LiNbO3中光折变全息的热固定特性

带输运模型方程和耦合波方程结合起来研究ＬｉＮｂＯ３晶体中体全息记录和热固定的特性。发现在一边记录一边固定时,同时存在的离子光栅通过减小耦合增益而影响了电子光栅的写入,且得到的固定后折射率光栅随深度的改变较小,这与记录完固定有非常大的区别,两种热固定方法得到的折射率光栅的衍射效率大小将主要决定于入射记录的实始光强比,该模型同时显示对于高掺杂浓度的ＬｉＮｂＯ３晶体的热固定,在其显影过程中,由于导带电子     

表面等离子体共振的热致折射率EI北大核心CSCD

激光束照射液体产生的热累积效应会引起其折射率变化,从声光方程出发分别分析了液体瞬态折射率与稳态热致折射率产生的机理,研究了透镜焦距以及入射波长对去离子水折射率的影响.利用表面等离子体共振检测系统对温度改变的高度敏感性,建立了一种新型的液体棱镜检测系统,数值模拟了不同功率下去离子水的稳态共振曲线,当功率变化为0.7 W时,其折射率变化为1.4×10-3.采用功率可调的980nm的连续激光器对去离子水的热光效应进行了实验研究,得到了其稳态热致折射率随功率的变化关系,当功率变化0.7 W时,其折射率变化为3.35×10-3,最后剖析了实验与理论之间误差的可能来源.     

表面等离子体共振的热致折射率

激光束照射液体产生的热累积效应会引起其折射率变化,从声光方程出发分别分析了液体瞬态折射率与稳态热致折射率产生的机理,研究了透镜焦距以及入射波长对去离子水折射率的影响.利用表面等离子体共振检测系统对温度改变的高度敏感性,建立了一种新型的液体棱镜检测系统,数值模拟了不同功率下去离子水的稳态共振曲线,当功率变化为0.7 W时,其折射率变化为1.4×10-3.采用功率可调的980nm的连续激光器对去离子水的热光效应进行了实验研究,得到了其稳态热致折射率随功率的变化关系,当功率变化0.7 W时,其折射率变化为3.35×10-3,最后剖析了实验与理论之间误差的可能来源.     

激光直接写入过程的计算机仿真研究

基于光刻胶正胶曝光显影过程的理论模型,用梯度折射率介质光线追迹的方法进行了由于局部溶解 同而造成的显影过程 胶面面形随时间变化过程的计算。对任意给定的曝光量分布及显影时间,可以精确地确定显影后的面形,为激光直写研究提供了一种有效的工具。同时,通过对显影速率作阈值近似后,导出了光刻胶曝光显影后面形与表面所需曝光量分布之间的关系,为激光直接写入提供了理论指导。     

关于折射率对散射光场分布影响的研究

根据Mie散射理论,采用理论计算和实验相结合的手法,研究了光散射现象以及散射介质的折射率对散射光场分布的影响.通过对空气中不同折射率的散射介质形成的散射光场光强的实验比较,论证了散射介质折射率的实部变化对散射光强的影响不大,其主要影响是通过对相位的变化来实现的,也即散射介质折射率的虚部变化对光强的影响很大,在实际应用中不可忽略.这一结论对以散射光场的分布为基础的各种研究具有一定的指导意义.     

热控涂层光学性能退化模型研究

在实验研究成果的基础上,给出了热控涂层在空间辐照作用下的退化模型,接着用渐变折射率的概念对复折射率材料热控涂层的光学性能进行了分析,得到了退化前后热控涂层光学性能变化的表达式,最后对热控涂层光学性能退化模型的应用进行了探讨. 关键词： 热控涂层 渐变折射率 辐照 退化     

二次彩虹法测量高折射率玻璃微珠折射率研究

基于米氏散射理论解释了激光照明下玻璃微珠的二次彩虹精细结构的成因,发现折射率的差异将直接影响二次彩虹精细结构的位置.对于实验中玻璃微珠半径变化引起二次彩虹精细结构间距变化的现象亦用米氏散射理论进行了模拟分析和实验研究.利用米氏散射的近似理论——艾里理论对玻璃微珠的折射率进行了测量.在对玻璃微珠二次彩虹精细结构所计算得到的折射率的统计分析基础上,通过校正测量误差后得到了玻璃微珠折射率的准确数据.     

