Er3+-Yb3+共掺磷酸盐玻璃平面波导

研制一种新型的Er^3 -Yb^3 共掺磷酸盐激光玻璃材料，在其上用离子交换方法进行平面光波导制作研究。实验表明，该玻璃在AgNO3 KNO3 NaNO3混合熔盐中具有良好的化学稳定性，为平面光波导放大器的制作提供了实验依据。     

K~+-Na~+二次离子交换制作玻璃波导

通过数值计算模拟了K + Na+ 二次扩散玻璃波导的折射率轮廓 ,阐述了利用K + Na+ 二次离子交换的方法 ,在BK7玻璃上制作波导的过程 ,分析了极化率不同的扩散离子对的选择对波导有效折射率变化的影响 ,以及扩散平衡时体积变化对表面折射率的影响 ,描述了扩散引起的波导内部诱导应力变化 设计了测试波导损耗以及波导表面折射率改变的实验装置 ,对尺寸 1 0mm×1 0mm× 1 .5mm和 1 0mm× 5mm× 1 .5mm两组BK7玻璃基片上的玻璃波导进行了测试 ,测试结果与理论吻合较好     

K+-Na+二次离子交换制作玻璃波导

通过数值计算模拟了K⁺Na⁺二次扩散玻璃波导的折射率轮廓,阐述了利用K⁺Na⁺二次离子交换的方法,在BK7玻璃上制作波导的过程,分析了极化率不同的扩散离子对的选择对波导有效折射率变化的影响,以及扩散平衡时体积变化对表面折射率的影响,描述了扩散引起的波导内部诱导应力变化设计了测试波导损耗以及波导表面折射率改变的实验装置,对尺寸10mm×10mm×1.5mm和10mm×5mm×1.5mm两组BK7玻璃基片上的玻璃波导进行了测试,测试结果与理论吻合较好.     

磷酸盐共掺Er／Yb激光玻璃与平面波导的制备

制备了Yb/Er共掺杂的新型（简称为：PAML）磷酸盐激光玻璃,与常规的Q89磷酸盐激光玻璃（Tg－440℃）相比,玻璃的转变温度（Tg≈535℃）提高了160℃。用AgNO3／KNO3＝3mol％／97mol％融盐浴、360℃、30分钟,通过离子交换制备了玻璃平面波导,并研究了波导模式的变化。     

一种离子交换制备的玻璃光波导谐振腔滤波器

采用AgNO3、KNO3混和熔盐作为离子交换源,在K9玻璃上制备了跑道形谐振腔滤波器。测试得到该滤波器的自由光谱范围为0.178 nm,两个输出端口的衬比度分别为1.47 dB和6.5 dB,分析得到耦合器的分束比和谐振腔的传输损耗分别为к=0.16和α=8.1 dB/cm。利用热光效应在16℃的温度变化范围内,滤波器实现了2π的相位调制,同时分析得到波导材料的热光系数约为1.28×10-5/℃。     

干银膜离子交换玻璃平面光波导

本文采用干银膜离子交换方法,在硅酸盐玻璃表面实现Ag^ -Na^2 离子交换,形成高折射率层,制备出低损耗平面光波导,为玻璃光波导制备提供新的有效技术途径。     

Ag+-Li+离子交换制作Er3+/Yb3+共掺磷酸盐玻璃平面光波导

制备了化学稳定的Er3+/Yb3+共掺的磷酸盐玻璃,并在其中制作了用于光放大器和激光器的平面光波导.这种磷酸盐玻璃的失重速率为4.7×10－5g·cm－2·hr－1,小于Kigre公司商业化的磷酸盐玻璃QX/Er的失重速率.采用Ag+-Li+交换技术制作了平面光波导并用m-线光谱在632.8 nm测量了平面光波导的有效折射率.根据反WKB法得到折射率形貌,计算了离子交换参数如:离子交换深度、表面折射率,折射率改变和扩散系数等.     

光波导材料与制备

通过数值计算模拟了K 一Na 二次扩散玻璃波导的折射率轮廓,阐述了利用K 一Na十二次离子交换的方法在BK7玻璃上制作波导的过程,分析了极化率不同的扩散离子对的选择对波导有效折射率变化的影响,以及扩散平衡时体积变化对表面折射率的影响,描述了扩散引起的波导内部诱导应力变化。设计了测试波导损耗以及波导     

掩埋型离子交换玻璃光波导的变分分析

用变分法对离子交换法制备的掺铒光波导的传播特性进行了分析,推导出了适用于掩埋型离子交换玻璃沟道光波导中场分布传播常量的变分表达式,构建了场分布的厄米-高斯型试探解,在两种不同实验条件下,采用变分法确定了试探解中的待定参量,获得光波导中的场分布,利用传播常量的变分公式和已确定的场分布计算得到了传播常量和有效折射率。计算数据表明:导波区域的有效折射率稍稍地大于限制层的折射率,说明离子交换法制备的波导器件是弱波导;高的辅助退火电场强度和适当的退火时间下,所制备的光波导可以支持更多光模式的传输。该方法计算过程简洁、快速,计算结果与实验结果吻合。     

玻璃波导及两次离子交换法

本文报道Soda-lime玻璃的Ag~+-Na~+和K~+-Na~+离子交换波导的制备、特性分析;并介绍制作表面折射率元件(例如棱镜、透镜)的两次离子交换法,以及用卢瑟福后向散射谱分析玻璃离子交换后表面层的离子分布轮廓。     

Protection of phosphate glass by BK7 glass film in ion-exchange processing

Surface corrosion of phosphate glass during ion-exchange processing for optical waveguide fabrication is studied, and a protection method by using BK7 glass film is proposed and demonstrated in this paper. The protection coating processing is described and optical microscope and atomic force microscope observations are presented. Characteristics of the planar waveguide were measured also to show the protection coating would not introduce influence to waveguide formation in the phosphate glass. Experimental results show that the method can serve an effective protection, and will improve the performance of rare-earth-doped active phosphate glass optical waveguides.     

