高场铁基超导内插线圈制作工艺的研究

铁基高场内插线圈制作工艺及性能测试技术开发研究是进行铁基超导体设计的关键内容,其关系着制造的铁基超导体是否稳定可靠。在正式进行铁基线圈绕制前,开展了线圈绕制过程中相关力学分析以及全尺寸模型线圈的研制工作。本文对线圈绕制张力及线圈预紧力进行了计算并分析,同时详细地给出模型线圈的绕制、热处理、真空压力环氧浸渍(VPI)和装配等工艺方法与流程,解决绕制期间出现的问题。最终确定不锈钢带绕制张力取5 kg(49 N),铁基超导带材绕制张力取2 kg(19.6 N),线圈最大径向应力及最大轴向应力分别为23.5 MPa及78 MPa,均小于铁基带材热处理前抗拉强度200 MPa,模型线圈的绕制、热处理制度、VPI工艺及装配结果等均满足设计要求,验证了制作工艺的可行性。     

超导扭摆器实验线圈设计与测试

上海同步辐射光源二期工程计划建设一条基于4.05T超导扭摆器的超硬多功能线站。根据用户提出的需求参数,作者开展了超导扭摆器的磁场设计,绕制了两个NbTi螺线管实验线圈,并进行了失超锻炼测试。实验结果表明,实验线圈的临界电流达到了设计要求,所采用的NbTi超导线性能和绕线工艺可以满足下一步的超导扭摆器磁体研制要求。     

面向电力应用的高温超导线圈绕制关键技术研究现状

高温超导线圈是超导电力设备中的核心部件,结构和绕制工艺直接决定了高温超导线圈的载流能力及可靠性。文中论述了面向电力应用的高温超导线圈绕制关键技术研究现状,涉及高温超导带材选取、线圈绕制、带材接头焊接和绝缘处理,此外,对各工艺环节的关键技术进行了评述与展望。     

CFETR TF Dummy 线圈 VPI 系统设计

TF 线圈为大型“D”形轮廓, 由高、 中、 低场线圈通过套装和堆叠而成. 需要分别对高中低场线圈进行绝缘处理, 套装后填充高中低场之间的间隙(10 mm~120 mm) , 包绕对地绝缘后, 再对间隙填充层进行绝缘处理. 为了充分验证绕组制造的工艺, 采用一个以中场绕组尺寸的Dummy 绕组进行真空压力浸渍(Vacuum Pressure Impregnation, VPI) 完成线圈绝缘. 针对 VPI 过程中真空环境、 外部压力、 固化温度、 时间控制等方面的技术难点, 完成 TF Dummy 线圈 VPI 系统设计. 采用 CATIA 软件对 Dummy 线圈 VPI 系统进行建模, 合理设计子系统, 有效缩短 VPI过程的时间, 保证绝缘质量. 通过每个子系统的理论分析计算, 更精确地选择 VPI 系统配备的设备型号,CFETR TF Dummy 线圈 VPI 系统的设计和相关工艺的验证对后续 TF 线圈制造至关重要.     

超导线圈绕制过程的力学行为研究

为了增加超导线圈中导线的占空比, 提高超导磁体正常运行时的机械稳定性, 通常在超导线圈绕制过程中施加一定的绕制张紧力. 绕制张紧力的大小会对超导磁体的失超特性和退化性能产生重要的影响, 因此有必要对绕制过程中的机械应力进行详细的分析. 本文仔细地分析了绕制过程中导线的受力情况, 进行了一些合理的假设和近似, 提出了研究超导线圈绕制应力的理论模型, 并根据轴对称结构的弹性力学方程式推导了计算超导线圈应力应变分布的理论公式. 基于该模型分别研究了单一绕组的超导线圈和双绕组的超导线圈的绕制应力, 分析了绕制张紧力和绕组的各向异性特性对径向应力和环向应力的影响. 在该理论模型分析结果的基础上可以进一步分析多物理场作用下的超导磁体的应力应变行为, 为高性能超导线圈的设计和建造提供理论指导. 关键词： 超导线圈 机械稳定性 绕制张力 应力     

