莫塞莱公式与屏蔽常数

本文分析了莫塞莱公式ｖ＝Ｒ（Ｚ－１）２（１／１～２－１／２～２）的近似性质，指出它只对Ｚ＝１７—２８区间的原子才是比较准确的．本文论证了公式中（Ｚ－１）里的数字１不是真正的屏蔽常数σ，从而认为不能把Ｒ（Ｚ－１）２／１～２和Ｒ（Ｚ－１）２／２～２理解成Ｋ与Ｌ光谱项．最后，计算出了Ｋ、Ｌ壳层的屏蔽常数σ、σ．     

ZK、ZF、ZBaF、LaK光学玻璃的腐蚀与防护

ＺＫ、ＺＦ、ＺＢａＦ、ＬａＫ等光学玻璃在抛光过程中及抛光下盘以后的腐蚀问题,长期以来一直影响着这些光学玻璃零件的加工质量和生产效率。通过对光学玻璃在抛光过程中稳定性课题的研究和生产实验,研制并筛选出比较理想的光学玻璃抛光添加剂;即在这些化学稳定性差的光学玻璃抛光液中,添加适当的ｐＨ值调节剂及表面稳定剂,减少了ＺＫ、ＺＦ、ＺＢａＦ、ＬａＫ等系列化学稳定性差的光学玻璃在抛光过程中的腐蚀问题,显著提高了抛光表面质量和合格率,并进一步提高了光学玻璃零件加工的效率和效益及其工艺技术水平     

准旋一角动量标量算子本征值与j壳浊合态的完全分类计算

应用二次量子化和不可约张量理论,由４个产生一湮灭算子耦合成准旋一角动量标量算子Ｚ（Ｋ）,Ｋ为参数。计算表明：Ｚ（Ｋ）的本片值有很强的分类功能,能对ｊ≤１５／２壳层准旋一角动量耦记完全分类（用准旋和角努量只能对ｊ≤７／２壳层耦合态完全分类）讨论Ｚ（Ｋ）的构造和它的本片值的计算方法,给出ｊ≤１５／２壳层耦合态的完全分类。     

水平缓变声道中的WKBZ绝热简正波理论

本文利用具有海面相移修正的本征函数的ＷＫＢＺ近似，并同时考虑波导简正波和海底反射简正波的贡献，提出了适合于水平缓变水下声道的ＷＫＢＺ绝热简正波理论。数值结果表明，会聚区声场主要由波导简正波决定，而影区声场主要由海底反射简正波决定。在菲律宾海中，频率范围在１０９ＨＺ至８６０ＨＺ，距离至２５０ｋｍ范围时，用ＷＫＢＺ绝热简正波理论计算的结果与实验数据符合得很好。     

铂电阻温度计的分度与实验装置

本文介绍了用Ｚ函数简化的铂电阻温度计分度方法和实验装置，在６３．１５Ｋ至２７３．１５Ｋ温度范围内对铂电阻进行温度分度，共精度可优于０．０５Ｋ。     

KrFH体系的势能函数与反应动力学研究：（Ⅰ）基态KrFH的分析…

使用ａｂｉｎｉｔｉｏＨＥＦ／ＬＡＮＬ２ＤＺ方法优化出了基态ＫｒＨＦ为Ｃ∞ｖ，基态ＫｒＦＨ为Ｃｓ结构，同时，计算了平衡几何和离解能，并用ａｂｉｎｉｔｉｏ计算ＭＰ２／ＬＡＮＬ２ＤＺ方法计算了谐性力学常数。应用多体项展式法导出了ＫｒＦＨ体系的分析势能函数，研究了势能面上的主要特征。     

水平不变海洋声道中的WKBZ简正波方法

本文利用本征函数的ＷＫＢＺ近似和海面相移修正发展了一种新的计算海洋声场的数值方法，该方法具有形式简明、易于计算、精度满足实用要求的优点．本文给出了ＷＫＢＺ方法应用于北太平洋声道中声传播的一些数值结果，这些结果表明该方法是一种计算分层海洋声道会聚区声场的快速而精确的数值方法．     

KrFH体系的势能函数与反应动力学研究(Ⅰ)基态KrFH的分析势能函数

使用ａｂｉｎｉｔｉｏ计算ＨＦ／ＬＡＮＬ２ＤＺ方法优化出了基态ＫｒＨＦ为Ｃ∞ｖ结构，而基态ＫｒＦＨ为Ｃｓ结构，同时，计算了平衡几何和离解能，并用ａｂｉｎｉｔｉｏ计算ＭＰ２／ＬＡＮＬ２ＤＺ方法计算了谐性力常数。应用多体项展式法导出了ＫｒＦＨ（Ｘ１Ａ′）体系的分析势能函数，研究了势能面上的主要特征     

