脉冲激光沉积Ag:BaTiO3纳米复合薄膜及其光学特性

在MgO(100)基片上利用脉冲激光沉积技术制备了掺有Ag纳米颗粒的BaTiO₃复合薄膜.通过X射线衍射对薄膜的结构进行了表征,利用透射电子显微镜对Ag纳米颗粒的尺寸、形态进行了观测,X射线光电子能谱结果表明Ag呈金属态.在410—500nm范围内观测到了Ag纳米颗粒引起的等离子振荡峰,随着后处理温度和Ag颗粒浓度的增加,吸收峰发生红移,并出现了双峰现象. 关键词： 金属纳米复合薄膜 激光沉积 光吸收     

脉冲激光沉积Ag:BaTiO3纳米复合薄膜及其光学特性

在MgO(100)基片上利用脉冲激光沉积技术制备了掺有Ag纳米颗粒的BaTiO3复合薄膜.通过X射线衍射对薄膜的结构进行了表征,利用透射电子显微镜对Ag纳米颗粒的尺寸、形态进行了观测,X射线光电子能谱结果表明Ag呈金属态.在410-500 nm范围内观测到了Ag纳米颗粒引起的等离子振荡峰,随着后处理温度和Ag颗粒浓度的增加,吸收峰发生红移,并出现了双峰现象.     

掺Ag纳米颗粒的BaTiO3复合薄膜的非线性光学特性

通过准分子激光(XeCl, 308 nm, 20 ns)在MgO(100)单晶衬底上制备了不同掺杂浓度的Ag:BaTiO₃纳米复合薄膜,通过X射线衍射和X射线光电子能谱对薄膜的结构和组分进行了表征.在430 nm和470 nm附近观测到了不同浓度Ag纳米颗粒引起的等离子体吸收峰,通过z扫描技术对复合薄膜的三阶非线性光学特性进行了测量,并对其光学非线性的增强机制进行了讨论. 关键词： 金属纳米复合薄膜 激光沉积 非线性光学     

掺Ag纳米颗粒的BaTiO3复合薄膜的非线性光学特性

通过准分子激光(XeCl,308 nm,20 ns)在MgO(100)单晶衬底上制备了不同掺杂浓度的Ag:BaTiO3纳米复合薄膜,通过X射线衍射和X射线光电子能谱对薄膜的结构和组分进行了表征.在430 nm和470 nm附近观测到了不同浓度Ag纳米颗粒引起的等离子体吸收峰,通过z扫描技术对复合薄膜的三阶非线性光学特性进行了测量,并对其光学非线性的增强机制进行了讨论.     

双金属/TiO2纳米管复合结构中增强的光电流

将传统半导体材料与金属微纳结构相结合,利用其表面等离激元共振效应,可有效地增强复合结构的光电转换效率,使其广泛地被用于光电化学和光电探测等领域.本文以氧化铝纳米管为模板,采用原子层沉积技术制备出高有序的TiO2纳米管,并通过电子束热蒸发技术在大孔径的纳米管薄膜中分别负载金、铝和双金属金/铝纳米颗粒,形成金属纳米颗粒/TiO2纳米管复合结构.研究结果表明,相对于纯TiO2纳米管,Au/TiO2复合纳米管在568 nm的可见光照射下,其光电流密度约有400%的提高;在365 nm紫外光照射下,Al/TiO2复合纳米管的光电流提高约50%;同时负载双金属Au和Al纳米颗粒的TiO2纳米管在整个紫外-可见光区域光电流均显著增强.     

