两相湍流色噪声扩维法PDF模型及数值模拟

由颗粒运动的朗之万方程出发,对流体脉动速度采用扩维方法,得到两个不同层次的PDF输运方程.通过对颗粒运动方程求解和高斯分布假设,解决PDF方程的封闭问题,获得颗粒二阶矩模型,然后将颗粒应力方程简化成代数方程,建立代数应力模型.将对流扩散方程的有限分析法运用到求解两相流模型中,对壁面两相射流进行数值模拟,对比分析数值结果与实验结果.     

两相湍流统一色噪声法概率密度函数模型

统一色噪声近似方法对简单一维色噪声问题研究较为充分, 本文将统一色噪声法应用到高度复杂的多维气固两相湍流系统之中.首先从颗粒运动Langevin方程出发, 利用统一色噪声法获得两相湍流Fokker-Planck方程, 然后以此为基础建立颗粒轨道两阶矩模型.文中建立的新模型成功应用于后台阶两相湍流流场的数值模拟, 预报合理正确.研究表明, 对于多维两相湍流系统, 统一色噪声法仍然行之有效.     

两相壁面射流PDF方程有限分析方法及数值模拟

提出求解位置-速度相空间中高维两相流PDF(probability density function)方程的有限分析方法,将位置-速度相空间颗粒PDF方程约化到速度空间,并解析求解,颗粒的位置PDF用轨道方法求解.对壁面射流两相流动进行数值模拟,并与颗粒雷诺应力轨道方法进行比较计算,结果优于颗粒雷诺应力轨道方法.     

颗粒增强湍流的新模型和气粒流动的湍流变动

用雷诺应力方程模型和极细的网格系对单个颗粒受湍流气体绕流进行了数值模拟,研究了改变颗粒直径和气体相对速度时颗粒增强气体湍流的规律.据此构造了颗粒尾涡增强气体湍流的新模型.将此子模型加入到两相流动模型中,对竖直和水平通道内气粒两相流动进行了数值模拟,和实验结果的对照表明,考虑颗粒尾涡增强气体湍流效应得到的气体湍流脉动速度的模拟结果比不考虑此效应的模拟结果好得多.     

颗粒Reynolds正应力轨道模型及后台阶两相流动数值模拟

用随机过程理论建立气固两相耦合脉动量Lagrange方程,并建立了气固两相流随机颗粒轨道模型中颗粒Reynolds正应力的Lagrange方程.将新的模型运用于各向同性的湍流衰减的流场中,模拟颗粒的湍流扩散特性,与文[1]中的模型和实验结果作比较,并使用新模型模拟了后台阶两相流动.     

湍流两相流动有燃烧颗粒相概率密度函数输运方程理论

由有燃烧的湍流气粒两相流动的瞬态方程和统计力学概率密度函数概念出发,推导了有燃烧颗粒相的质量－动量－能量联合概率密度函数（ＰＤＦ）输运方程,并对方程中条件期望项用梯度模拟概念进行了模拟封闭。封闭后的ＰＤＦ方程可作为建立颗粒拟流体模型方程和封闭二阶矩模型的基础,也可以通过Ｍｏｎｔｅ－Ｃａｒｌｏ 法求解用以直接计算颗粒雷诺应力和湍流动能,以便和二阶 矩模型的结果相对照,改善二阶矩模型。     

DSM-LPDF两相湍流模型及旋流两相流动的模拟

本文由流体－颗粒速度的拉氏联合概率密度函数（ＰＤＦ）输运方程出发,用Ｓｉｍｏｎｉｎ建议的Ｌａｎｇｅｖｉｎ模型封闭颗粒所遇到流体瞬时速度的条件期望项,并用Ｍｏｎｔｅ Ｃａｒｌｏ方法直接求解 ＰＤＦ输运方程,将其和求解流体雷诺应力方程模型的有限差分方法结合,建立了雷诺应力－拉氏ＰＤＦ（ＤＳＭ－ＬＰＤＦ,简称ＤＬ）两相湍流模型．用此模型模拟了旋流数为０．４７的突扩旋流气粒两相流动,并与文献中ＰＤＰＡ实验和用类似于单相流动湍流模型封闭方法的时平均统一二阶矩（ＵＳＭ）模型的预报进行了对比．     

