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金属的冲击温度及熔化温度测量对构建其完全状态方程具有重要意义。简要综述了用于金属冲击温度及熔化温度辐射法测量的一维热传导理想界面模型和非理想界面模型,并着重对模型中明示或隐含的关键假定的合理性、影响金属冲击温度与熔化温度结果的主要因素进行了分析、讨论,以期对实验数据有一个合理的评估。还讨论了求解理想和非理想界面模型一维热传导方程界面温度时所隐含的冲击压缩下热导率不随温度而变、冲击压缩下金属样品/窗口界面辐射的灰体假定,以及窗口材料的透明性、非理想界面模型中表观界面温度的修正、动载条件下金属高压熔化温度的测量、界面的非Flourier热传导等问题。分析结果表明,目前采用辐射法测量大致可以得到冲击温度,在发生熔化的情况下可获得熔化温度,但离精密测量的要求还有较大差距。 相似文献
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利用小波包分析法对水中丝爆炸电流波形进行去噪处理,结果表明,小波包分析法不仅能有效地去除严重的干扰信号,而且能有效地保持爆炸丝完全熔化时电流的突变信号,当电容器的初始电压低时,回路电流在爆炸丝完全熔化时出现明显的突变,当初始电压较高时,该突变现象明显减弱。 相似文献
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采用理想流体对称碰撞模型,分析了爆炸焊接流场中沿流线的物理变形,推导出了角变形的理论计算公式,并采用Visual C++语言对其进行了编程计算,获得了驻点近区角变形的大小及变化规律。结果表明,在驻点近区,沿来流至出流方向角变形逐步增大,其变化率在驻点附近最大;沿出流方向,给定碰撞角,角变形随来流速度的增加而增大;给定来流速度,角变形随碰撞角的增大而减小。从理论和实验方面,间接地将计算结果与前人的结论进行了对比验证,结果是一致的,以此为基础配合驻点近区的应变率场,讨论了其对爆炸焊接波状界面形成的影响。 相似文献
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研究了爆轰驱动Cu界面的扰动增长过程,分析了不同初始条件下的扰动增长规律和主要失稳机制.研究结果表明:温度相关的熔化失稳和塑性变形相关的拉伸断裂失稳是界面扰动增长过程的主要失稳机制;高能炸药爆轰驱动Cu材料界面时,冲击波加载引起的温升和扰动增长阶段塑性功转换引起的温升不足以熔化Cu材料,拉伸断裂是导致扰动增长不稳定的主要机制;扰动增长非线性阶段尖钉的最大累积有效塑性应变与尖钉振幅之间存在定标关系,结合熔化条件和断裂应变判据建立的尖钉振幅失稳条件可用于分析界面扰动增长的稳定性. 相似文献
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有分散热源时矩形区域内熔化问题的数值解 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
为了探索在电子设备冷却中应用固液相变冷却的可能性,本文用数值方法求解了一侧垂直壁上有三个分散热源、其余三个面均绝热时矩形区域内的二维熔化传热问题,对固液界面形状以及加热壁面温度沿高度方向的变化规律进行了讨论。 相似文献
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对爆炸粉末烧结过程中颗粒间的结合和沉能机制进行了分析,用反映微孔隙闭合的一维球对称塌缩模型对爆炸粉末烧结后期由微孔隙闭合引起的沉能现象进行了研究。在球对称塌缩一维流动的控制方程中引入传热项的影响,采用刚塑性假设并引入热粘塑性本构关系,利用有限差分法对球壳收缩过程中的温度分布进行了计算。结果表明:热传导的影响随孔隙尺度的变小而变大;球壳收缩过程中其内壁经历了从弹塑性体到流体的转变,其温升远高于其它部位的温升,其它部位较低的温度将对熔化的球心起到低温淬火作用。 相似文献
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为了改善爆炸焊接质量,解决高噪低效的问题,选取Cu为复板、Q235钢为基板,采用LS-DYNA软件和光滑粒子流体动力学方法分别设计了均匀布药和梯形布药方案,研究了硝铵炸药对爆炸焊接界面波的影响。均匀布药结果显示:沿着爆轰方向碰撞压力逐渐增大;炸药量越多,碰撞压力越大,界面波波形越大。梯形布药方案中,通过改变炸药起爆端和末端的高度,设计了4种方案,结果显示:梯形布药可以消除爆炸焊接界面波不均匀现象,使界面波形尺寸基本保持一致,而且节省了炸药用量;当起爆端和末端的高度分别为67.2 mm和42.0 mm时,波形效果最好。通过研究界面波的形成过程可知,SPH法模拟的界面波形成过程与复板流侵彻机理的一致性较好,证明了复板流侵彻机理解释界面波形成过程的有效性。 相似文献
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针对爆炸粉末烧结过程中颗粒间的摩擦效应提出了一种无夹角斜碰撞模型,分析了烧结过程中颗粒间摩擦力随温度的变化规律,借助于LS-DYNA有限元程序研究了冲击压力、颗粒大小、材料强度等因素对孔隙闭合时间的影响,给出了颗粒界面温升的表达式。研究结果表明,由摩擦引起的颗粒界面的温升与材料特性、颗粒度、冲击角度、冲击压力等因素有关,随材料的蓄热能力、传热能力和材料强度的增加而减小,并随着材料疏松程度、颗粒直径、冲击压力的增加而增加;在粉末颗粒直径和冲击压力不是太小的情况下,颗粒表面温度将达到材料的熔点。 相似文献
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为了消除爆炸焊接不锈钢/碳钢复合板界面的残余应力,对实验样品进行了消除应力热处理,并做了力学性能测试、显微硬度测量、扫描电镜分析和金相分析。结果表明,不论是否经过热处理,界面两侧的成分都有互扩散发生;热处理温度小于550 ℃时,力学性能、金相组织和显微硬度变化不大;热处理温度高于650 ℃时,硬度曲线下降到接近原材的硬度,但同时界面近区碳钢表层发生脱碳现象;热处理温度在750 ℃时,碳钢内部还发生相变。因此不锈钢/碳钢复合板的最佳热处理温度可能在600 ℃左右。 相似文献
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We investigate deformation and spallation of explosive welded bi-steel plates under gas gun shock loading. Free surface histories are measured to obtain the Hugoniot elastic limit and spall strengths at different impact velocities.Pre-and post-shock microstructures are characterized with optical metallography, scanning electron microscopy,and electron backscatter diffraction. In addition, the Vickers hardness test is conducted. Explosive welding can result in a wavy steel/steel interface, an ultrafine grain region centered at the interface, and a neighboring high deformation region, accompanied by a hardness with the highest value at the interface. Additional shock compression induces a further increase in hardness, and shock-induced deformation occurs in the form of twinning and dislocation slip and depends on the local substructure. Spall damage nucleates and propagates along the ultrafine grain region, due to the initial cracks or weak interface bonding. Spall strengths of bimetal plates can be higher than its constituents. Plate impact offers a promising method for improving explosive welding. 相似文献
