微米级高聚物包埋型金属铁复合粒子的球磨法制备及其磁流变效应

采用球磨法,能成功地直接从高聚物与金属铁的混合研磨中,获得微米级由聚苯乙烯和 甲基丙烯酸甲酯等高聚物包埋型金属羰基铁复合粒子。详细讨论制备条件包括不同高聚物比例、球磨时间对复合粒子形貌和粒径的影响及其复合粒子的热稳定性,还简要研究了由这些粒子组成的浓有机悬浮溶液的磁流变效应及其粒子的沉降稳定性。     

SnO2-TiO2复合颗粒的形态结构及其光催化活性

在气溶胶反应器中,利用ＴｉＣｌ４高温氧化反应制备超细ＴｉＯ２,采用均匀沉淀法在ＴｉＯ２表面沉积ＳｎＯ２制备ＳｎＯ２－ＴｉＯ２复合颗粒,应用ＴＥＭ、ＥＥＤＳ、ＳＲＤ、ＢＥＴ比表面积测试等手段对粒子进行表征。以活性艳红Ｘ－３Ｂ复合颗粒,应用ＴＥＭ、ＥＤＳ、ＸＲＤ、ＢＥＴ比表面积测试等手段对粒子进行表征。以活性艳红Ｘ－３Ｂ溶液为处理对象考察复合颗粒的光催化活性。结果表明ＳｎＯ２－ＴｉＯ２复合颗粒的光催化     

金属铁纳米粒子的液相制备表面修饰及其结构表征

报道在知性剂存大的条件下于乙醇／水的简单液相体系中以ＫＢＨ４还原制备金属铁纳米粒子,然后再用含镍盐修饰溶液进行原位粒子的表面修饰,并通过Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、光电子能谱分析（ＸＰＳ）、透射电子显微分析（ＴＥＭ）、选区电子衍射（ＥＤ）表征和讨论所得产物粒子的形貌结构特征和粒子大小。结果表明,初始生成的金属铁纳米粒子与修饰溶液的电化学反应形成以金属纳米铁核为中心的具有较好稳定性的多层复合结构。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备Polyme/MS/SiO2(M=Pb,Cd)复合纳米材料

采用溶胶－凝胶结合水热结晶技术,可成功把高聚物引入MS－SiO2网络结构。合成一种新型的有机－无机硫化物即Polymer/MS/SiO2(M=Pb,Cd)复合纳米材料,其中聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯或聚丙烯酰胺等高聚物的引入将有效地防止无机粒子团聚,控制粒子尺寸,前者还能形成核－壳结构复合粒子。作者还详细讨论了该复合纳米材料的热分析,结果表明,聚合物的存在提高了原有MS－SiO2(M=Pb,Cd)材料的热稳定性。     

掺杂铁的CeO2纳米颗粒的制备与表征

利用反相共沉淀法,合成了掺杂过渡金属铁的CeO2纳米颗粒.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱等测试手段对产物进行了分析和表征.结果表明,掺杂铁的CeO2纳米颗粒是纯立方莹石结构;过渡金属铁掺入了CeO2的晶格;其相比于不掺铁的CeO2纳米颗粒吸收...     

5-Br-PADAP-OP双波长分光光度法同时测定血清中微量铁和铜

本文研究了用ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００作为增溶、增敏稳定剂，以５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ为显色剂，用双波长分光光度法同时测定血清中微量铁、铜的方法，本法具有较高的灵敏度，回收率实验及重复性实验结果都令人满意。     

非离子型微乳液对导数分光光度法测定微量铁的增敏作用

与胶束介质比较,非离子型Ｏ／Ｗ微乳液Ｔｒｉｔｏｎ Ｘ－１００／ｎ－Ｃ５Ｈ１１ＯＨ／ｎ－Ｃ９Ｈ２０／Ｈ２Ｏ对以磺基水杨酸为显色剂三阶导数分光光度法测定微量铁有更好的增敏作用。在ｐＨ４－６的六次甲基四胺－盐酸介质中,铁－磺基水杨酸配合物的最大吸收工λｍａｘ为２４９ｎｍ,微乳液介质中的测定灵敏度比胶束介质中提高近一倍。     

