Co和Mn共掺杂ZnO电子结构和光学性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的总体能量平面波超软赝势方法,结合广义梯度近似,对未掺杂ZnO与Co和Mn共掺杂ZnO的32原子超原胞体系进行了几何结构优化,计算了纤锌矿结构ZnO与Co和Mn共掺杂ZnO的能带结构、电子态密度和光学性质,并进行了详细的分析.计算结果表明,相对于未掺杂ZnO,Co和Mn共掺杂ZnO的禁带宽度有所减小,对紫外-可见光的吸收能力明显增强. 关键词： ZnO 第一性原理 电子结构 光学性质     

过渡金属与氮共掺杂ZnO电子结构和光学性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论框架下的第一性原理平面波超软赝势方法,结合广义梯度近似(GGA)研究了过渡族金属(Mn,Fe,Co,Cu)与N共掺杂ZnO的能带结构、电子态密度分布、差分电荷密度和光学性质.计算表明Mn，Fe，Co与N共掺ZnO的光学性质与Mn，Fe，Co单掺杂相近，但是过渡族金属与N共掺杂有利于获得p型ZnO. 关键词： ZnO 第一性原理 电子结构 光学性质     

Mn掺杂ZnO光学特性的第一性原理计算

采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理平面波超软赝势方法计算了纤锌矿ZnO及不同量Mn 掺杂ZnO 晶体的电子结构,分析了掺杂对ZnO 晶体的能带结构、电子态密度、差分电荷分布的影响. 计算结果表明,随着Mn 掺杂含量的增加,ZnO 禁带宽度相应增加并且对紫外吸收区的光吸收能力也随之增强. 关键词： 密度泛函理论(DFT) 第一性原理 超软赝势 Mn掺杂ZnO     

Mn掺杂ZnO光学特性的第一性原理计算

采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理平面波超软赝势方法计算了纤锌矿ZnO及不同量Mn 掺杂ZnO 晶体的电子结构，分析了掺杂对ZnO 晶体的能带结构、电子态密度、差分电荷分布的影响. 计算结果表明，随着Mn 掺杂含量的增加，ZnO 禁带宽度相应增加并且对紫外吸收区的光吸收能力也随之增强.     

Mn-N共掺p型ZnO的第一性原理计算

基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波超软赝势法对ZnO(Mn,N)体系的晶格结构、形成能、态密度以及电荷密度进行了计算和理论研究.研究结果表明,Mn和N共掺杂ZnO体系具有更低的杂质形成能和更高的化学稳定性,更加适合p型掺杂.Mn和N以1:2的比例掺杂时,体系的形成能降低,体系更稳定;同时,体系中形成双受主能级缺陷,使得杂质固溶度增大,体系中载流子数增多,p型化特征更明显.此外,研究发现相比于N单掺杂ZnO体系,Mn和N原子共掺杂ZnO体系有更多的杂质态密度穿越费米能级,在导带与价带之间形成更宽的受主N 2p的杂质态,同时空穴有效质量变小.与Mn-N共掺杂体系相比,Mn-2N共掺杂体系的受主杂质在费米能级附近的态密度更加弥散,非局域化特征明显.因此,Mn-N共掺杂有望成为p型掺杂的更有效的手段.     

Cu-Co共掺杂ZnO光电性质的第一性原理计算

采用密度泛函理论框架下的第一性原理平面波超软赝势方法,计算了本征ZnO,Cu 1021cm-3单掺杂ZnO,Co单掺杂ZnO,Cu-Co共掺杂ZnO的电子结构和光学性质.结果表明,在本文掺杂浓度数量级下,Cu,Co单掺杂可以提高ZnO的载流子浓度,从而改善ZnO的导电性,Cu-Co共掺杂时ZnO半导体进入简并状态,呈现金属性.这三种掺杂ZnO均会在可见光和近紫外区域出现光吸收增强现象,其中由于Cu离子与Co离子之间的协同效应,Cu-Co共掺杂ZnO对太阳光的吸收大幅增加,因此Cu-Co共掺杂ZnO可以用于制备高效率的太阳电池.     