利用折射率衡量蔗糖水解反应的进程

利用旋光性溶液的折射率与旋光度的线性关联,研究了不同浓度的蔗糖溶液经盐酸水解过程中旋光度和折射率随时间的变化.实验结果表明:在室温环境下,0.20g/mL和0.15g/mL的蔗糖水解溶液分别经120min和145min的反应时间,折射率和旋光度同时趋于稳定.实验验证了反应过程中,酸水解蔗糖溶液的折射率随旋光度的变化成线性关系.因此,利用水解过程中折射率或旋光度随时间的变化关系可判定水解反应的进程.     

基于熔融拉锥光纤的液体折射率传感器

从理论和实验上研究了一种价格低廉、操作简单、可用于多点并行测量的液体折射率光纤传感器.该传感器采用分路器进行预分光,利用高稳定放大自发辐射光源作为光源、普通光功率计作为光电探测器,以熔融拉锥光纤作为传感单元.建立了一个简单模型,分析了芯层所携带的光功率占总的光功率的比值随外部介质折射率变化的关系.实验上对不同折射率样品的传输损耗进行了测量,采用对比方法作出了传输损耗随折射率变化的定标曲线.实验结果表明:外部介质折射率越高,传输损耗越大.并验证了反射器(光纤布拉格光栅)的引入能够有效的提高系统的灵敏度.     

全内反射型光子晶体光纤横向负荷及扭曲特性研究

用M-Z干涉仪的精确干涉特性来测量光子晶体光纤(Photonic Crystal Fiber,PCF)横向负荷特性及扭曲特性,并应用等效折射率模型对其做了简单的理论分析.实验结果表明:光纤M-Z干涉仪传感臂(即PCF臂)受到外界应力作用时,在固定输入光波长处,PCF的有效折射率n会随外界应力的变化有规律的变化,在横向负荷实验和扭曲实验中表现为干涉条纹的相位与外界应力的变化呈近似线性变化;在横向负荷实验中干涉条纹幅值随所加负载的变化呈近似三角函数变化.     

Subgroups of index 4 of the 2-dimensional space groups

There are 281 subgroups of index 4 for the 17 types of 2-dimension space groups: p1:7, p2:31, pm:19, pg:7, cm:11, p2mm:67, p2mg:23, p2gg:11, c2mm:31, p4:11, p4mm:31, p4gm:11, p3:4, p3m1:4, p31m:4, p6:4, p6mm:5. Every subgroup has been identified by its conventional cell disposition with respect to the conventional cell of the starting group. These subgroups may be arranged in 96 automorphism classes and 184 conjugation classes according to their starting groups.     

Evolution law of Wigner function in laser process

Based on the density operator’s o perator-sum representation r ecently obtained by Fan and Hu for a laser process (Opt. Commun., 2008, 281: 5571; Opt. Commun., 2009, 282: 932; Phys. Lett. B, 2008, 22: 2435), we derive the evolution law of Wigner operator, the law is concisely expressed in the normally ordered formΔ(α,α*,t)=Tπ:exp?[-2T(a?e-(κ-g)t-α*)-(ae-(k-g)t-α)] :, where g and κ are the cavity gain and the loss, respectively, and T≡ (κ-g )(κ+g-2ge^{-2(κ-g) t})^-1. When t=0,Δ(α,α,t)→1π : exp?[-2(a?-α*)-(a-α)] :, which is the initial Wigner operator. Using this formalism the evolution law of Wigner functions in laser process can be directly obtained.     

Diverse magnetism in stable and metastable structures of CrTe

In this paper, we systematically investigated the structural and magnetic properties of CrTe by combining particle swarm optimization algorithm and first-principles calculations. By considering the electronic correlation effect, we predicted the ground-state structure of CrTe to be NiAs-type (space group P6₃/mmc) structure at ambient pressure, consistent with the experimental observation. Moreover, we found two extra meta-stable Cmcaand R\overline{3}m structures which have negative formation enthalpy and stable phonon dispersion at ambient pressure. The Cmcastructure is a layered antiferromagnetic metal. The cleaved energy of a single layer is 0.464 J/m² , indicating the possible synthesis of CrTe monolayer. The R\overline{3}m structure is a ferromagnetic half-metal. When external pressure is applied, the ground-state structure of CrTe transitions from P63/mmc structure to R\overline{3}m structure at a pressure of 34 GPa, then to R\overline{3}m structure at 42 GPa. We thought these results help to motivate experimental studies of the CrTe compounds in the application of spintronics.     

