汽轮机调节级静叶片排内流动分析

本文以数值手段研究了汽轮机调节级静叶栅内粘性流动。数值方法采用三维可压缩粘性流动压力校正算法求解Favre平均的N－S方程及湍流动能k方程和湍流动能耗散率。方程。传统汽轮机调节级静叶栅由于展弦比很小，通道二次流强烈，损失较大。本文分析了采用子午流道收缩及叶片弯曲对降低二次流损失的作用。数值计算的结果同实验结果吻合较好。     

任意迴转S_1流面叶栅可压附面层流动微分方程数值解

本文是文献[1]的继续.在任意非正交曲线坐标表示的粘性气体基本方程和量级分析的基础上,得到了考虑流层厚度变化的任意迥转面叶栅可压附面层流动微分方程组.采用了压缩性的坐标变换后,推导得到了五个一阶导数的微分方程组.在外层紊流模型的计算中引入了压力梯度对无量纲常数K的影响,使计算精度有所提高.用本文的计算方法编制了TDBLC(绝热壁面)和HTBLC(已知壁面温度)两个计算机程序.本文的方法可用来计算任意迥转面叶栅可压流体层流和紊流的附面层流动.     

非正交曲线坐标下三维粘性流动数值分析

本文基于非正交曲线坐标与相应的非正交速度分量下导得的守恒型N—S方程，讨论了求解三维粘性流动的数值方法，计算中显式时间推进算法与Baldwin—Lomax湍流模型被采用，应用本工作发展的程序，作为算例计算了一个沿径向非等截面环形叶栅的三维粘性流场，得到了诸如三维压力分布，总压损失分布以及十分清晰的二次流动图景等丰富的流场信息。     

应用Navier-Stokes方程的叶栅粘性流动数值分析

本文以时间相关显式格式求解完全的Navier-Stokes方程,计算了二维叶栅中的粘性流动。一种Euler方程多网格算法,被成功地应用于粘流问题计算,显著地加速了收敛过程。用含分离流动的压气机叶栅和跨音速涡轮叶栅等算例,说明了解的准确程度和多网格法的效果。     

跨音叶栅中真实流动的数值试验

一、引言 研究叶轮机械叶栅内部真实流动,在工程上具有重要意义.迄今已有不少完全的和简化的二维Navier-stokes方程数值解法,近年来国内这方面也做了不少工作,但适用于跨音叶栅中流动的还不多见.本文提出了一种在跨音叶栅中求解完全的N-S方程的全隐式时间推进有限差分计算方案,湍流模型采用二层代数涡旋粘性模型.     

在冷气干扰下叶栅绕流的控制方程及求解方法

1控制方程高温涡轮的冷却空气量随着燃气轮机性能的提高而在不断增加，因而在数值模拟气冷涡轮流场时则须考虑喷射冷气对燃气主流的影响。本文采用文献［1］的“质量源”模型，推导出具有统一形式的适用于叶栅三维和周向平均混合流动的控制方程。在绝热和忽略粘性应力作功率条件下，将文献出中的通用形式的控制方程在柱坐标系中展开，然后再经坐标变换，将其转换到任意曲线坐标系《，刀J中，得到了在冷气干扰下的叶栅三维绕流的双曲守恒型控制方程（用矩阵形式表示）：aU／＆＋aE／a＋OF／的十OG／0（一H（1）式中仅三项含有冷气参数，…     

叶栅粘性流动的反问题解

一、前言 随着粘性流动计算方法的发展,与叶栅正问题解法一样,叶栅的反问题解法也存在一个如何考虑粘性影响的问题。在粘性流动的正问题解法中,国内外通常采用的有两种方法,一种是全流场求解Navier-Stokes方程,另一种是无粘主流区和边界层的相互迭代。由于直至今日尚未有一种完善的湍流模型,所以在目前阶段似乎还是后者比前者更适合     

透平叶栅三维粘性气动反问题的控制理论方法

将基于控制理论的形状优化设计方法应用于粘性可压流动条件下的透平叶栅三维气动反设计,详细推导了三维N-S方程伴随系统的偏微分方程组及其各类边界条件.讨论了伴随系统的解的适定性条件,并由此给出应用N-S方程进行气动优化的目标函数的选取限制.研究了伴随方程的数值求解技术,给出敏感性导数的最终计算式,结合拟牛顿算法发展了三维透平叶栅粘性反问题的气动设计方法.     

有间隙弯叶片近壁面静压分布对叶栅气动性能的影响

对具有叶顶间隙的直叶栅、正弯叶栅和反弯叶棚的近壁画静压和出口流场进行了测量，实验结果发现：叶片正弯减小了叶顶中后部的横向压力梯度，削弱了泄漏流与端壁横流及其相互作用，使下游流动损失明显降低；叶片反弯也削弱了泄漏流动，但下游流动损失比其它两套叶栅大．     

动静叶栅优化改型及其性能分析

本文对动静叶栅分别进行优化改型,并对改型前后叶栅的气动性能进行数值分析。动静叶栅的优化改型基于正反问题相结合的流函数方法,性能分析一方面基于单排叶栅定常粘性流动的数值计算,另一方面基于动静叶栅相互干扰非定常粘性流动的数值计算。算例结果表明,经过优化改型后的动静叶栅的气动性能,无论在定常流动条件下还是在非定常流动条件下,相比改型前均有较大幅度的改善。     