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Jinxiang Wang Rui Yang Li Jiang Xiaoxu Wang Nan Zhou 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2013,113(3):771-777
Nanocrystalline (NC) copper was fabricated by severe plastic deformation of coarse-grained copper at a high strain rate under explosive loading. The feasibility of grain refinement under different explosive loading and the influence of overall temperature rise on grain refinement under impact compression were studied in this paper. The calculation model for the macroscopic temperature rise was established according to the adiabatic shock compression theory. The calculation model for coarse-grained copper was established by the Voronoi method and the microscopic temperature rise resulted from severe plastic deformation of grains was calculated by ANSYS/ls-dyna finite element software. The results show that it is feasible to fabricate NC copper by explosively dynamic deformation of coarse-grained copper and the average grain size of the NC copper can be controlled between 200~400 nm. The whole temperature rise would increase with the increasing explosive thickness. Ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive was adopted and five different thicknesses of the explosive, which are 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, 35 mm, 45 mm, respectively, with the same diameter using 20 mm to the fly plate were adopted. The maximum macro and micro temperature rise is up to 532.4 K, 143.4 K, respectively, which has no great effect on grain refinement due to the whole temperature rise that is lower than grain growth temperature according to the high pressure melting theory. 相似文献
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根据爆炸焊接理论,综合分析了相关爆炸焊接参数的计算方法,利用Visual C++语言编制了爆炸焊接参数计算机辅助设计程序,该程序采用菜单和视图形式对输入、输出命令结果进行操作,方便直观。与有关实验结果的对比表明,计算所给出的焊接窗口及最佳焊接参数具有很高的准确度。爆炸焊接CAD方法对于减少实验次数,摆脱经验设计方法,选择最佳焊接参数将是非常有用的工具。 相似文献
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Chengwu Yao Binshi Xu Xiancheng Zhang Jian Huang Jun Fu Yixiong Wu 《Optics and Lasers in Engineering》2009,47(7-8):807-814
Relatively the high reflectivity of copper to CO2 laser led to the difficulty in joining copper to steel using laser welding. In this paper, a new method was proposed to complete the copper–steel laser butt welding. The scarf joint geometry was used, i.e., the sides of the copper and steel were in obtuse and acute angles, respectively. During the welding process, the laser beam was fixed on the steel side and the dilution ratio of copper to steel was controlled by properly selecting the deviation of the laser beam. The offset of laser beam depended on the scarf angle between the copper and steel, the thickness of plate and the processing parameters used in the laser welding. The microstructure near the interface between Cu plate and the intermixing zone was investigated. Experimental results showed that for the welded joint with high dilution ratio of copper, there was a transition zone with numerous filler particles near the interface. However, if the dilution ratio of copper is low, the transition zone is only generated near the upper side of the interface. At the lower side of the interface, the turbulent bursting behavior in the welding pool led to the penetration of liquid metal into Cu. The welded joint with lower dilution ratio of copper in the fusion zone exhibited higher tensile strength. On the bases of the microstructural evaluation at the interface of the welded joint, a physical model was proposed to describe the formation mechanism of the dissimilar joint with low dilution ratio of copper. 相似文献