CoCH2+H2反应机理的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的UB3LYP方法在6-311+G(2d,2p)水平上研究了四重态和二重态的CoCH2与H2反应的机理,在UB3LYP结构优化的基础上用耦合簇理论方法UCCSD(T)在相同水平下对各驻点进行了单点能校正.结果表明,该反应在二重态和四重态上的势能面非常相似,存在两个过渡态(TS1、TS2)和两个中间体(M1、M2),反应的第一步是产生分子复合物(H2)CoCH2,其能量分别比反应物低66.6(四重态)和42.4 kJ/mol(二重态),第二步是H2的加成形成HCoCH3中间体,第三步是CH4的消除反应.其中CH4的消除为整个反应的速控步骤.反应在二重态和四重态势能面上存在四个交叉点,整个反应在二重态势能面和四重态势能面上交替进行.H-H键的活化在四重态上是不可逆的,反应将最终形成四重态产物,整个反应可放出能量222.9kJ/mol.     

FeCH_2+H_2→Fe+CH_4反应机理的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的UB3LYP方法在6-311 G(2d,2p)水平上研究了五重态和三重态的FeCH2与H2反应的机理,在UB3LYP结构优化的基础上,用耦合簇理论方法UCCSD(T)在相同水平下对各驻点进行了单点能校正.结果表明,该反应在三重态和五重态上的势能面非常相似,存在两个过渡态(TS1、TS2)和两个中间体(M1、M2).反应的第一步是产生分子复合物(H2)FeCH2,其能量分别比反应物低16.6(五重态)和20.3kJ/mol(三重态);第二步是H2的加成形成HFeCH3中间体,第三步是CH4的消除反应.其中CH4的消除为整个反应的速控步骤.H-H键的活化在五重态上是不可逆的,反应将最终形成五重态产物,整个反应可放出能量300.6kJ/mol.     

Fe(5D/3D)+CH2(1A1)→FeC+H2的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的UB3LYP方法在6-311 G(2d,2p)水平上研究了五重态和三重态的Fe与单重态CH2反应的机理,在UB3LYP结构优化的基础上用耦合簇理论方法UCCSD(T)在相同水平下对各驻点进行了单点能校正.结果表明,该反应在三重态和五重态上的势能面非常相似,都经过两个过渡态(TS1、TS2)和三个中间体(FeCH2、HFeCH、H2FeC),五重态和三重态势能面在形成中间体FeCH2前发生交叉,整个反应沿三重态路径进行,最后得到三重态的FeC和H2.该反应是一个四步反应,其中由HFeCH到H2FeC的反应步骤为整个反应的速率控制步骤,反应的活化能为176.3 kJ/mol.     

CH(X~2∏)+N_2O的反应机理研究

在G2 (B3LYP/MP2 /CC)理论水平上研究了CH(X2 ∏ )自由基与氧化二氮 (NNO)分子的反应 .计算了反应体系的最低二重态势能面上各驻点的构型参数、振动频率和能量 ,揭示了此反应存在两种机理和六个通道 .其中HC和NNO复合 ,生成中间体HC(N)NO ,解离得到产物HCN +NO ,这是最主要的通道之一 ;HC插入NO键 ,克服 38.9kJ/mol的势垒 ,产生富能的中间体HC(O)NN ,预测了五个反应通道 ,其中主要反应通道为 :NN +HCO .     

CH(X2∏)+N2O的反应机理研究

在G2(B3LYP/MP2/CC)理论水平上研究了CH(X^2Ⅱ)自由基与氧化二氮（NNO）分子的反应。计算了反应体系的最低二重态势能面上各驻点的构型参数、振动频率和能量，揭示了此反应存在的两种机理和六个通道。基中HC和NNO复合，生成中间体HC(N)NO，解离得到产物HCN+NO，这是最主要的通道之一；HC插入NO键，克服38.9kJ/mol的势垒，产生富能的中间体HC(O)NN，预测了五个反应通道，其中主要反应通道为：NN+HCO.     

