纳米集成光路中的光源、光波导和光增强

使用近场光学显微术(scanning near-field optical microscopy, SNOM)研究了ZnO亚微米线端面出射性质,不同空间形貌Ⅱ-Ⅵ族半导体荧光器件光波导特性,二维光子晶体、准晶光子晶体对LED的出射增强作用以及表面等离激元(surface plasmon polariton, SPP)与半导体纳米荧光器件的相互作用,对纳米集成光路中的光源、光波导、光增强三个重要问题做了实验和理论上的分析.研究发现半导体微纳米线端面出射光束的质量与样品的直径有密切关系.通过合理地设计其直径和 关键词： 纳米集成光路 扫描近场光学显微术 光波导 光增强     

纳米集成光路中的光源、光波导和光增强

使用近场光学显微术(scanning near-field optical microscopy, SNOM)研究了ZnO亚微米线端面出射性质，不同空间形貌Ⅱ-Ⅵ族半导体荧光器件光波导特性，二维光子晶体、准晶光子晶体对LED的出射增强作用以及表面等离激元(surface plasmon polariton, SPP)与半导体纳米荧光器件的相互作用，对纳米集成光路中的光源、光波导、光增强三个重要问题做了实验和理论上的分析.研究发现半导体微纳米线端面出射光束的质量与样品的直径有密切关系.通过合理地设计其直径和     

二维硅基平板光子晶体器件

硅材料在红外通讯波段具有低损耗和高折射率的特性,使得其成为集成光学领域中应用最广的材料之一.主要介绍了本课题组在二维硅基平板光子晶体中实现微纳尺度上光调控的研究进展,讨论了利用光子晶体的缺陷态实现各种集成光学器件,包括光子晶体波导、微腔和利用光子晶体波导和微腔形成的滤波器.还介绍了光子晶体中特殊的光折射现象,包括红外波...     

光子晶体集成光电子器件

文章简要介绍了利用光子晶体实现微纳尺度上光调控的物理原理和工作机制,重点讨论了如何利用光子晶体的缺陷态实现微纳尺度的各种集成光电子器件,并结合文章作者所在研究组的研究工作经验,简单回顾了各种类型的集成光电子器件的工作原理、物理实现和光学特性.     

铌酸锂集成光子器件的发展与机遇

铌酸锂,作为应用最广泛的非线性光学晶体之一,近十年来由于薄膜铌酸锂晶圆的出现而再次获得了学术界与产业界的关注.基于薄膜铌酸锂的集成光电子器件的优越性能已在诸多应用中得到演示,例如光信息处理、激光雷达、光学频率梳、微波光子学和量子光学等. 2020年,薄膜铌酸锂器件通过光刻技术在6 in(1 in=2.54 cm)晶圆上的成功制备,推动了铌酸锂加工从实验室逐步走向工业化.薄膜铌酸锂光子器件的研究主要聚焦于利用电光、声光和二阶/三阶非线性效应进行光调制或频率转换;最近三年,掺杂稀土离子还成功赋予铌酸锂增益特性,实现了片上铌酸锂放大器和激光器.本文将简略回顾薄膜铌酸锂的发展过程,着眼于集成光子器件,介绍国内外研究组取得的进展、意义以及面临的挑战.     

超快速可调谐有机非线性光子晶体——饶毓泰基础光学二等奖介绍

光子晶体是一种新型的光子学材料,具有独特的光子带隙特性,能有效地控制光子的传输状态.可调谐光子晶体的光子带隙的位置和宽度能够随着外部参数的变化而改变,是实现集成光子器件的重要基础.文章介绍了基于有机共轭聚合物材料的非线性光子晶体的超快速可调谐特性.     

光子晶体发光二极管

利用光子晶体的光子禁带和光栅衍射效应可以提高LED的出光效率,扩大LED的应用范围。总结了光子晶体发光二极管的原理和典型器件。通过比较表明,与光子禁带效应相比,利用光栅衍射效应提高LED出光效率的方法更适用于电注入发光。因此可望用更廉价的方法在LED表面制造光子晶体,可通过光栅衍射效应来有效地提高其出光效率。     

磁光光子晶体中拓扑光子态研究进展

拓扑光子态是具有单向传输特性的新型波导态,展示出抗背向散射、障碍物及缺陷免疫等独特而神奇的物理性质。拓扑光子态因其独特性在拓扑激光器、量子信息、混合集成光路、非线性光学等领域具有广泛的潜在应用。磁光光子晶体为实现拓扑光子态、探索拓扑光子态新物性提供了重要平台。本文聚焦磁光光子晶体中拓扑光子态的研究进展,首先回顾有序、无序晶格中的拓扑光子态,揭示拓扑光子态的微观物理图像。接着讨论时间和空间反演对称性双破缺体系中的拓扑光子态,简述反手性拓扑光子态的产生。然后介绍宽带拓扑光子态及拓扑慢光态研究,展示新颖的拓扑光学现象及器件设计。最后针对磁光光子晶体中拓扑光子态研究面临的关键问题、未来发展趋势进行分析和展望。     