描述氨水体系VLE行为适宜热力学模型的研究

基于对氨／水体系气液平衡研究的文献调查,选择了Ｇｕｉｌｌｅｖｉｃ等提出的一套等温数据为工作基础,本文研究了状态方程法与活度系数法对氨／水体系气液平衡性质预测的适用性．其中状态方程法分别选用理想体系的计算方法、ＢＷＲ方程、ＳＲ－Ｐｏｌａｒ方程、ＬＫ－Ｐ方程和ＲＫＳ方程;活度系数法是基于气相选用ＲＫＳ方程,液相分别选用ＮＲＴＬ模型、电解质ＮＲＴＬ模型、ＵＮＩＱＵＡＣ模型、ＵＮＩＦＡＣ模型和Ｗｉｌｓｏｎ方程。本研究发现,活度系数法并没有良好表现,而 ＬＫ－Ｐ方程和 ＲＫＳ方程对氨／水体系气液平衡性质预测的适用性显然优于其它方法。     

同轴圆弧柱形电容器的电容和电场

大家知道同轴圆柱形电容器的电容和电场，如果是同轴圆弧柱形电容器，其电容和电场强度该是怎样？本文对此进行探讨，供教学参考． 选取长为Ｌ的同轴共圆心角圆弧柱形电容器，其横截面如图１，已知共圆心角θ，半径为Ｒ１和Ｒ２（Ｒ２＞Ｒ１）的两个圆弧形导体之间的电压为Ｕ０，所带电量为±Ｑ，处在真空中（忽略边缘效应），由于是平面场问题，可用复变函数来计算． 设复函数 Ｚ＝ｘ＋ｉｙ，则ζ（ｚ）＝ζ（ｘ，ｙ）＋ｉη（ｘ，ｙ）称复变函数，其中 Ｚ（ｘ，ｙ）所确定的平面称ｚ平面，ζ（ξ，η）所确定的平面称ζ平面． 选对数函数…     

直冷电冰箱制冷循环分析

分析了直冷电冰箱单路、双路、多路循环及双机、双级制冷循环,进行了系统匹配性、市场占有率、成本及其COP值比较。针对双路循环存在的频繁开停机现象,提出了完善控制方式及采用双稳态电磁阀的变温技术。变温室蒸发器与冷冻室蒸发器串联,其前串联双稳态电磁阀2,并在变温室蒸发器上并联双稳态电磁阀1,据变温室温度设定改变双稳态电磁阀通断实现两个循环支路交替制冷。冷藏室温度控制压缩机启停,变温室温度仅控制双稳态电磁阀通断,实现切换制冷剂流向目的。应用该循环方式及相关措施研制的BCD-188CH直冷电冰箱最大负荷日耗电0.38度,变温情况下耗电在0.35度以下,最低达0.31度。     

二甲醚/氧气/氩气低压层流预混燃烧研究

利用同步辐射真空紫外单光子电离结合分子束质谱技术,对当量比φ=1.5的低压预混层流二甲醚火焰进行了实验研究。通过测量光电离质谱和光电离效率曲线,探测到了二甲醚/氧气/氩气的燃烧产物和火焰中间物,包括不稳定的分子和自由基。通过测量离子信号的空间分布曲线,计算了二甲醚/氧气/氩气火焰的主要物种C_2H_6O、O_2、Ar、H_2、H_2O、CO和CO_2的摩尔分数曲线,以及主要中间物种如CH_2O、C_2H_2、C_2H_4、CH_3OH、C_2H_2O、C_2H_4O、CH_3、CH_4、HCO、C_3H_3和C_3H_4的摩尔分数曲线,并分析了主要中间物种的产生和消耗过程。     

旋流非预混燃烧火焰流动特性的实验研究

利用粒子图像速度场测量技术(PIV)对不同工况下的旋流非预混燃烧流场进行了测量,考察不同燃空速度比下旋流火焰的流动特性.结果表明,轴向截面上径向平均速度流场以燃烧器轴线呈中心对称,轴向平均速度、轴向脉动速度和径向脉动速度沿燃烧器轴线成对称分布,且轴向平均速度和轴向脉动速度的最大值出现在轴线处.随燃空速度比的增大,轴向平均速度和脉动速度增大,随着与燃烧器表面的距离增加,流场截面上轴向平均速度和脉动速度差异不断减小.     