CH3CH2O及CH3CHOH与HO2反应机理的理论研究

采用CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ//B3LYP/6-311++G(2df,2p)水平上对CH3CHOH + HO2和CH3CH2O + HO2反应体系的单、三重态反应机理进行了详细的理论研究.计算结果表明,CH3CHOH + HO2反应主要发生在单重态势能面上,其中四条通道均为快速自发过程;CH3CH2O + HO2反应在三重态势能面上的通道CH3CH2O + HO2 → 3IM11 → 3TS11 → P11 (CH3CH2OH + 3O2)为动力学和热力学的优势路径. 大气中CH3CHOH比CH3CH2O更容易稳定存在.     

CH3CH2O及CH3CHOH与HO2反应机理的理论研究

采用CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ//B3LYP/6-311++G(2df,2p)水平上对CH3CHOH + HO2和CH3CH2O + HO2反应体系的单、三重态反应机理进行了详细的理论研究.计算结果表明,CH3CHOH + HO2反应主要发生在单重态势能面上,其中四条通道均为快速自发过程;CH3CH2O + HO2反应在三重态势能面上的通道CH3CH2O + HO2 → 3IM11 → 3TS11 → P11 (CH3CH2OH + 3O2)为动力学和热力学的优势路径. 大气中CH3CHOH比CH3CH2O更容易稳定存在.     

过渡金属离子Pt+和甲烷气相反应的势能面研究

采用密度泛函理论（DFT）中的B3LYP方法研究了二重态和四重态Pt+与甲烷反应的机理。通过几何构型优化和频率计算,分别获得三个过渡态,并利用内禀反应坐标（IRC）计算进行了验证。在更高的基组水平上计算了单点能,并详细讨论了二重态和四重态的势能面。结果表明在二重态势能面上的反应具有比较低的能垒,是一个放热反应,所以该反应更易于在二重态上进行。氧化加成生成中间体HPt(CH3)+的步骤需要克服一个小小的能垒。     

过渡金属离子Pt+和甲烷气相反应机理的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法研究了二重态和四重态Pt 与甲烷反应的机理.通过几何构型优化和频率计算,分别获得三个过渡态,并利用内禀反应坐标(IRC)计算进行了验证.在更高的基组水平上计算了单点能,并详细讨论了二重态和四重态的势能面.结果表明在二重态势能面上的反应具有比较低的能垒,是一个放热反应,所以该反应更易于在二重态上进行.氧化加成生成中间体HPt(CH3) 的步骤需要克服一个小小的能垒.     

铁原子与SO_2反应的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法在6-311+G(d,p)的计算水平上研究了铁原子与SO_2在三重态以及五重态反应势能面上的反应机理.全参数优化了三重态以及五重态反应势能面上各驻点的几何构型,并用频率分析法以及内禀反应坐标(IRC)方法对过渡态进行了验证,得到了该反应的反应势能面曲线和微观反应路径.结果表明,铁原子与SO2在三重态与五重态反应势能面上的几何构型相似,三重态的能量均比五重态高,说明铁原子与SO_2的反应主要在五重态反应势能面上进行.整个体系为放热反应,反应的活化能为30.6 k Cal/mol.     

Magnetic ordering in HoRu2Si2, HoRh2Si2, TbRh2Si2 and TbIr2Si2 by neutron diffraction

Neutron diffraction study of polycrystalline HoRu₂Si₂, HoRh₂Si₂, TbRh₂Si₂, and TbIr₂Si₂ was performed in the temperature range between 4.2 and 300 K. For HoRu₂Si₂ the magnetic spin alignment of a linear transverse wave mode below the Néel temperature 19 K is observed. This static moment wave is propagating along the b-axis with k=(0, 0.2, 0) and is polarized in the c-axis. The root-mean-square and maximum saturation moments per Ho atom are 9.26 and 13.09μ_B, respectively. HoRh₂Si₂, TbRh₂Si₂ an TbIr₂Si₂ are simple collinear antiferromagnets of +-+- type with Néel temperatures of (27±1), (98±2) and (72±3) K, respectively. For TbRh₂Si₂ and TbIr₂Si₂ magnetic moments are localized on RE ions only and are aligned along the tetragonal axis, while for HoRh₂Si₂ they form an angle ø = (28±3)°.     

