共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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《光学学报》2015,(1)
为了减小激光辐照下反射镜镜面的热变形问题,建立了反射镜热变形的有限元分析模型。对不同制冷功率时的镜面热变形进行分析,然后针对吸收功率为50 W、光斑半径为镜体半径1/3时的TEM00模高斯光束对镜体结构进行优化,对优化后的反射镜在不同参数的TEM00模高斯光束和TEM10、TEM11模厄米特-高斯光束辐照下的热变形进行了分析。仿真结果表明,当施加滞后于激光辐照且与吸收功率近似大小的制冷时,有利于减小镜面热变形,且镜体最终会趋于相对稳定的热平衡状态。此外,当镜体背部切去一厚度为1.4 mm、内径为25 mm的环状区域时,热变形峰谷(PV)值仅为0.005μm;同时,优化后的镜体也可在一定程度上减小其他参数激光辐照下的镜面热变形的PV值。对于TEM00模高斯光束和TEM10、TEM11模厄米特-高斯光束,均满足光学系统对热变形的要求。 相似文献
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加工了射流式水冷铜镜模型,采用红外热像仪测量了冷却过程中镜面温度分布云图,证明了射流式水冷镜冷却的均匀性。采用热电偶较精确地测量了铜镜冷却过程中镜面温度的变化,实验结果与数值模拟吻合较好,验证了射流式水冷镜数值模型的可靠性。结合高能化学激光器中水冷镜实际情况,对直线沟槽型水冷镜和射流式水冷镜的形变特性进行了分析。计算结果表明,高能化学激光器水冷镜必须承压加工才能使用,射流式水冷镜可以很好地应用于高能化学激光器。此外,进一步分析了冷却孔直径和数量这两个参数对大口径射流式水冷镜形变的影响,结果表明:在孔数一定的情况下,采用更大口径的冷却孔,镜面冷却速度快、镜面最大温度低,可以获得更小的镜面形变;采用更多的冷却孔可以获得更好的冷却效果。 相似文献
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针对基于MEMS技术制造的连续面型薄膜微变形反射镜,从薄膜理论出发对其力电耦合变形特性进行理论分析,导出了镜面变形表达式。利用该式及响应频率表达式,定量分析了镜面相关尺寸参数对变形量的关系,为变形镜的结构设计提供了可靠的理论依据。结果表明,当镜面厚度为1 μm且与驱动电极间距20 μm时,对控制电压不超过120 V,响应频率大于50 kHz的应用场合,变形镜镜面半径应在2.1~13.8 mm之间进行选择。仿真结果显示,驱动电压较小时,镜面变形与驱动电压平方近似成线性关系。 相似文献
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扫描式超高速摄影中转镜镜面变形量的几何补偿 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
利用三维有限元计算技术,分析了从三面体到八面体铝合金转镜镜面变形规律.发现以四面体为界,三面体转镜镜面变形为向内凹进,五面体及以上转镜镜面则向外凸出.在对镜面变形定量分析基础上,提出了镜面变形的几何补偿方法,即采用柱面代替平直镜面,使镜面变形后的位置趋近于平直.结果表明,对镜面尺寸17.32 mm,轴向长度32.5 mm的三面体铝合金转镜,在5×104 rpm下,镜面最高点偏离平直镜面的最大值为0.468 μm,是平直镜面的1/9,与相同结构尺寸的铍转镜镜面变形量处于相同量级.说明铝合金转镜采用几何补偿方法,可以在扫描式摄影系统中代替铍转镜. 相似文献
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Lin Zhang Daniele Cocco Nicholas Kelez Daniel S. Morton Venkat Srinivasan Peter M. Stefan 《Journal of synchrotron radiation》2015,22(5):1170-1181
To cover a large photon energy range, the length of an X‐ray mirror is often longer than the beam footprint length for much of the applicable energy range. To limit thermal deformation of such a water‐cooled X‐ray mirror, a technique using side cooling with a cooled length shorter than the beam footprint length is proposed. This cooling length can be optimized by using finite‐element analysis. For the Kirkpatrick–Baez (KB) mirrors at LCLS‐II, the thermal deformation can be reduced by a factor of up to 30, compared with full‐length cooling. Furthermore, a second, alternative technique, based on a similar principle is presented: using a long, single‐length cooling block on each side of the mirror and adding electric heaters between the cooling blocks and the mirror substrate. The electric heaters consist of a number of cells, located along the mirror length. The total effective length of the electric heater can then be adjusted by choosing which cells to energize, using electric power supplies. The residual height error can be minimized to 0.02 nm RMS by using optimal heater parameters (length and power density). Compared with a case without heaters, this residual height error is reduced by a factor of up to 45. The residual height error in the LCLS‐II KB mirrors, due to free‐electron laser beam heat load, can be reduced by a factor of ~11 below the requirement. The proposed techniques are also effective in reducing thermal slope errors and are, therefore, applicable to white beam mirrors in synchrotron radiation beamlines. 相似文献
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Rocking curves of micro‐channel (MC) water‐cooled monochromators are broadened by stresses introduced during fabrication and under X‐ray thermal load. This is a problem which will be even more serious with the rise of the fourth‐generation synchrotron sources, i.e. the free‐electron lasers. The X‐ray optics group at the Institute of Physics at the ASCR v.v.i. in Prague is designing, testing and, with company Polovodi?e a.s., fabricating novel internally water‐cooled Si monochromators. Here three new micro‐channel geometries are introduced which reduce rocking‐curve enlargement owing to the fabrication to less than 2.5 µrad (~0.5 arcsec). All three MC designs show less rocking‐curve enlargement and smoother topographic images. The designs also show better cooling efficiencies than the classical MC design in finite‐element analysis calculations. 相似文献
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This paper describes a new multi-layer complex liquid-cooled Si mirror with 3 cooling ducts in Archimedes spirals. Utilizing the ANSYS program, the structure of the mirror is optimized and the thermal deformation model of the mirror is simulated. The simulation results show that the mirror has the following advantages:very small amount of surface deformation, uniform distribution of temperature and surface deformation,and fast surface shape restoration. The results of the experiments of thermal deformation and the surface restoration are accurately mapped to the simulation results. 相似文献
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A. M. Lipanov S. S. Makarov A. I. Karpov E. V. Makarova 《Thermophysics and Aeromechanics》2017,24(1):53-60
A mathematical model was developed for conjugate heat transfer in a heterogeneous system “solid body ? gas-liquid medium” with account for vapor generation at the surface of hot metal cylinder with cooling by a longitudinal water flow. Results are presented for numerical parametric calculations for influence of thermophysical and hydrodynamic characteristics on the pattern of vapor generation at the cooled cylinder surface. 相似文献