析相光度法测定微量铬的研究

研究了Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）－ＤＢＡＶ－ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００析相显色体系,建立了测定微量铬的析相光度法,在ＰＨ４．５的乙酸－乙酸钠介质中,Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）、ＤＢＡＶ、ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００加热形成配合物,于９５℃恒温水浴中析相１ｈ,即被ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００相完全富集,最大吸收峰为５５６ｎｍ,铬含量在０－１０μｇ／５ｍＬ范围内服从比耳定律,用于测定水样中的微量铬,结果令人满意。     

BaFe12O19包覆γ—Fe2O3复合磁粉的微结构及其磁性能研究

采用表面包覆法合成了一系列不同包覆量的ＢａＦｅ１２Ｏ１９－γ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３复合磁粉,以Ｘ射线衍射为主要测试手段,仔细分析了不同包覆量下复合粒子的结构。研究表明;由于高温下离子在扩散作用,使得在ＢａＦｅ１２Ｏ１９和γ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ两相之间形成了一层过渡层,正是由于过渡层的存在,致使复合粒子的磁性能随ｘＢａＦｅ１２Ｏ１９的变化有一定滞后。     

无机-高分子磁性复合粒子的制备与表征

详细地研究了乳化剂用量对种子乳液聚合反应的影响,并成功地制备出粒径约为３００的苯乙烯／丙烯酸共聚小球。另外,还报道使用化学共沉淀法使无机粒子与高分子球复合,制备出高分子球为核,无机粒子为壳层的磁性复合料子,使用ＸＲＤ、ＴＥＭ等手段对此复合料子进行了表征。同时,进一步研究了这种复合粒子悬浮液的悬浮性能以及粘度随磁场的变化情况。     

Acrylic coatings exhibiting improved hardness, solvent resistance and glossiness by using silica nano-composites

To prepare nano-composite emulsion acrylic resins with improved surface hardness and solvent resistance, nano-silica particles were treated with surfactants. The monomers of methyl methacrylate/butylacrylate were co-polymerized on the surface of dispersed silica particles. Several emulsions with different silica contents and copolymer mole fractions were prepared. Finally the emulsions were modified to water-based acrylic coatings and improved properties such as surface hardness, solvent resistance and glossiness were determined. The study of coatings was directed to find the improved resin by optimum surface properties. Size distribution and morphology of latexes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The glass transition temperature of nano-composites was measured and discussed its relation with silica contents, monomer mole fractions and improved properties of coatings. The optimum pendulum hardness of coatings was on 0.46 methyl methacrylate mole fraction and 120 g silica content. An increase in pendulum hardness of nano-composites with the addition of modified silica was observed. DLS and TEM studies indicate that silica particles were dispersed homogenously through the polymer matrix.     

Phase Composition and Properties of Iron Nanocrystals and Clusters Embedded in MgO Matrix

Formation and stability of highly dispersed iron particles in crazed porous polymer matrices were studied. The iron–polymer composites obtained were characterized by different morphologies and dimensions of iron particles. The phase content of the iron constituent in a composite studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy was shown to depend on the type of the iron salt and the method of introduction of the initial reagents into a polymer.     

Effect of Cyclic Deformation on Magnetorheological Elastomers

采制备了铁颗粒含量分别是60%,70%和80%的三种材料,在应变幅值为50%,75%和100%的循环加载条件下,利用改进后的动态力学分析仪测试了循环加载后材料的储能模量和损耗模量. 结果显示铁颗粒含量为70%和80%的样品,其储能模量和损耗模量都和循环加载的幅值以及循环加载的次数有关,铁颗粒含量为80%样品受加载条件的影响尤其明显. 但铁颗粒含量为60%的样品,其性能却与循环加载的幅值和次数无关. 为了更好的研究磁流变弹性体受循环加载后的性能,样品还进行了准静态拉伸测试,并用扫描电镜对测试的样品进行了原位观察.     

Enhancement in Magnetorheological Effect of Magnetorheological Elastomers by Surface Modification of Iron Particles

为了研制具有高磁流变效应的磁流变弹性体,从新的化学修饰的角度制备了各向异性的橡胶基磁流变弹性体. 阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂和复合表面活性剂等三种不同类型的表面活性剂分别用于修饰铁颗粒. 使用力磁耦合动态测试仪测量磁流变弹性体的动态剪切模量,并计算材料的磁流变效应. 测试结果表明,当Span 80的含量为15%时,材料的相对磁流变效应可达到188%,除了表面活性外,Span 80的增塑效应也有利于相对磁流变效应的增加. 当使用具有强表面活性的复合表面活性剂修饰铁颗粒时,用量只需0.4%,便可使相对     

Damping of Magnetorheological Elastomers

利用改装后的力磁耦合动态测试系统实验研究了磁流变弹性体在磁场下的阻尼性能. 实验得出了外加磁场的磁感应强度、基体的本征阻尼、铁粉含量、动态应变以及激励频率对磁流变弹性体阻尼的影响规律. 发现了磁流变弹性体的阻尼在很大程度上是由基体和颗粒之间的界面滑移所决定的. 而且该界面滑移不同于一般复合材料,它会受到外加磁场的影响..     