Li,N双受主共掺杂实现p型ZnO的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论,采用第一性原理平面波超软赝势法,首先对六方纤锌矿结构的ZnO晶体和N,Li分别掺杂ZnO以及Li-N共掺杂ZnO晶体的几何结构分别进行了优化计算,在此基础上计算得到了未掺杂ZnO晶体和不同掺杂情况下ZnO晶体的能带结构、总体态密度、分波态密度和电荷布居数.利用计算的结果,从理论上分析了Li-N共掺杂ZnO更容易得到稳定的p型ZnO. 关键词： ZnO 电子结构 第一性原理 p型共掺杂     

In-N共掺杂ZnO第一性原理计算

采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理平面波超软赝势方法计算了纤锌矿ZnO,N掺杂和In-N共掺杂ZnO晶体的电子结构,分析了N掺杂和In-N共掺杂ZnO晶体的能带结构、电子态密度、差分电荷分布以及H原子对In-N共掺杂ZnO的影响.计算结果表明：N掺杂ZnO在能隙中引入了深受主能级,载流子(空穴)局域于价带顶附近.而加入激活施主In的In-N共掺杂ZnO,受主能级向低能方向移动,形成了浅受主能级.同时,受主能级带变宽、非局域化特征明显、提高了掺杂浓度和系统的稳定性.文章的结论与实验结果相符,从而为实 关键词： 密度泛函理论(DFT) 第一性原理 N掺杂ZnO In-N共掺杂ZnO     

Co掺杂闪锌矿ZnO的磁性和光学性质

采用自旋极化密度泛函理论方法对Co掺杂闪锌矿ZnO的能带结构、态密度、磁学和光学属性进行了研究.计算结果显示:Co掺杂闪锌矿ZnO的基态是反铁磁态,具有金属性特征;而铁磁态具有半金属性特征.铁磁耦合在费米能级附近出现了明显的自旋劈裂现象,表现出明显的不对称性和强烈的Co 3d和O 2p杂化效应.磁矩主要来源于Co 3d轨道电子以及部分近邻耦合的O 2p轨道电子,大小与Co原子的掺杂位置有关.光学性质计算结果显示,Co掺杂闪锌矿ZnO在可见光范围内都有较强的光吸收能力,吸收峰在高能区发生了红移现象.理论计算结果表明,Co掺杂闪锌矿ZnO或许是一种优异的磁光材料.     

新型超导材料MgCNi3的电子结构与超导电性研究

用MS-Xα方法研究了非氧化物超导材料MgCNi3的电子结构.研究结果显示,态密度分布曲线的主峰靠近Fermi面,主要来自于Ni的d电子的贡献.用T(T=Co,Mn,Cu)替代MgCNi3中的部分Ni形成化合物MgCNi2T,替代使Ni的价电子数减小,价态发生变化,Fermi面处态密度N(EF)减小.计算结果表明:无论是电子掺杂(Cu)还是空穴掺杂(Co,Mn),MgCNi3的超导电性都被抑制;Mn掺杂比Co掺杂更快地抑制超导电性,Co是作为空穴掺杂而不是作为磁性杂质掺杂去抑制超导.     

The electronic and magnetic properties of （Mn,C）-codoped ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductor

The electronic and magnetic properties of (Mn,C)-codoped ZnO are studied in the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof form of generalized gradient approximation of the density functional theory. By investigating five geometrical configurations, we find that Mn doped ZnO exhibits anti-ferromagnetic or spin-glass behaviour, and there are no carriers to mediate the long range ferromagnetic (FM) interaction without acceptor co-doping. We observe that the FM interaction for (Mn,C)-codoped ZnO is due to the hybridization between C 2p and Mn 3d states, which is strong enough to lead to hole-mediated ferromagnetism at room temperature. Meanwhile, we demonstrate that ZnO co-doped with Mn and C has a stable FM ground state and show that the (Mn,C)-codoped ZnO is FM semiconductor with super-high Curie temperature (T C = 5475 K). These results are conducive to the design of dilute magnetic semiconductors with codopants for spintronics applications.     