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应用准光学原理设计了HL-2A装置电子回旋共振加热(ECRH)系统新的集束天线,该天线能使4束68GHz/500kW/1s电子回旋波通过椭球镜聚焦和平面镜的反射,从一个直径350mm装置窗口同时注入托卡马克,对等离子体实现加热。根据基模高斯束的传播原理得出,在装置环向横截面中心处单条波束的功率密度为158MW•m-2,功率密度降为中心密度的1/e2的半径为31.7mm,微波束经过镜面聚焦和反射产生的欧姆损失和衍射损失分别为0.27%和0.64%。利用有限元分析软件Ansys对镜面进行热分析得到,在1s脉冲载荷下最大镜面温升仅为0.47℃,镜面可以自然冷却。     

Kinetic modeling of multiphase flow based on simplified Enskog equation

A new kinetic model for multiphase flow was presented under the framework of the discrete Boltzmann method (DBM). Significantly different from the previous DBM, a bottom-up approach was adopted in this model. The effects of molecular size and repulsion potential were described by the Enskog collision model; the attraction potential was obtained through the mean-field approximation method. The molecular interactions, which result in the non-ideal equation of state and surface tension, were directly introduced as an external force term. Several typical benchmark problems, including Couette flow, two-phase coexistence curve, the Laplace law, phase separation, and the collision of two droplets, were simulated to verify the model. Especially, for two types of droplet collisions, the strengths of two non-equilibrium effects, {\overline{D}}_2^{*} and {\overline{D}}_3^{*} , defined through the second and third order non-conserved kinetic moments of (f-f^{eq}), are comparatively investigated, where f\left(f^{eq}\right)is the (equilibrium) distribution function. It is interesting to find that during the collision process, {\overline{D}}_2^{*} is always significantly larger than {\overline{D}}_3^{*}, {\overline{D}}_2^{*} can be used to identify the different stages of the collision process and to distinguish different types of collisions. The modeling method can be directly extended to a higher-order model for the case where the non-equilibrium effect is strong, and the linear constitutive law of viscous stress is no longer valid.     

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应用半解析方法,研究了直圆柱位形下等离子体压强P0分别为P0=0、P0=常数和P0=f(r)时Line-tied扭曲不稳定性的增长率和二维径向本征函数的演化规律。结果表明,P0=0和P0=常数时的轴向波数k的范围相同,但P0=常数时的增长率比P0=0时的小。P0=f(r)时的轴向波数k的范围和增长率则都比P0=0时的大,同时磁流体的速度变化也较大。因此,P0=f(r)更接近实际的物理模型(例如日冕的喷射问题)。     

Orientations of ZnO grown on GaN

On semipolar epitaxial ZnO grown by chemical vapor deposition consists of two distinct orientations as evidenced by transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. The initially grown ZnO on GaN follows the GaN lattice with the epitaxial relationship of // and The other oriented ZnO domains then grow on faceted with and with good coherency with the ‐oriented grains. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

微小等离子体反应器的导出机理研究

An extraction mechanism based on micronozzle in the bottom of the microhollow cathode and applied bias electrical field is proposed, and digitally simulated with a two dimensional fluid model. When the operating gas is SF₆ and its pressure is 2~9kPa, radius of the micronozzle is 0.25μm, maximum F atom flux density is between (1.53~5.62)×10¹⁴cm^-3·s^-1, maximum SF₅⁺ flux density is between (2.46~7.83)×10¹⁶cm^-3·s^-1. When gas pressur is  5kPa,average energy of F atom at sample surface is 3.82eV, dispersion angle is −14º~14º; average energy of SF is 25eV, dispersion angle is −13º~14º. When applied voltage across hollow cathode and sample is between 10~50V (sample as cathode), average energy of SF is between 52~58eV. The density of F and SF in the simulation result could satisfy the requirement for silicon etching, and the feasibility of scanning plasma etching validated.     

Firewalls as artefacts of inconsistent truncations of quantum geometries

In this paper we argue that a firewall is simply a manifestation of an inconsistent truncation of non‐perturbative effects that unitarize the semiclassical black hole. Namely, we show that a naive truncation of quantum corrections to the Hawking spectrum at order , inexorably leads to a “localised” divergent energy density near the black hole horizon. Nevertheless, in the same approximation, a distant observer only sees a discretised spectrum and concludes that unitarity is achieved by effects. This is due to the fact that instead, the correct quantum corrections to the Hawking spectrum go like . Therefore, while at a distance far away from the horizon, where , quantum corrections are perturbative, they do diverge close to the horizon, where . Nevertheless, these “corrections” nicely re‐sum so that correlations functions are smooth at the would‐be black hole horizon. Thus, we conclude that the appearance of firewalls is just a signal of the breaking of the semiclassical approximation at the Page time, even for large black holes.