Fabrication of superhydrophobic polyurethane/organoclay nano-structured composites from cyclomethicone-in-water emulsions

Nano-structured polyurethane/organoclay composite films were fabricated by dispersing moisture-curable polyurethanes and fatty amine/amino-silane surface modified montmorillonite clay (organoclay) in cyclomethicone-in-water emulsions. Cyclomethicone Pickering emulsions were made by emulsifying decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D₅), dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D₆) and aminofunctional siloxane polymers with water using montmorillonite particles as emulsion stabilizers. Polyurethane and organoclay dispersed emulsions were spray coated on aluminum surfaces. Upon thermosetting, water repellent self-cleaning coatings were obtained with measured static water contact angles exceeding 155° and low contact angle hysteresis (<8°). Electron microscopy images of the coating surfaces revealed formation of self-similar hierarchical micro- and nano-scale surface structures. The surface morphology and the coating adhesion strength to aluminum substrates were found to be sensitive to the relative amounts of dispersed polyurethane and organoclay in the emulsions. The degree of superhydrophobicity was analyzed using static water contact angles as well as contact angle hysteresis measurements. Due to biocompatibility of cyclomethicones and polyurethane, developed coatings can be considered for specific bio-medical applications.     

Versatile ferrofluids based on polyethylene glycol coated iron oxide nanoparticles

Versatile ferrofluids based on polyethylene glycol coated iron oxide nanoparticles were obtained by a facile protocol and thoroughly characterized. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized using a modified forced hydrolysis method were functionalized with polyethylene glycol silane (PEG silane), precipitated and dried. These functionalized particles are dispersable in a range of solvents and concentrations depending on the desired properties. Examples of tunable properties are magnetic behavior, optical and magneto-optical response, thermal features and rheological behavior. As such, PEG silane functionalized particles represent a platform for the development of new materials that have broad applicability in e.g. biomedical, industrial or photonic environments. Magnetic, optical, magneto-optical, thermal and rheological properties of several ferrofluids based on PEG coated particles with different concentrations of particles dispersed in low molecular mass polyethylene glycol were investigated, establishing the applicability of such materials.     

Rheology of nanosized hairy grain suspensions

Suspensions of nanosized hairy grains have been prepared by grafting long polydimethylsiloxane chains (molecular weight ) onto silica particles (radius ), dispersed into a good solvent of PDMS. Depending on the particle volume fraction, different rheological behaviors are observed. In the very dilute regime, the suspensions are perfectly stable and the particles behave almost as hard spheres: flow penetration inside the corona is then very weak. When the particle volume fraction goes to the close packing volume fraction, the suspension viscosity does not diverge as for hard spheres due to the increase of flow penetration inside the corona and to corona entanglements. The particles have then the same behavior as polymer stars having an intermediate number of arms (). Finally, in the concentrated regime (), the suspensions form irreversible gels. We shown that this unexpected gelation phenomenon is related to the presence of the silica cores: grafted PDMS chains can adsorb onto different particles and form irreversible bonds between the cores. The viscosity and elastic modulus evolutions during gelation are well described by the scalar percolation model of sol-gel transition. Received 23 March 1998     

Controlling cell-material interactions with polymer nanocomposites by use of surface modifying additives

Polymer nanocomposites (NC) are fabricated by incorporating well dispersed nanoscale particles within a polymer matrix. This study focuses on elastomeric polyurethane (PU) based nanocomposites, containing organically modified silicates (OMS), as bioactive materials. Nanocomposites incorporating chlorhexidine diacetate as an organic modifier (OM) were demonstrated to be antibacterial with a dose dependence related to both the silicate loading and the loading of OM. When the non-antibacterial OM dodecylamine was used, both cell and platelet adhesion were decreased on the nanocomposite surface. These results suggest that OM is released from the polymer and can impact on cell behaviour at the interface. Nanocomposites have potential use as bioactive materials in a range of biomedical applications.