金属纳米颗粒的导入对顶发射OLED光取出影响的FDTD模拟与研究

由于有机发光二极管（OLED）中存在金属阴极和有机层界面,故部分光子会转化为表面等离子激元沿金属表面传播耗散掉。同时,金属阴极自身也会吸收部分光能量。这两种情况均会导致器件出光率降低。分析了在结构为Ag （100 nm）/MoO₃（5 nm）/NPB （35 nm）/EML （20 nm）/Alq₃（40 nm）/Al （20 nm）/MoO₃（50 nm）的器件内部引入银纳米颗粒（Ag NPs）或者金纳米颗粒（Au NPs）后器件出光效率的变化。同时,改变金属纳米颗粒的位置以观察其对出光效率的影响。利用有限差分时域法对无金属纳米颗粒的器件和金属纳米颗粒位于器件不同位置时的出光效率进行了模拟计算。结果显示,Ag NPs或者Au NPs都可以提高器件出光效率且Ag NPs优于Au NPs。在468 nm波长下,Ag NPs位于Al阴极表面、电子传输层（ETL）中间和Ag表面时器件的透光率分别是51.1%,50.5%和45.5%,而未掺杂Ag NPs的参考器件的透光率仅为43.3%。     

物理掺杂用纳米Fe粉的制备与结构表征

 根据惯性约束聚变靶材料研究的需要采用自悬浮定向流技术制备了金属纳米Fe粉,通过透射电子显微镜和X射线衍射分析技术研究了颗粒的形貌、粒度和相组成。结果表明,所制备的纳米Fe粉为规则的球状颗粒,其粒径分布在30~70 nm之间,在空气中颗粒表面有氧化膜生成,其氧化产物为Fe₃O₄。     

室温氧化还原反应制备AgCuSe三元纳米棒

在室温下通过氧化还原反应制备了AgCuSe三元纳米棒.用X射线粉末衍射、透射电镜和X射线光电子能谱对产物进行了表征.X射线粉末衍射结果表明,产物是四方相AgCuSe;透射电镜结果表明,产物是纳米棒,其直径为5～20nm,长度为200～600nm;X射线光电子能谱结果表明,产物的纯度是很高的,没有单质Ag、Cu等杂质.应用化学热力学原理讨论了产物AgCuSe的生成机理.热力学计算表明,在这个反应体系中最终产物是纯AgCuSe.溶剂乙二胺不仅作为双齿配体与Ag+和Cu+形成稳定的配合物,而且还能溶解金属硒、增强硒的反应性,乙二胺在控制AgCuSe的成核和纳米棒的生长过程中起着重要的作用.     

C/ZrO2复合纳米粉体的快速制备及其机理研究

 采用激波等离子法制备了C/ZrO₂纳米复合粉体。通过X衍射、拉曼光谱对复合粉体的晶相组成进行了分析,利用透射电镜（TEM）对复合粉体的粒度、形貌进行了表征,借助热重分析对粉体的组成进行了检测,进一步对粉体的制备机理进行了探讨。结果表明：激波等离子体法可实现C/ZrO₂纳米复合粉体的快速制备,所制备出粉体的粒径在10 nm左右,复合粉体中碳为石墨相,约占总量的63%（质量分数）,氧化锆占总量的37%,主相为四方相。     

单辊旋淬法制纳米晶铜铍合金及结构分析

 采用单辊旋淬法制备出纳米晶CuBe合金,利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜以及电子能谱等分析方法对纳米晶铜铍合金进行结构分析,并与原始态的CuBe合金的相结构进行了对比。研究表明：合理的快速凝固工艺能使铜铍合金的晶粒尺寸达到30 nm左右,晶粒形貌发生变化,并且有类似CuBe的金属间化合物出现。由于铍原子加入到纯铜中,使得铜铍合金的固溶度扩大,在快速凝固铜合金中有大量细小弥散的第二相颗粒,有共析转变发生。     

Plasmonic enhancement of blue emission from ZnO nanorods grown on the anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template

Luminescent properties of ZnO nanorods covered with Ag nanoparticles are examined. Nanorods were synthesized on AAO templates using Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) technique. Two types of the samples were prepared with different arrangement of ZnO nanorods and doping conditions. Nanorods of the second type were codoped with Al, to stimulate defect-related emissions. The ZnO material fills heterogeneously the interior of the AAO nanopores and has hexagonal, wurtzite structure. Both types of structures exhibit a broad defect-related emission at about 440 nm, most probably related to recombination at zinc interstitial (Zn_i) defects. This emission in samples with a random distribution of ZnO:Al nanorods and finer Ag nanoparticles is enhanced by factor of ～2.5 upon Ag deposition. The so-obtained material is interesting from the point of view of its application in blue range emitting diodes.     