基于热膨胀效应的可调光功率分束器设计

可调光功率分束器是集成光子系统中的重要功能器件,其光功率输出具有动态可调控特性,诸多光子系统对其有着广泛需求.本文基于空隙槽型Y分支波导结构,利用热膨胀效应,提出了一种新型可调光功率分束器实现方法,通过调控温度来改变分支处空隙槽的宽度,以实现其分支波导的光功率输出的动态变化.采用有限元方法,对其热膨胀形变和光学性能进行了模拟分析.其模拟结果表明,该器件能实现大范围光分束调控,且对波长和偏振态依赖性低;同时,该器件具有结构简单、易于设计和制作、易于调控等优点,这种新型器件在各种光子系统中具有重要应用前景.     

二维光子晶体全光异或门的设计及研究

分析了二维光子晶体马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的传输特性,将二维光子晶体波导、环形腔和马赫-曾德尔干涉仪有效结合,提出了一种基于二维光子晶体马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的异或门设计。用平面波展开法分析二维光子晶体能带结构,并用时域有限差分法验证光信号在该器件中的电场稳态分布。结果表明,该结构能够实现异或逻辑,且具有高逻辑对比度7.88 dB,快速响应周期0.388 ps和高传输速率7.87 Tbit/s;并且该器件结构尺寸仅为13 μm×14 μm,易于集成。该异或逻辑结构中引入了二维光子晶体马赫-曾德尔干涉仪,使得光子晶体逻辑门结构的设计更加多样,并为二维光子晶体半加器与全加器的设计提供了基础,具有重要的研究意义。     

Chalcogenide glass photonic crystals

All-optical switching devices are based on a material possessing a nonlinear optical response, enabling light to control light, and are enjoying renewed interest. Photonic crystals are a promising platform for realizing compact all-optical switches operating at very low power and integrated on an optical integrated circuit. In this review, we show that by making photonic crystals from a highly nonlinear chalcogenide glass, we have the potential to integrate a variety of active devices into a photonic chip. We describe the fabrication and testing of two-dimensional Ge₃₃As₁₂ Se₅₅ chalcogenide glass photonic crystal membrane devices (waveguides and microcavities). We then demonstrate the ability to post-tune the devices using the material photosensitivity. In one proposal we hope to introduce a double-heterostructure microcavity using the photosensitivity alone.     

Dispersion-based optical routing in photonic crystals

We present and experimentally validate self-collimation in planar photonic crystals as a new means of achieving structureless confinement of light in optical devices. We demonstrate the ability to arbitrarily route light by exploiting the dispersive characteristics of the photonic crystal. Propagation loss as low as 2.17 dB/mm is observed, and proposed applications of these devices are presented.     

Photonic band gaps structure properties of two-dimensional function photonic crystals

The tunable two-dimensional photonic crystals band gap, absolute photonic band gap and semi-Dirac point are beneficial to designing the novel optical devices. In this paper, tunable photonic band gaps structure was realized by a new type two-dimensional function photonic crystals, which dielectric constants of medium columns are functions of space coordinates. However for the two-dimensional conventional photonic crystals the dielectric constant does not change with space coordinates. As the parameter adjustment, we found that the photonic band gaps structures are dielectric constant function coefficient, medium columns radius, dielectric constant function form period number and pump light intensity dependent, namely, the photonic band gaps position and width can be tuned. we also obtained absolute photonic band gaps and semi-Dirac point in the photonic band gaps structures of two-dimensional function photonic crystals. These results provide an important theoretical foundation for design novel optical devices.     

