,超氚核的寿命不应远离Λ超子的寿命太多。这一难以解释的现象被称为超氚核的短寿命之谜。为了从不同的实验方法检验超氚核的寿命,我们提出利用J-PARC的K-束流,通过K-+3He → _Λ3H+π0的反应道来测量超氚核寿命的实验。本文将回顾测量超氚核寿命的主要结果,并介绍目前实验方面的最新进展。本合作组提出的原创性实验方案不会受到径迹重建效率的影响,能够为验证超氚核的寿命提供重要的实验数据。     

Spectroscopy of the Λ hypernuclei: New problems and prospects

Nonmesonic weak decays of hypernuclei are analyzed. One peculiar case—decay of A=10 hypernuclei—which can resolve the puzzle of the ratio Γ_n/Γ_p (neutron stimulated to proton stimulated rates) is discussed.     

The π+-emission puzzle in Λ4He decay

We re-examine the puzzling π⁺ emission from the weak decay of _Λ⁴He and propose an explanation in terms of a three-body decay of the virtual Σ⁺. Such a resolution of the π⁺ decay puzzle is consistent with the calculated Σ⁺ probability in light Λ hypernuclei as well as the experimentally observed π⁺ energy spectrum and s-wave angular distribution.     

Soft photon spectrum in orthopositronium and vector quarkonium decays

QED gauge invariance, when combined with analyticity, leads to constraints on the low energy end of the emitted photon spectra. This is known as Low's theorem. It is shown that the Ore–Powell result, as well as further developments for the orthopositronium differential decay rate, are in contradiction with Low's theorem, i.e., that their predicted soft photon spectra are incorrect.A solution to this problem is presented. The implications for the orthopositronium lifetime puzzle, the charmonium ρ–π puzzle, the prompt photon spectrum in inclusive quarkonium decays and the extraction of α_S from quarkonium annihilation rates are briefly commented.     

A theoretical overview of hypernuclear weak decay

The physics of the weak decay of hypernuclei is briefly reviewed from a theoretical point of view. Special regard is devoted to the recent progress concerning the determination of the non-mesonic decay widths and the asymmetry parameters. Convincing evidence has been achieved for a solution of the long-standing puzzle on the ratio Γ_n/Γ_p. Very recently, it has been shown that the exchange of a ππ pair in the weak mechanism plays a crucial role in explaining the discrepancies between theory and experiment on the decay asymmetries.     

Intermediate behavior of Kerr tails

The numerical investigation of wave propagation in the asymptotic domain of Kerr spacetime has only recently been possible thanks to the construction of suitable hyperboloidal coordinates. The asymptotics revealed an apparent puzzle in the decay rates of scalar fields: the late-time rates seemed to depend on whether finite distance observers are in the strong field domain or far away from the rotating black hole, an apparent phenomenon dubbed ‘splitting.’ We discuss far-field ‘splitting’ in the full field and near-horizon ‘splitting’ in certain projected modes using horizon-penetrating, hyperboloidal coordinates. For either case we propose an explanation to the cause of the ‘splitting’ behavior, and we determine uniquely decay rates that previous studies found to be ambiguous or immeasurable. The far-field ‘splitting’ is explained by competition between projected modes. The near-horizon ‘splitting’ is due to excitation of lower multipole modes that back excite the multipole mode for which ‘splitting’ is observed. In both cases ‘splitting’ is an intermediate effect, such that asymptotically in time strong field rates are valid at all finite distances. At any finite time, however, there are three domains with different decay rates whose boundaries move outwards during evolution. We then propose a formula for the decay rate of tails that takes into account the inter-mode excitation effect that we study.     

Flavor changing neutral currents in the Lee–Wick Standard Model

Recently an extension of the Standard Model (the Lee–Wick Standard Model) based on ideas of Lee and Wick (LW) was introduced. It does not contain quadratic divergences in the Higgs mass and hence solves the hierarchy puzzle. The LW Standard Model contains new heavy LW-resonances at the TeV scale that decay to ordinary particles. In this Letter we examine in more detail the flavor structure of the theory. We integrate out the heavy LW-fermions at tree level and find that this induces flavor changing Z-boson couplings. However, these flavor changing neutral currents are acceptably small since they are automatically suppressed by small Yukawa couplings. This is the case even though the theory does not satisfy the principle of minimal flavor violation. New couplings of the charged W-bosons to quarks and leptons are also induced. We also integrate out the LW–Higgs and examine the four-fermion operators induced.     

正电子偶素(o-Ps)寿命困惑及其最终解决

正电子偶素o-Ps是由电子和正电子组成的纯轻子束缚系统，o-Ps在真空中的寿命可由量子电动力学进行精确的理论计算，但长期以来理论值和实验测量值之间存在较大的偏差，为了解决这一问题，理论和实验物理学经过长期共同努力，最终于近年解决了o-Ps寿命困惑．文章简要介绍了正电子偶素o-Ps寿命理论值和实验值之间不一致的历史状况和最近的实验技术的改进以及该问题的最终解决情况，并重点介绍了Tokyo实验组和Michigan实验组的最新结果．