大功率汽轮机静叶栅损失发展的实验研究

对亚临界60万千万汽轮机高压第九级静叶原型和改型两套环形叶栅在零冲角下在低速风洞下进行了吹风实验研究.实验结果表明,与原型叶栅相比较,改型叶栅明显降低了流动损失.在设计工况下改型叶栅流道内的流动状况更为稳定,显著降低了二次流损失、端壁损失、吸力侧流动损失、尾迹损失.     

叶栅非轴对称端壁成型技术的初步研究

本文根据叶栅内部二次流形成和发展的机理,应用级数函数建立了一种非轴对称端壁成型方法.采用三维时均可压缩N-S求解程序,对采用非轴对称端壁造型的某一后加载亚音速直列叶栅进行了数值研究,分析讨论了非轴对称端壁对叶栅内二次流的影响。计算结果显示:非轴对称端壁可有效地抑制和延迟通道中马蹄涡、通道涡的生成和发展,造型后叶栅内二次流损失减少了1%,效率提高了0.73±0.24%.     

非正交曲线坐标下三维粘性流动数值分析

本文基于非正交曲线坐标与相应的非正交速度分量下导得的守恒型N—S方程，讨论了求解三维粘性流动的数值方法，计算中显式时间推进算法与Baldwin—Lomax湍流模型被采用，应用本工作发展的程序，作为算例计算了一个沿径向非等截面环形叶栅的三维粘性流场，得到了诸如三维压力分布，总压损失分布以及十分清晰的二次流动图景等丰富的流场信息。     

大功率汽轮机静叶栅压力场的实验研究

对亚临界60万千万汽轮机高压第九级静叶原型和改型两套环形叶栅在零冲角、低速风洞下进行了吹风实验研究.通过对实验叶栅三维压力场测量结果的分析,本文认为,与原型叶栅相比较,改型叶栅显著减少了叶型损失、推迟并削弱了吸力面上的三维分离、明显降低了横向与径向二次流损失.     

压气机叶栅壁面拓扑和二次流结构分析

本文从涡动力学原理出发，根据实验测量和流场显示结果，对压气机平面叶机的壁面拓扑和叶栅二次流结构进行了研究．由叶栅壁面拓扑分析和二次流结构可知，叶栅的通道涡较强，出口集中脱落涡和角区分离泡的存在，造成了叶栅两端区较高的二次流损失，并且随叶栅来流冲角的提高，旋涡出现破裂，二次流损失进一步提高．     

涡轮叶栅二次流损失的实验研究

为了研究涡轮叶栅内部二次流的流型及损失,在平面叶栅风洞上对叶栅流道内部及出口平面上用微型四孔测针进行了详尽的测量,配之以叶型和端壁表面的静压实测值及二维等熵流场计算,得到了二次流的流型。作者还根据多次试验结果,拟出了二次损失的物理模型和预估方法。     

涡轮叶栅尾迹对二次流影响的试验研究

本文利用运动圆柱排模拟上游叶片尾迹,在平面涡轮叶栅上研究了上游尾迹与叶栅通道内二次流相互作用,初步讨论了尾迹与二次流相互作用的机理,研究发现利用这种相互作用可以控制二次流的强度、减小二次流损失,进而可实现提高涡轮效率的目的.     

叶片倾斜对叶栅气动特性的影响及其控制二次流损失机理的实验研究

通过小径高比环形透平静叶栅的吹风实验,探讨了在不同径高比和外壁扩张角叶栅中,采用倾斜叶片,对叶栅气动特性的影响。为排除离心惯性力对静压沿叶高分布的干扰,仅研究叶片倾斜效应,在矩形透平叶栅实验模型中,测得了叶片表面特別是负压面近喉部表面静压沿叶高的分布,揭示了叶片倾斜控制二次流损失的机理。     

两种透平叶栅三维流动的计算分析

本文以数值手段分析研究两种不同叶片造型的三维环形叶棚内的定常粘性流动及损失情况，数值方法采用三维可压缩粘性流动压力校正其法求解N－S方程及k－ε双方程湍流模型．新一代透平叶片型线设计与传统叶片型线的差别在于叶片型线的后部加载特性．本文通过计算分析了这种后加载叶片与传统加教叶片应用于汽轮机时对控制三级叶栅损失与二次流发展的作用．     

鼓包前缘叶片在环形叶栅中应用的探索

鼓包前缘叶片具有特殊型式的前缘。本文对所选的初始叶型进行鼓包前缘造型,采用三维CFD数值模拟方法,探究鼓包前缘叶片对环形叶栅气动性能的影响,并初步探寻鼓包前缘叶片对流场的影响机理及规律。计算结果表明:在大攻角的情况下,鼓包前缘叶片可以明显改善环形叶栅的流场结构,减小叶栅分离区范围,可使总压损失系数减小约15%。环形叶栅势流区近S1流面的叶栅损失减小约35%。说明鼓包前缘叶片可以显著提高环形叶栅的气动性能。     

非绝热壁叶栅的粘性流动

非绝热壁叶栅的粘性流动王正明（中国科学院工程热物理研究所北京１０００８０）关键词非绝热壁；叶栅；粘性流动１引言近年来，随着计算机运算速度的提高，叶轮机械内部粘性流动的数值解法发展很快，对于动量方程，已广泛采用亘接求解不作简化的完全的Ｎ－Ｓ方程，以便更...     