不同价态Mn掺杂InN电子结构、磁学和光学性质的第一性原理研究

采用密度泛函理论体系下的广义梯度近似GGA+U平面波超软赝势方法,在构建了纤锌矿结构的InN超胞及三种不同有序占位Mn~(2+),Mn~(3+)价态分别掺杂InN超胞模型,并进行几何优化的基础上,计算了掺杂前后体系的电子结构、能量以及光学性质.计算结果表明:Mn掺杂后体系总能量和形成能降低,稳定性增加,并在费米能级附近引入自旋极化杂质带,体系具有明显的自旋极化现象.掺杂不同价态的Mn元素对体系电子结构和磁学性质产生了不同的影响.电子结构和磁性分析表明掺杂体系的磁性来源于p-d交换机制和双交换机制的共同作用,Mn~(3+)价态掺杂有利于掺杂体系的居里温度达到室温以上.与未掺杂InN相比,不同价态Mn元素掺杂后体系的静态介电函数显著增大,掺杂体系介电函数虚部和吸收光谱在低能区域出现了较强的新峰,分析认为这些新峰主要来自与费米能级附近自旋极化杂质带相关的跃迁.     

Room-temperature anomalous Hall effect and magnetroresistance in (Ga, Co)-codoped ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductor films

This paper reports that the(Ga,Co)-codoped ZnO thin films have been grown by inductively coupled plasma enhanced physical vapour deposition.Room-temperature ferromagnetism is observed for the as-grown thin films.The x-ray absorption fine structure characterization reveals that Co 2+ and Ga 3+ ions substitute for Zn 2+ ions in the ZnO lattice and exclude the possibility of extrinsic ferromagnetism origin.The ferromagnetic(Ga,Co)-codoped ZnO thin films exhibit carrier concentration dependent anomalous Hall effect and positive magnetoresistance at room temperature.The mechanism of anomalous Hall effect and magneto-transport in ferromagnetic ZnO-based diluted magnetic semiconductors is discussed.     

Magnetic properties of Mn-doped tellurite flakes like microstructure

In the present study, we report the magnetic properties of manganese-doped (Mn-doped) tellurite flakes, which are microstructure-like arrangements synthesized using the sol-gel method. These flakes exhibit ferromagnetism at room temperature. A temperature-dependent magnetic study (M-T) revealed the structures to exhibit ferromagnetism (FM) below 300 K. From the X-ray absorption and magnetic studies, it is evident that ferromagnetism originates due to Mn doping. Because ferromagnetism occurs at room temperature, Mn-doped tellurite flakes could be a candidate for spintronic devices as dilute magnetic semiconductors.     

Room-temperature magneto-optics of ferromagnetic transition-metal-doped ZnO thin films

Magneto-optic studies of ZnO doped with transition metals Co, Mn, V, and Ti indicate a significant magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) at the ZnO band edge at room temperature, together with an associated dispersive Faraday rotation. Similar spectra occur for each dopant, which implies that the ferromagnetism is an intrinsic property of the bulk ZnO lattice. At 10 K, additional paramagnetic contributions to the MCD are observed, but above about 150 K, the magnitude of the MCD signal is dominated by the ferromagnetism and is almost temperature independent. The MCD at the ZnO band edge shows room temperature hysteretic behavior.     

退火氛围对掺杂ZnO薄膜磁性的影响

采用直流磁控反应共溅法制备了非磁性元素Al和磁性元素Co掺杂的ZnO薄膜, 样品原位真空退火后再空气退火处理. 利用X射线衍射仪(XRD) 和物理性能测量仪(PPMS) 对薄膜的结构和磁性进行了表征. XRD和PPMS结果表明, 不同的退火氛围对掺杂薄膜的结构和磁性有着很大的影响. 真空退火的Al掺杂ZnO薄膜没有观察到铁磁性, 而空气退火的样品却显示出明显的室温铁磁性, 铁磁性的来源与空气退火后导致Al和ZnO基体间电荷转移增强有关. 而对于Co掺杂ZnO薄膜, 真空退火后再空气退火, 室温铁磁性明显减弱. 其磁性变化与Co离子和ZnO基体间电荷转移导致磁性增强和间隙Co原子被氧化导致磁性减弱有关.     