硅基二维光子晶体耦合器理论研究

光子晶体是一种具有光子带隙的新型人工材料,利用其具有控制和限制光子运动的特性可以制成新颖的光学器件。利用硅基二维光子晶体,提出了一种4端口耦合器。采用时域有限差分法作为研究工具,TM模作为研究对象,从理论上分析了这种器件的特性。在不同的耦合长度下研究光在输出端的功率透射率。结果表明选择适当的耦合长度可以使光在器件中呈现不同的状态。进一步研究表明,通过改变器件内部介质柱的半径,可以改变光在输出端的输出功率。从而证实了这种器件不仅具有波长选择性,而且具有潜在的可调节性,这些特性使得这种器件在全光开关的应用上具有潜在的优势。     

All-optical switching in silicon photonic crystal waveguides by use of the plasma dispersion effect

Silicon photonic crystals offer new ways of controlling the propagation of light as well as new tools for the realization of high-density optical integration on monolithic substrates. However, silicon does not possess the strong nonlinearities that are commonly used in the dynamic control of optical devices. Such dynamic control is nevertheless essential if silicon is to provide the higher levels of functionality that are required for optical integration. We demonstrate that the combination of the refractive index change caused by the presence of photoexcited carriers, or so-called plasma dispersion, and photonic crystal properties such as photonic bandgaps, constitutes a powerful tool for active control of light in silicon integrated devices. We show close to 100% modulation depth near the photonic crystal band edge.     

Multiband processing of multimode light: combining 3D photonic lanterns with waveguide Bragg gratings

The first demonstration of narrowband spectral filtering of multimode light on a 3D integrated photonic chip using photonic lanterns and waveguide Bragg gratings is reported. The photonic lanterns with multi‐notch waveguide Bragg gratings were fabricated using the femtosecond direct‐write technique in boro‐aluminosilicate glass (Corning, Eagle 2000). Transmission dips of up to 5 dB were measured in both photonic lanterns and reference single‐mode waveguides with 10.4‐mm‐long gratings. The result demonstrates efficient and symmetrical performance of each of the gratings in the photonic lantern. Such devices will be beneficial to space‐division multiplexed communication systems as well as for units for astronomical instrumentation for suppression of the atmospheric telluric emission from OH lines.     

可见光波段SiO2/CdSe一维光子晶体及缺陷模的研究究

采用SiO2/CdSe构建了可见光波段一维光子晶体结构,并在其中引入LiTaO3缺陷层。利用传输矩阵法,分析了电磁波在无缺陷与含LiTaO3缺陷层两种光子晶体中的带隙结构,系统地研究了缺陷层参数对光子晶体可见光波段带隙结构的影响规律。计算结果表明：LiTaO3的引入,有利于带隙宽度的增加,调整缺陷层结构参数,缺陷模的位置可在不同颜色区域出现,如红光、黄光等缺陷模。该结构有望用于制作可见光波段的滤波器。     

基于纳米光学等离子晶体的新型纳米光子学器件的发展

通过设计合适的纳米表面等离子结构,纳米光学等离子晶体具有光场增强效应,能调控近场范围内的光场分布,可用来设计新型的纳米光子学器件。介绍了纳米光学等离子晶体的原理、结构特点、制作工艺和纳米光子学器件的设计方法,对纳米光学等离子晶体和普通光子晶体做了比较。归纳了纳米光学等离子晶体的物理机制、光学特征,描述并分析了波长选择性场增强效应和束流效应等。给出几种基于纳米光学等离子晶体的纳米光子学器件应用实例。     

The geometric phase in nonlinear frequency conversion

The geometric phase of light has been demonstrated in various platforms of the linear optical regime, raising interest both for fundamental science as well as applications, such as flat optical elements. Recently, the concept of geometric phases has been extended to nonlinear optics, following advances in engineering both bulk nonlinear photonic crystals and nonlinear metasurfaces. These new technologies offer a great promise of applications for nonlinear manipulation of light. In this review, we cover the recent theoretical and experimental advances in the field of geometric phases accompanying nonlinear frequency conversion. We first consider the case of bulk nonlinear photonic crystals, in which the interaction between propagating waves is quasi-phase-matched, with an engineerable geometric phase accumulated by the light. Nonlinear photonic crystals can offer efficient and robust frequency conversion in both the linearized and fully-nonlinear regimes of interaction, and allow for several applications including adiabatic mode conversion, electromagnetic nonreciprocity and novel topological effects for light. We then cover the rapidly-growing field of nonlinear Pancharatnam-Berry metasurfaces, which allow the simultaneous nonlinear generation and shaping of light by using ultrathin optical elements with subwavelength phase and amplitude resolution. We discuss the macroscopic selection rules that depend on the rotational symmetry of the constituent meta-atoms, the order of the harmonic generations, and the change in circular polarization. Continuous geometric phase gradients allow the steering of light beams and shaping of their spatial modes. More complex designs perform nonlinear imaging and multiplex nonlinear holograms, where the functionality is varied according to the generated harmonic order and polarization. Recent advancements in the fabrication of three dimensional nonlinear photonic crystals, as well as the pursuit of quantum light sources based on nonlinear metasurfaces, offer exciting new possibilities for novel nonlinear optical applications based on geometric phases.