叶轮机械中的泄漏流与泄漏涡

本文基于非正交曲线坐标及非正交速度分量下完全守恒型的N-S方程,采用整体H型网格,用数值方法研究叶轮机械中的泄漏流动。对于不同的间隙尺寸,对于环壁静止与旋转的不同壁面条件,揭示了泄漏流与通道二次涡相互作用的细节,揭示了泄漏涡的生成与发展过程。     

叶顶间隙对环形叶栅三维粘性流场影响的数值分析

１前言考虑叶顶间隙影响的三维叶栅粘性流场特性的数值模拟是当今比较流行的研究课题。顶部泄漏流动的研究对更准确分析、设计三维叶栅具有重要意义。近年来,国内外的学者使用了多种不同的数值方法及实验方法对叶顶间隙流进行研究。然而,以往的计算往往局限于直列叶栅,...     

Optical realization of optimal unambiguous discrimination for pure and mixed quantum states

Quantum mechanics forbids deterministic discrimination among nonorthogonal states. Nonetheless, the capability to distinguish nonorthogonal states unambiguously is an important primitive in quantum information processing. In this work, we experimentally implement generalized measurements in an optical system and demonstrate the first optimal unambiguous discrimination between three nonorthogonal states, with a success rate of 55%, to be compared with the 25% maximum achievable using projective measurements. Furthermore, we present the first realization of unambiguous discrimination between a pure state and a nonorthogonal mixed state.     

Magnetic properties of small Fe clusters: a nonorthogonal H amiltonian study

We calculate the magnetic properties of small FeN clusters(N=2～7,9,13,15) by using a parameterized Hubbard tight-binding sp d-band model Hamiltonian, with the parameters obtained from nonorthogonal Ham il tonian parameters. the average magnetic moments, and the spin-polarized charge distribution within clusters are in agreement with those obtained by first-prin ciple and tight-binding calculations. The effect of the nonorthogonal basis is discussed.     

Pressure behaviour and thermal expansion of NiMnSb from first principles calculations

A computational study of the pressure and thermal behaviour of NiMnSb within the framework of density functional theory and the Debye-Grüneisen model is reported. The theoretical values of equilibrium lattice parameter, bulk modulus, its pressure derivative, Debye temperature, Grüneisen constant and coefficient of thermal expansion are estimated from electronic structure calculated by the full-potential nonorthogonal local-orbital minimum basis method (FPLO). The bulk modulus and its pressure derivative have been computed using the Murnaghan form of the equation of states. The volume-temperature dependence was obtained by minimisation of the free energy as a sum of the total energy of the rigid lattice and the free energy of the vibration lattice. The thermal expansion coefficient for the studied NiMnSb, obtained within the Debye theory including anharmonicity, is in good agreement with experimental results.     

Quantum key distribution in a single-photon regime with nonorthogonal basis states

A quantum key distribution protocol with nonorthogonal basis states is a generalization of the known BB84 key distribution protocol. The critical error and length of a secure key have been determined for the protocol with nonorthogonal basis states for an arbitrary angle between information states. An explicit optimal attack on the distributed key has been constructed; this attack maximizes eavesdropper information at a given error on the receiver side.     

Lagrange meshes from nonclassical orthogonal polynomials

The Lagrange-mesh numerical method has the simplicity of a mesh calculation and the accuracy of a variational calculation. A flexible general procedure for deriving an infinity of new Lagrange meshes related to orthogonal or nonorthogonal bases is introduced by using nonclassical orthogonal polynomials. As an application, different Lagrange meshes based on shifted Gaussian functions are constructed. A simple quantum-mechanical example shows that the Lagrange-mesh method may become more accurate than the original variational calculation with a nonorthogonal basis.     

Minimax Strategy of Optimal Unambiguous State Discrimination

In this paper, we consider the minimax strategy to unambiguously discriminate two pure nonorthogonal quantum states without knowing a priori probability. By exploiting the positive-operator valued measure, we derive the upper bound of the minimax measurement of the optimal unambiguous state discrimination. Based on the linear optical devices, we propose an experimentally feasible scheme to implement a minimax measure of a general pair of two nonorthogonal quantum states.