将噪声作为独立变量的动态光散射数据反演

在动态光散射颗粒测量时,为了从含噪的自相关函数数据中准确地反演出颗粒粒度分布,对Tikhonov正则化算法进行改进,将噪声作为一个独立的未知变量应用到正则化方程中进行粒度反演.在计算过程中,相应增加方程中各系数矩阵的行数和列数,对求解的粒度分布数值则仍取其原来方程的行数和列数,从而达到对部分噪声的剔除作用.不同噪声水平下的颗粒粒度反演结果表明,改进后的算法能够显著提高低信噪比动态光散射数据粒度反演结果的准确性,适用于宽分布较大粒径的颗粒粒度反演.     

将噪声作为独立变量的动态光散射数据反演（英文）

在动态光散射颗粒测量时,为了从含噪的自相关函数数据中准确地反演出颗粒粒度分布,对Tikhonov正则化算法进行改进,将噪声作为一个独立的未知变量应用到正则化方程中进行粒度反演.在计算过程中,相应增加方程中各系数矩阵的行数和列数,对求解的粒度分布数值则仍取其原来方程的行数和列数,从而达到对部分噪声的剔除作用.不同噪声水平下的颗粒粒度反演结果表明,改进后的算法能够显著提高低信噪比动态光散射数据粒度反演结果的准确性,适用于宽分布较大粒径的颗粒粒度反演.     

后台阶气固两相流动的大涡模拟

本文基于开源计算流体力学软件OpenFOAM,开发了气固两相流动双向耦合求解器,并对Re=13800、颗粒直径为150μm的玻璃球的后台阶两相流动进行了计算。其中气相采用大涡模拟方法,用盒式过滤函数对流体相控制方程过滤求解。颗粒相采用拉格朗日方法对颗粒进行跟踪。将计算结果和实验数据进行对比,以此来检验颗粒受力计算模型和亚格子气固两相求解器的准确性。     

用视密度加权平均二阶矩模型模拟旋流两相流动

本文用视密度加权平均代替时平均,建立了视密度加权平均的统一二阶矩两相湍流模型方程组（ＭＵＳＭ）,其中用体积分数代替了数密度,用颗粒驰豫时间作为封闭两相脉动速度关联方程耗散项的时间尺度,并引入了颗粒视在的气体速度脉动的输运方程。用ＭＵＳＭ模型模拟了旋流数为０．４７的气粒两相流动。并和实验结果及时间平均的ＵＳＭ模型的模拟结果进行了对照,两种模型均能较好地预报的两相的轴向和切向速度,轴向和切向脉动速度。此外,ＭＵＳＭ模型可以减少所用方程数,节省计算量。因此视密度加权平均的统一二阶矩两相湍流模型是一种对时间平均的统一二阶矩模型的改进,今后可以进一步扩大应用。     

Stationary and dynamical properties of finite N-unit Langevin models subjected to multiplicative noises

We have studied the finite N-unit Langevin model subjected to multiplicative noises, by using the augmented moment method (AMM), as a continuation of our previous paper [H. Hasegawa, J. Phys. Soc. Japan 75 (2006) 033001]. Effects of couplings on stationary and dynamical properties of the model have been investigated. The difference and similarity between the results of diffusive and sigmoid couplings are studied in details. Time dependences of average and fluctuations in local and global variables calculated by the AMM are in good agreement with those of direct simulations (DSs). We also discuss stationary distributions of local and global variables with the use of the Fokker–Planck equation (FPE) method and DSs. It is demonstrated that stationary distributions show much variety when multiplicative noise and external inputs are taken into account.     