CRAFT TF Dummy 线圈 VPI 模具设计与分析

环向场(Toroidal Field, TF) 线圈是聚变堆主机关键系统综合研究设施(CRAFT) 的重要组成部分, 由CICC(Cable in Conduit Conductor) 导体完成线圈绕制, 通过真空压力浸渍(Vacuum Pressure Impregnation, VPI)完成线圈绝缘处理. 在树脂浸渍线圈绝缘层, 随后进行较长时间的高温固化, 以完全固化整个绝缘层的树脂. 在浸渍和固化过程中,VPI 模具不仅承受线圈本身的载荷, 还要承受大气压力、 内部打压、 热变形等. 为了保证线圈绝缘质量, 采用 CATIA 软件对 VPI 模具进行3D 建模, 并对 VPI 模具进行了 Ansys Workbench 有限元软件分析与校核. 分析表明,VPI 模具的设计合理, 为工程设计提供了理论和实践依据.     

μ子源超导俘获线圈测试杜瓦设计与校核

根据高μ子源超导俘获线圈整体测试系统的要求,设计了μ子源超导俘获线圈测试杜瓦系统.包含液氦杜瓦、真空杜瓦及绝热冷屏,采用Solidworks软件对测试杜瓦系统进行3D建模.通过对绝热冷屏统进行了详细的传热学计算,绝热冷屏的可以满足μ子源超导俘获线圈测试过程的漏热需求;根据μ子源超导俘获线圈测试实际工况,对真空杜瓦和液氦杜瓦进行了Ansys有限元软件分析与校核,得到杜瓦详细的应力及变形结果,分析表明,测试杜瓦的设计较为合理,可以作为工程设计的理论计算依据     

NbTi超导缆绝缘工艺温度下电阻率的研究

超导线圈绝缘固化可以通过给超导线圈中超导缆通入电流,以超导缆自身产生的焦耳热对线圈加热,得到线圈绝缘工艺所需的温度;同时将CICC导体中Nb Ti超导缆和单根超导线加热到线圈绝缘工艺相关温度,用直流四线法测量Nb Ti超导缆和单根超导线在不同温度下的电阻率,得到在303K~443K温度区间内Nb Ti超导缆和超导线电阻率随温度变化的关系式,并依据超导缆绞缆结构对二者进行折算和对比,确认了超导缆电阻率测量结果的可靠性。根据测得的电阻率-温度关系,可以得到在不同温度下超导缆产生焦耳热的能力,从而为超导线圈绝缘固化温度控制提供了重要的参考依据。     

新型高温超导限流器无感线圈结构设计与性能测试

本文设计了一种用于磁偏置高温超导故障限流器的平行带材式YBCO超导无感线圈,该线圈由10个单元模块串联而成,每个模块的设计采用一种新型的正反S弯绕制工艺及自张紧结构。实验研究了单模块直流35 kV耐压性能、整个线圈在77 K工作温度下的临界电流性能,以及10 ms且有效值为250 A故障电流冲击下暂态电阻性能。结果表明,超导无感线圈在77 K环境下的临界电流为83 A,10 ms故障电流冲击下的限流电阻约为0.83Ω。测试结果满足设计要求。     

一种基于矢量变频技术的超导线圈专用恒张力绕线机

为满足绕制超导线圈的工艺要求,设计了一种基于矢量变频技术的恒张力绕线机构。说明了本机构的设计原理,并且具体介绍了恒张力控制系统的软硬件构成和数学模型的建立。此绕线机构完全满足超导线圈的工艺要求,结构简单,控制精度高。     

Magnetic microhelix coil structures

Together with the well-known ferro- and antiferromagnetic ordering, nature has created a variety of complex helical magnetic configurations. Here, we design and investigate three-dimensional microhelix coil structures that are radial-, corkscrew-, and hollow-bar-magnetized. The magnetization configurations of the differently magnetized coils are experimentally revealed by probing their specific dynamic response to an external magnetic field. Helix coils offer an opportunity to realize microscale geometries of the magnetic toroidal moment, observed so far only in bulk multiferroic materials.     