环形叶栅中二次流与损失的数值模拟

1引言三维叶栅中的损失主要由叶型损失、端部损失及二次流损失等组成。而其中的二次流损失,由于在损失总量中往往占有很大的比重,且又强烈依赖于叶栅几何形状等本身的特点,因而十分受到关注。许多学者分别用计算或试验的方法来研究二次流动,已经做了大量的工作（如文献1～8）。然而,以往大部分的研究往往局限于直列叶栅,对沿径向非等截面的环形叶棚的详细研究甚少。本文基于非正交曲线坐标与非正交速度分量下完全守恒型的Navier－Stokes方程,采用时间推进法与Baldwin－Lomax湍流模型,数值求解环形叶栅内部的粘性流场,得到了十分…     

叶顶间隙对环形叶栅三维粘性流场影响的数值分析

１前言考虑叶顶间隙影响的三维叶栅粘性流场特性的数值模拟是当今比较流行的研究课题。顶部泄漏流动的研究对更准确分析、设计三维叶栅具有重要意义。近年来,国内外的学者使用了多种不同的数值方法及实验方法对叶顶间隙流进行研究。然而,以往的计算往往局限于直列叶栅,...     

Dynamics of charged plane symmetric gravitational collapse

In this paper, we study dynamics of the charged plane symmetric gravitational collapse. For this purpose, we discuss non-adiabatic flow of a viscous fluid and deduce the results for adiabatic case. The Einstein and Maxwell field equations are formulated for general plane symmetric spacetime in the interior. Junction conditions between the interior and exterior regions are derived. For the non-adiabatic case, the exterior is taken as plane symmetric charged Vaidya spacetime while for the adiabatic case, it is described charged plane symmetric spacetime. Using Misner and Sharp formalism, we obtain dynamical equations to investigate the effects of different forces over the rate of collapse. In non-adiabatic case, a dynamical equation is joined with transport equation of heat flux. Finally, a relation between the Weyl tensor and energy density is found.     

叶轮机械中的泄漏流与泄漏涡

本文基于非正交曲线坐标及非正交速度分量下完全守恒型的N-S方程,采用整体H型网格,用数值方法研究叶轮机械中的泄漏流动。对于不同的间隙尺寸,对于环壁静止与旋转的不同壁面条件,揭示了泄漏流与通道二次涡相互作用的细节,揭示了泄漏涡的生成与发展过程。     

叶栅全三维粘性反问题的数值解

本文发展了一种解叶栅全三维粘性反问题的新的数值方法.基于非正交曲线坐标与相应的非正交速度分量下完全守恒型的Navier－Stokes方程,全三维反问题规定叶片表面的无量纲压力分布反求叶型。计算中叶片表面的边界条件采用一种特殊的方式来处理，即一方面强加给定的压力分布条件,另方面叶面的几何位置在迭代过程中又是可移动的，其移动速度将与Navier—Stokes方程在当地的解联系起来，从而形成一种解定常问题的新的不定常过程.试算证明了本文方法的可行性。     

Explorative computational study of the singlet fission process

Different ab initio methods, namely multi-reference and nonorthogonal configuration interaction techniques, are explored for their applicability in studying the singlet fission problem. It has been shown for 2-methyl-1,5-hexadiene that the ¹TT state can be identified using multi-reference techniques. The geometrical and vibrational properties of the ¹TT state are such that they can be approximated with those of the ⁵TT state. A proof of principle is given for the calculation of the singlet fission pathway driven by nuclear motion: efficient singlet fission can take place if the ¹TT and S₁ states are close in energy with a large non-adiabatic coupling matrix element at the S₁ geometry, and the energy of the S₀ state is well below that of the ¹TT state at the ¹TT geometry.

The nonorthogonal configuration interaction method was used to treat a tetracene trimer. It has been shown that the first excited states can be interpreted as delocalised states; interaction with charge-transfer base states plays an important role. The ¹TT states are localised on one pair of molecules. The electronic coupling between the diabatic S[n] and ¹TT[m] states is in the meV range, confirming previous estimates. The charge-transfer base states enhance the coupling between the S[1]/S[2] and ¹TT[2] excited states.     

Optical realization of optimal unambiguous discrimination for pure and mixed quantum states

Quantum mechanics forbids deterministic discrimination among nonorthogonal states. Nonetheless, the capability to distinguish nonorthogonal states unambiguously is an important primitive in quantum information processing. In this work, we experimentally implement generalized measurements in an optical system and demonstrate the first optimal unambiguous discrimination between three nonorthogonal states, with a success rate of 55%, to be compared with the 25% maximum achievable using projective measurements. Furthermore, we present the first realization of unambiguous discrimination between a pure state and a nonorthogonal mixed state.     

Physics of non-adiabatic transport and field-domain effect in quantum-well infrared photodetectors

A previous theory for studying the distribution of non-uniform fields in multiple-quantum-well photodetectors under an ac voltage is generalized by including non-adiabatic space-charge-field effects. Numerical calculations indicate that field-domain effects are only important at high temperatures or high voltages when both injection and sequential-tunneling currents are significant. On the other hand, it is found that the non-adiabatic effects included in this generalized theory become significant at low temperatures and low voltages when field-domain effects are negligible. In order to explain the non-adiabatic charge-density fluctuations quantum-statistically, a non-adiabatic differential equation is derived based on the self-consistent Hartree model by using a shifted Fermi–Dirac model for the local fluctuation of electron distributions. The non-adiabatic effect is found to cause an “equilibrium” state variation with time under an ac voltage.     

On flame extinction by a spatially periodic shear flow

It is shown that the adiabatic high Lewis number premixed gas flame spreading through a large-scale zero-mean time-independent periodic shear flow constitutes a bistable system with a hysteretic transition between stable propagation modes. A mildly non-adiabatic flame may be quenched provided the flow-field intensity exceeds a certain critical value. The study is motivated by the experimentally known phenomenon of flame extinction by turbulence.