μ+SR study of LaNi2As2, URh2Si2 and CeRh2Si2

Muon spin relaxation experiments have been carried out in the paramagnetic and magnetically ordered states of URh₂Si₂ and CeRh₂Si₂. As the magnetic structure of these compounds is well known, these measurements can help to characterise their magnetic properties probed by μSR and to understand the μSR results of the heavy fermion compounds of the same crystallographic family. Our measurements show that the muons occupy two different crystallographic sites. The spectra of URh₂Si₂ and CeRh₂Si₂ in the magnetically ordered states are very different, probably reflecting their different magnetic structures. The spectra obtained on CeRh₂Si₂ are similar to the published spectra of the heavy fermion compound CeCu_2.1 Si₂. Muon spin rotation measurements on LaNi₂As₂ indicate that the muon is diffusing at 150 K.     

13C-selective IRMPD of CBr2F2/Cl2 and CCl2F2/Br2 systems

The CO₂ TEA laser irradiation of CBr₂F₂ in the presence of Cl₂ yielded ¹³C-enriched CBrClF₂ and ¹³C-enriched CCl₂F₂ under selected experimental conditions. As the photolysis proceeded, the ¹³C concentration of CBrClF₂ decreased gradually and that of CCl₂F₂ increased up to 90% or higher. These results can be explained by the mechanism involving the secondary ¹³C-selective IRMPD of the primary product CBrClF₂. On the other hand, the carbon-containing product for a CCl₂F₂/Br₂ system was only CBrClF₂; the further IRMPD of which probably regenerated CBrClF₂ in the presence of Br₂. The decomposition probabilities of ¹²C- and ¹³C-containing molecules in both systems were measured as functions of laser line, laser fluence, and reactant pressures.     

Superconductivity in LaPd_2Bi_2 with CaBe_2Ge_2-type structure

正Since the discovery of superconductivity in LaFeAsO_(1-x)F_x,the high-T_c iron-based superconductors have been extensively studied from both experimental and theoretical viewpoints [1-8]. However, the mechanism of the unconventional superconductivity is still to be resolved. To     

Magnetostriction of SmMn2Ge2 and GdMn2Ge2 intermetallic compounds

Longitudinal and transverse magnetostrictions of polycrystalline samples of intermetallic compounds RMn₂Ge₂ (R=Sm or Gd) are measured in pulsed magnetic fields up to 250 kOe. It is found that linear magnetostrictive strains of about 10^?3 arise in a temperature range in which the magnetic field causes a change in the magnetic state of a manganese magnetic subsystem. The results obtained are described within the model of a two-sublattice ferrimagnet with a negative exchange interaction in the manganese subsystem in terms of a strong dependence of this interaction on interatomic distances.     

Polar optic phonons in Hg2Cl2 and Hg2Br2

Far infrared (30–430 cm^?1) reflectivity measurements of Hg₂Cl₂ and Hg₂Br₂ single crystals have been performed in polarized light. The spectra, which are in agreement with group-theoretical predictions, were analyzed by the oscillator fitting procedure and Kramers-Kronig method. The results are compared with the existing data from other measurements and the large anisotropy of polar modes is briefly discussed. The polarization vectors of all long-wavelength symmetry modes were determined group-theoretically.     

Structural,magnetic and neutron diffraction studies on TbFe2-TbAl2, TbCo2-TbAl2 and HoCo2-HoAl2

Both pseudobinary systems exhibit large homogeneous regions of cubic and hexagonal Laves phases. Ordering tendencies on crystallographic sites between Al and the transition metals are observed in the hexagonal type.Electron transfer to the transition metals quenches their moments so that they become nonmagnetic at high Al concentrations. The peculiarities in the mechanism of magnetization which appear in rare earth dialuminides when Al is replaced by a transition metal have been studied in detail at cryogenic temperatures.The first replacement of Al results in a decrease in saturation moment. Neutron diffraction verifies the low ordered rare earth sublattice moments and reveals the ‘lost part’ as a disordered component. Considerable magnetic hardness develops in certain regions of concentration often connected with spontaneous increases in magnetization with field. All available evidence suggests the presence of unusual domain wall effects to be responsible for this effect. High remanences develop in both the hexagonal and in the cubic structures in the intermediate region. The development of disordered magnetic components is connected either with the disorder on crystallographic sites or changes in the free electron concentration.