狭义相对论中的与门佯谬

提出了一个所谓“与门佯谬”问题,并利用狭义相对论进行了详细的分析和计算,消除和此佯谬。     

烧原油高效燃烧器的研究

本文讨论了用于油田加热炉的一种烧原油高效燃烧器的设计，论述了Ｙ型蒸汽雾化喷嘴、正交蒸汽雾化喷嘴和高压离心喷嘴的具体设计结果。该燃烧器对原油加温并采用内、外双漩流器组织燃烧，明显提高了燃烧效率。最后还指出了这种燃烧器的开发与应用前景。     

双层多孔介质内甲烷富燃制氢过程的研究

采用一维双温度体积平均模型和详细的甲烷化学反应机理GRI 3.0,对双层泡沫陶瓷多孔介质内甲烷富燃燃烧过程进行数值模拟,研究在双层多孔介质交界面附近稳定燃烧时的火焰稳定传播范围、火焰温度和组分分布及氢气的产量和能量转换效率.结果表明,双层多孔介质燃烧器能有效拓宽甲烷在空气中的富燃极限;在当量比大于1.6时,燃烧产物中氢气含量较多,氢气产生分为甲烷部分氧化和水煤气反应两个阶段;当量比在1.6～1,8之间时,能量转换效率较大,最大值约为46%.     

Diode laser atomic fluorescence temperature measurements in low-pressure flames

Temperature measurements have been performed in a low-pressure flame by the technique of diode laser induced atomic fluorescence. The experiments were done in a near-stoichiometric flat-flame of premixed methane, oxygen and nitrogen, at a pressure of 5.3 kPa. Indium atoms were seeded to the flame and probed using blue diode lasers; the lineshapes of the resulting fluorescence spectra were used to determine the flame temperature at a range of heights above the burner plate. The particular issues associated with the implementation of this measurement approach at low pressure are discussed, and it is shown to work especially well under these conditions. The atomic fluorescence lineshape thermometry technique is quicker to perform and requires less elaborate equipment than other methods that have previously been implemented in low-pressure flames, including OH-LIF and NO-LIF. There was sufficient indium present to perform measurements at all locations in the flame, including in the pre-heat zone close to the burner plate. Two sets of temperature measurements have been independently performed by using two different diode lasers to probe two separate transitions in atomic indium. The good agreement between the two sets of data provides a validation of the technique. By comparing thermocouple profiles recorded with and without seeding of the flame, we demonstrate that any influence of seeding on the flame temperature is negligible. The overall uncertainty of the measurements reported here is estimated to be ±2.5% in the burnt gas region.     

一个驻波演示实验

介绍一个驻波演示实验，让声波在充有可燃性气体的圆管中形成驻波，气体通过多孔燃烧时出现余弦分布的火焰包迹线，这个包迹线能把驻波显示出来。     

A new dual matrix burner for one-dimensional investigation of aerosol flames

In spray-flame synthesis of nanoparticles, a precise understanding of the reaction processes is necessary to find optimal process parameters for the formation of the desired products. Coupling the chemistries of flame, solvent, and gas-phase species initially formed from the particle precursor in combination with the complex flow geometry of the spray flame means a special challenge for the modeling of the reaction processes. A new burner has been developed that is capable to observe the reaction of precursor solutions frequently used in spray-flame synthesis. The burner provides an almost flat, laminar, and steady flame with homogeneous addition of a fine aerosol and thus enables detailed investigation and modeling of the coupled reactions independent of spray formation and turbulent mixing. With its two separate supply channel matrices, the burner also enables the use of reactants that would otherwise react with each other already before reaching the flame. These features enable the investigation of a wide range of flame-based synthesis methods for nanoparticles and, due to the flat-flame geometry, kinetics models for these processes can be developed and validated. This work describes the matrix burner development and its gas flow optimization by simulation. Droplet-size distributions generated by ultrasonic nebulization and their interaction with the burner structure are investigated by phase-Doppler anemometry. As an example for nanoparticle-forming flames from solutions, iron-oxide nanoparticle-generating flames using iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate dissolved in 1-butanol were investigated. This effort includes measurements of two-dimensional maps of the flame temperature by a thermocouple and height-dependent concentration profiles of the main species by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Experimental data are compared with 1D simulations using a reduced reaction mechanism. The results show that the new burner is well suited for the development of reaction models for precursors supplied in the liquid phase usually applied in spray-flame synthesis configurations.     

OH Diffusion in Silica Glass Preform During Jacketing Process by Oxy-Hydrogen Burner

Radial distribution of OH diffusion in silica glass preform during jacketing process using a oxy-hydrogen burner was investigated by FTIR spectroscopy. The OH peaks at the jacketing boundary and the surface of the preform were found to be due to diffusion of OH incorporated from the burner.