Chemical manipulation of high-T(C) ferromagnetism in ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductors

We report the use of targeted p- and n-type chemical perturbations to manipulate high-T(C) ferromagnetism in Mn(2+):ZnO and Co(2+):ZnO in predictable and reproducible ways. We demonstrate a clear correlation between nitrogen and high-T(C) ferromagnetism for Mn(2+):ZnO and an inverse correlation for Co(2+):ZnO, both as predicted by recent theoretical models. These chemical perturbations reveal rich possibilities for exerting external control over high-T(C) spin ordering in diluted magnetic semiconductors.     

Analysis of effective spin-polarized transport through a ZnO based magnetic p–n junction at room temperature

ZnO based magnetic semiconductors (MSs) are prominent candidates for the spintronic devices because of their high Curie temperatures and low conductance mismatches. In this paper the spin-polarized transport in MS/nonmagnetic semiconductor (NMS) p–n junction is investigated. A model is established based on semiconductor drift–diffusion theory and continuity equation. Boundary conditions are obtained from the quasi-chemical potential (QCP) relations at the junction interface. For a ZnO based magnetic p–n junction, we calculate the distributions of carrier/spin density and spin polarization at room temperature. It is demonstrated that by choosing proper parameters, effective spin-polarized injection from ZnO based MS into ZnO can be achieved at room temperature without external spin-polarized injection (ESPI) or large bias.     

Ag-Cr共掺LiZnP新型稀磁半导体的光电性质

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波超软赝势法,对纯Li Zn P, Ag/Cr单掺和Ag-Cr共掺Li Zn P新型稀磁半导体进行了结构优化,计算并分析了掺杂体系的电子结构、磁性、形成能、差分电荷密度和光学性质.结果表明:非磁性元素Ag单掺后,材料表现为金属顺磁性;磁性元素Cr单掺后, sp-d杂化使态密度峰出现劈裂,体系变成金属铁磁性;而Ag-Cr共掺后,其性质与Ag和Cr单掺完全不同,变为半金属铁磁性,带隙值略微减小,导电能力增强,同时形成能降低,原子间的相互作用和键强度增强,晶胞的稳定性增强.通过比较光学性质发现,掺杂体系的介电函数虚部和光吸收谱在低能区均出现新的峰值,且当Ag-Cr共掺时介电峰峰值最高,同时复折射率函数在低能区发生明显变化,吸收边向低能方向延展,体系对低频电磁波吸收加强.     

Ga vacancy induced ferromagnetism enhancement and electronic structures of RE-doped GaN

Because of their possible applications in spintronic and optoelectronic devices, GaN dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) doped by rare-earth (RE) elements have attracted much attention since the high Curie temperature was obtained in RE-doped GaN DMSs and a colossal magnetic moment was observed in the Gd-doped GaN thin film. We have systemically studied the GaN DMSs doped by RE elements (La, Ce–Yb) using the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method within the framework of density functional theory and adding the considerations of the electronic correlation and the spin-orbital coupling effects. We have studied the electronic structures of DMSs, especially for the contribution from f electrons. The origin of magnetism, magnetic interaction and the possible mechanism of the colossal magnetic moment were explored. We found that, for materials containing f electrons, electronic correlation was usually strong and the spin–orbital coupling was sometimes crucial in determining the magnetic ground state. It was found that GaN doped by La was non-magnetic. GaN doped by Ce, Nd, Pm, Eu, Gd, Tb and Tm are stabilized at antiferromagnetic phase, while GaN doped by other RE elements show strong ferromagnetism which is suitable materials for spintronic devices. Moreover, we have identified that the observed large enhancement of magnetic moment in GaN is mainly caused by Ga vacancies (3.0μB per Ga vacancy), instead of the spin polarization by magnetic ions or originating from N vacancies. Various defects, such as substitutional Mg for Ga, O for N under the RE doping were found to bring a reduction of ferromagnetism. In addition, intermediate bands were observed in some systems of GaN:RE and GaN with intrinsic defects, which possibly opens the potential application of RE-doped semiconductors in the third generation high efficiency photovoltaic devices.