Performance improvement of a high-temperature superconducting coil by separating and grading the coil edge

In this paper, we establish a model to analyze the transport current performance of a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coil, considering the dependencies of critical current and n-value of an HTS tape on magnetic field and magnetic field angles. This analysis shows that relatively large electric fields appear at the coil’s edges, preventing improvement in the transport current performance of the coil. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose a graded coil in which several coil edges of different heights are separated and graded. Analysis of its performance shows that the coil’s critical current increases, thus confirming that there exists an optimum coil cross section at which the stored energy and central magnetic field improve 2.1 times and 45%, respectively, compared with a typical rectangular coil that employs the same total length of the HTS tape. It is recommended that these results of the coil should be applied to SMES.     

Towards a complete coil array

A complete RF coil system, as has been previously defined, is capable of generating any steady-state RF field, at the MR frequency, that is compatible with Maxwell's equations. A coil system is complete if it is capable of generating all basis vector fields in the multipole expansion of the electromagnetic fields. A complete coil system has the potential to reach the ultimate intrinsic signal-to-noise as an MRI receiver coil. It also offers maximum flexibility in tailoring the spatial RF field distribution as an excitation coil. Here, computer simulations have been performed on array coils employing composite coil elements, assuming the current loops are small and can be approximated by magnetic dipoles. We demonstrate that a coil array can be configured to approximate a truncated complete array coil and to generate the basis magnetic vector fields up to certain orders in the multipole expansion of the electromagnetic fields.     

Estimation and measurement of flat or solenoidal coil inductance for radiofrequency NMR coil design

The inductance of a radiofrequency coil determines its compatibility with a given NMR probe circuit. However, calculation (or estimation) of inductance for radiofrequency coils of dimensions suitable for use in an NMR probe is not trivial, particularly for flat-coils. A comparison of a number of formulae for calculation of inductance is presented through the use of a straightforward inductance measurement circuit. This technique relies upon instrumentation available in many NMR laboratories rather than upon more expensive and specialized instrumentation often utilized in the literature. Inductance estimation methods are suggested and validated for both flat-coils and solenoids. These have proven very useful for fabrication of a number of new coils in our laboratory for use in static solid-state NMR probes operating at (1)H frequencies of 300 and 600MHz. Solenoidal coils with very similar measured and estimated inductances having inner diameters from 1 to 5mm are directly compared as an example of the practical application of inductance estimation for interchange of coils within an existing solid-state NMR probe.     

Polarizability of a chiral coil element

Expressions are derived for electric, magnetic, and cross polarizability components of a metal conductor section wound in rings and forming a coil. __________ Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 6, pp. 48–55, June, 2006.     

AC-induced DC voltage in HTS coil

The interplay between AC and DC currents in a High-T_c Superconducting (HTS) coil, made of multifilamentary silver-sheathed Bi-2223 tape, was investigated. We observed that the application of a small sinusoidal current in the frequency range of 50–500 Hz into the coil, while it is already carrying a DC current in the range of 16–22.5 A, caused an increase in the coil DC voltage. The DC voltage increment due to the AC signal is found to increase linearly with frequency and quadratically with amplitude. The DC voltage increment increases as the coil current grows towards its critical value of 22.2 A. This result may be important in some power applications such as fault current limiters (FCL) and superconducting magnet energy storage (SMES) based on HTS coils.     

Helix coil mixing in twist-storing polymers

Twist-storing polymers respond with elastic energy penalty to coherent or random twisting along the local chain axis away from its equilibrium, which can be straight (as in “ribbons”) or helical (as in DNA and other biopolymers). Here we study the equilibrium conformation of such polymers, focusing on the thermodynamic balance between twist and writhe, resulting from the competition between the random coil entropy and the potential energy stored in superhelical portions of the polymer chain. Two macroscopic variables characterise such a chain, the end-to-end distance R and the link number Lk, which is a topological invariant of a given polymer with clamped ends. We find that with increasing link number Lk, the chain accommodates its excess twist in growing plectonemes, unless forced out of this state by stretching its end-to-end distance R. We calculate the force-extension relation, which exhibits crossovers between different deformation regimes. Received 16 November 2000 and Received in final form 6 February 2001