Excimer laser photofragmentation of metallic nanoparticles

Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) were prepared by different chemical methods possessing different sizes. While, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were prepared by borohydride reduction method. The influences the changes in sizes of Ag NPs and Cu NPs were demonstrated by the absorption spectra. When Ag NPs and Cu NPs irradiated with 193 and 308 nm excimer laser, respectively; the maximum absorption decreased as the number of pulses increased up to 10 thousands pulse; due to the size reduction. The TEM photography gives good criteria about the size reduction process. Moreover, the mechanism of photofragmentation was described.     

Strain distributions of confined Au/Ag and Ag/Au nanoparticles

The strain distributions of Au/Ag and Ag/Au nanoparticles confined in the Al2O3 matrix with different core sizes are investigated by using the finite element method, respectively. The simulation results clearly indicate that the compressive strains exerted on the Au/Ag and Ag/Au nanoparticles can be induced by the Al2O3 matrix. Moreover, it can be found that the strain gradient existing in a Au/Ag nanoparticle is much larger than that in a Ag/Au nanoparticle, which could be due to the larger Young's modulus of Au than that of Ag. With the core size increasing, the strain gradient existing in the Au/Ag nanoparticle becomes larger, while the strain gradient existing in the Ag/Au nanoparticle keeps constant. These different strain distributions may have significant influences on the structures and morphologies of the Au/Ag and Ag/Au nanoparticles, leading to the different physical properties for potential applications.     

Silver nanoparticles produced by PLD in vacuum: role of the laser wavelength used

In this work we report the results of investigation of silver (Ag) nanoparticles prepared on a silica substrate by laser ablation. Our attention was focused on the mean diameter, size distribution and optical absorption properties of nanoparticles prepared in vacuum by using different laser wavelengths. The fundamental wavelength and the second, third, and fourth harmonics of a nanosecond Nd:YAG laser were used for nanoparticles fabrication. The corresponding values of the laser fluence for each wavelength were: 0.6 J/cm² at 266 nm, 0.8 J/cm² at 355 nm, 2.8 J/cm² at 532 nm, and 2 J/cm² at 1064 nm. The Ag nanoparticles produced have mean diameters in the range from 2 nm to 12 nm as the nanoparticles’ size decreases with the decrease of the wavelength used. The presence of the Ag nanoparticles was also evidenced by the appearance of a strong optical absorption band in the measured UV-VIS spectra associated with surface plasmon resonance (SPR). A redshift and widening of the absorption peak were observed as the laser wavelength was increased. Some additional investigations were performed in order to clarify the structure of the Ag nanoparticles.     

Doping effect of Ag nanoparticles on critical current of YBa2Cu3O7−δ bulk superconductor

The objective of this work is to investigate the effect of Ag nanoparticles on critical current of YBa₂Cu₃O_7?δ (YBCO) superconductor. Ag nanoparticles with different particle sizes from 30 to 1000 nm were prepared through the chemical reduction of AgNO₃ in an alcohol solution. Then, samples of YBCO superconductors were doped by 1 and 2 wt.% of Ag nanoparticles with different sizes. Samples were characterized with XRD, SEM and EDX measurements. Critical current measurements were performed using a standard four-probe technique at liquid nitrogen temperature. The results showed by increasing of Ag nanoparticles up to 700 nm the J_c increases, but decreases by further increase in Ag particles size. The critical current enhancement is attributed to the improved connectivity between the grain boundaries and better crystallization of the grains.     