A ghost fluid,level set methodology for simulating multiphase electrohydrodynamic flows with application to liquid fuel injection

In this paper, we present the development of a sharp numerical scheme for multiphase electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flows for a high electric Reynolds number regime. The electric potential Poisson equation contains EHD interface boundary conditions, which are implemented using the ghost fluid method (GFM). The GFM is also used to solve the pressure Poisson equation. The methods detailed here are integrated with state-of-the-art interface transport techniques and coupled to a robust, high order fully conservative finite difference Navier–Stokes solver. Test cases with exact or approximate analytic solutions are used to assess the robustness and accuracy of the EHD numerical scheme. The method is then applied to simulate a charged liquid kerosene jet.     

Analysis of Two-Phase Cavitating Flow with Two-Fluid Model Using Integrated Boltzmann Equations

In the present work, both computational and experimental methods are employed to study the two-phase flow occurring in a model pump sump. The two-fluid model of the two-phase flow has been applied to the simulation of the three-dimensional cavitating flow. The governing equations of the two-phase cavitating flow are derived from the kinetic theory based on the Boltzmann equation. The isotropic RNG$k-\epsilon-k_{ca}$ turbulence model of two-phase flows in the form of cavity number instead of the form of cavity phase volume fraction is developed. The RNG $k-\epsilon-k_{ca}$ turbulence model, that is the RNG$k-\epsilon$ turbulence model for the liquid phase combined with the $k_{ca}$model for the cavity phase, is employed to close the governing turbulent equations of the two-phase flow. The computation of the cavitating flow through a model pump sump has been carried out with this model in three-dimensional spaces. The calculated results have been compared with the data of the PIV experiment. Good qualitative agreement has been achieved which exhibits the reliability of the numerical simulation model.     

三维均匀各向同性两相湍流的直接模拟

本文对三维气粒两相均匀各向同性湍流进行了直接数值模拟。气相控制方程组采用分布投影方法进行求解,微分方程采用六紧致阶差分格式和快速Fourier变换结合求解;计算颗粒场时,采用Lagrangian方法。由该方法得到的能谱和各统计量与由谱方法得到的对应值进行了比较,吻合十分理想,对不同Stocks数颗粒在流场内的瞬态分布也进行了初步模拟,并观察到局部富集现象,证明该方法是进行两相湍流直接数值模拟行之有效的方法。     

稠密气固流动二阶矩摩擦应力模型和模拟

基于统一二阶矩两相湍流应力模型和稠密颗粒动力学理论,建立了欧拉-欧拉双流体二阶矩颗粒摩擦应力模型。模型充分反映各向异性的气固两相相间雷诺应力相互作用,并引入有效颗粒弹性恢复系数,考虑了因颗粒表面不光滑产生的摩擦力对湍流流动结构和颗粒弥散特性的影响,对于下降管的计算结果与实验吻合较好。因颗粒摩擦产生能量耗散降低了颗粒温度和导致颗粒雷诺应力再分布。在入口和出口区域因颗粒碰撞频率较高而产生的能量耗散对流动结构影响明显。     

Multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann model for compressible fluids

We present an energy-conserving multiple-relaxation-time finite difference lattice Boltzmann model for compressible flows. The collision step is first calculated in the moment space and then mapped back to the velocity space. The moment space and corresponding transformation matrix are constructed according to the group representation theory. Equilibria of the nonconserved moments are chosen according to the need of recovering compressible Navier-Stokes equations through the Chapman-Enskog expansion. Numerical experiments showed that compressible flows with strong shocks can be well simulated by the present model. The new model works for both low and high speeds compressible flows. It contains more physical information and has better numerical stability and accuracy than its single-relaxation-time version.     

A moment approach to non-Gaussian colored noise

The Langevin system subjected to non-Gaussian colored noise has been discussed, by using the second-order moment approach with two kinds of models for generating the noise. We have derived the effective differential equation (DE) for a variable x, from which the stationary probability distribution P(x) has been calculated with the use of the Fokker-Planck equation. The result of P(x) calculated by the moment method is compared to several expressions obtained by different methods such as the universal colored noise approximation (UCNA) [Jung and Hänggi, Phys. Rev. A 35 (1987) 4464] and the functional-integral method. It has been shown that our P(x) is in good agreement with that of direct simulations (DSs). We have also discussed dynamical properties of the model with an external input, solving DEs in the moment method.