对氨基苯甲酸在不同基底上的SERS研究

用氢气还原氧化银的方法合成了粒径约为100nm的银纳米粒子,然后在表面经PVP修饰的载玻片上以自组装的方式构筑了银纳米粒子单层和双层二维有序阵列,在铝基底上通过对氨基苯甲酸成功构筑了银纳米粒子的有序组装体,用扫描电镜进行了表征;对不同基底二维有序阵列的表面增强拉曼光谱进行了研究,结果表明,对氨基苯甲酸在银和铝基基底上都是垂直吸附,其表面拉曼增强效应是电磁场增强占主导地位,但同时也有化学增强的贡献。     

新型C60衍生物／Ag复合纳米材料的制备及光谱性质

利用1,3-偶极环加成反应合成了联吡啶基C60单加成衍生物N-甲基-2-[4′-(4″-甲基-2′,2″-联吡啶基)]-3,4-C60吡咯烷(C60BPY),并用NaBH4还原法和银溶胶直接组装法制备了C60BPY/Ag复合纳米结构。透射电子显微镜(TEM)表明,两种复合纳米结构的粒子粒径分别在30~45nm和40~55nm之间,粒子形状较规则,且分散性较好。在复合纳米结构形成过程中,C60BPY分子有效地控制了银粒子的生长和团聚,起到了很好的稳定和分散作用。紫外-可见吸收光谱中,两种复合纳米结构分别在430和490nm处出现了银纳米粒子的表面等离子体共振吸收峰,说明随着粒径的增大,吸收峰发生了红移。荧光发射光谱显示,C60BPY/Ag复合纳米体系猝灭了C60BPY在720和805nm处的发射峰,并对其机理进行了探讨。这种复合纳米体系有望在光电器件、传感器及催化领域有潜在的应用前景。     

Photoluminescence enhancement by localized surface plasmons in AlGaN/GaN/AlGaN double heterostructures

Double heterostructures AlGaN/GaN/AlGaN grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy and designed for use as light emitting diodes for 360 nm wavelength were patterned by shallow nanoholes and injected with Ag/SiO₂ or Al nanoparticles. A 1.8 times increase in the photoluminescence and microcathodoluminescence signal from the GaN active region was observed for 100 nm diameter Al nanoparticles, the efficiency decreased compared to the reference planar samples for small Al nanoparticles of 30–40 nm diameter, and a moderate increase of 1.2 times was detected for Ag/SiO₂ nanoparticles. The observed phenomena are explained by the GaN emitter coupling with localized surface plasmons produced by metallic nanoparticles. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Ag/Fe/Ag 纳米颗粒膜磁特性和微结构

"利用对靶磁控溅射法制备了一系列Ag/Fe/Ag纳米薄膜,沉积态样品Fe层厚度固定为35 nm,Ag层厚度为1、2、3、4、5 nm．随后对沉积态样品进行了退火处理,退火温度分别为200、300、400、500、600 ℃ , 退火30 min． 利用VSM测量了样品的磁特性, 利用SPM观察样品表面形貌和磁畴结构,并且利用XRD分析了样品的晶体结构．研究结果表明,沉积态样品随Ag层厚度的变化,垂直和平行膜面矫顽力均先增加后减小．当Ag层厚度为3 nm时,垂直膜面矫顽力最大约为260 Oe,样品颗粒分布均     

Fe2O3/Au/Ag磁性核壳纳米粒子的制备及其SERS研究

本文介绍了一种制备多功能磁性Fe2O3/Au/Ag纳米粒子的简捷方法, 制备的粒子直径大约在100 nm左右, 采用UV-vis和SEM对该结构进行了表征。并通过调节硝酸银的用量, 制备了一系列具有不同壳层厚度和表面结构的多重核壳纳米粒子。以苯硫酚(TP)为探针分子, 研究了不同银壳厚度的磁性纳米粒子的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)活性。结果表明随Ag:Au比例的不断增加, 其SERS活性呈现先增大后减小的趋势, 这与表面结构的改变有关。