费米折射率波导的包层吸收模谱特性和溶液浓度传感研究

采用0.004AgNO3-0.996NaNO3混合熔融盐,用离子交换技术在德国B270光学玻璃上制备了费米折射率分布渐变波导,理论分析了费米折射率分布渐变波导的包层吸收模谱特性.导波损耗测试实验验证了解析结果.在此基础上,提出了一种用于液体包层吸收损耗测试的双样品盒串连的波导回路.测试结果证实表征溶液包层吸收特征的折射率虚部与溶液浓度之间具有十分显著的线性关系,测试灵敏度与波导的模式和波导参量有关,尤其与波导层厚度有非常敏感的关联性.利用这个关系传感测试了13种不同浓度的耐晒果绿染料水溶液样品的浓度,结果显示测试值与实际配制浓度值的均方差小于0.07%.     

利用离子交换技术制备跑道形波导谐振腔滤波器的研究

采用AgNO3和KNO3混和熔盐作为离子交换源,在K9玻璃上制备了跑道形波导谐振腔滤波器。利用ASE宽带光源和光谱仪对器件特性进行了测试,得到的该滤波器自由光谱范围为0.176nm。对比对Cr=4dB和3dB带宽δλ=0.13nm来说,耦合系数和传输损耗分别为к=0.9和α=3.2dB/cm。测试了环形腔的热光调相特性,在16℃的变化范围内实现了2π的相移。通过分析,波导材料的热光系数约为1.49×10-5/℃。该滤波器不仅可用于滤波、传感等领域,而且也可与其它波导结构相结合实现新的功能。     

离子交换法中熔盐成分与波导参数的关系

本文用AgNO_3+NaNO_3混合熔盐的离子交换法制作了多模掩埋玻璃波导,采用White法和扫描电镜的背向散射谱研究了AgNO_3浓度对波导参数的影响。提出了一种制作与多模光纤有较佳匹配的波导结构的方案。     

Characterization and sensor properties of sol-gel SiO2:TiO2 film/ion-exchange glass optical waveguides

The paper presents the characterization and sensor properties of composite sol-gel SiO₂:TiO₂ film/ion-exchange glass optical waveguides. In the theoretical part of the paper the analysis involving the influence of the parameters of a uniform waveguide film on homogeneous sensitivity has been presented. It has been shown that the highest sensitivity can be obtained making use of the interference of TM₀-TM₁ modes. In the experimental part of the work the manufacturing technology of composite sol-gel SiO₂:TiO₂ film/ion-exchange glass optical waveguides has been described and the analysis results of the produced structures have been presented. The paper presents the influence of the thickness of the uniform waveguide film and the influence of the refractive index of the cover on effective refractive indexes. The produced waveguide structures are characterized by high homogeneous sensitivity.     

Interference microscopy of femtosecond laser written waveguides in phosphate glass

By focusing fs-laser radiation in the volume of a transparent material the refractive index can be changed locally, leading to 3-dimensional waveguiding structures. Waveguides are written in phosphate glass (IOG from Schott) at a depth of 100 μm below the surface. The pulse energy and the scan velocity are varied. For the first time the optical path difference caused by the waveguides and therefore the refractive index distribution of the waveguides and their cross sections are determined using interference microscopy. The optical path difference measured in the written structures and their cross sections is analyzed by a phase-shift algorithm. Thus, the refractive index distribution both along a line perpendicular to the waveguide and in the plane of a cross section is determined. The results are visualized as 2-dimensional graphics. Several regions of opposite sign of the refractive index change are observed in the cross sections of waveguides generated by femtosecond laser pulses. The number and the size of these regions are increasing with increasing pulse energy and decreasing scan velocity.     

Writing low-loss waveguides in borosilicate (BK7) glass with a low-repetition-rate femtosecond laser

Borosilicate glass (BK7) is a widely-used material in integrated optics devices and in the optical communications industry. We report on laser-written waveguiding in BK7 glass using a low-repetition-rate (1 kHz) laser producing 40 fs pulses of 800 nm light. A 500 μm slit is used to write structures 100 μm below the glass surface. These waveguides show strong guidance at 635 nm, with an index contrast of 3 × 10^− 4 and a propagation loss of ~ 0.5 dB/cm. We measured the change in refractive index for a range of writing conditions as quantified in terms of energy dose; there is an energy dose window (> 0.6 μJ μm^− 3 and < 1.5 μJ μm^− 3) within which the written structures show guidance.     

K-Na离子交换单模平面波导的制备及其表征

通过K-Na离子交换技术制备了多模玻璃平面波导.采用棱镜耦合技术测量了波导的有效折射率,用IWKB方法拟合得到K-Na离子交换波导的折射率分布符合高斯分布,由色散曲线得到单模波导的制备条件(即扩散深度范围),从而得出单模波导的离子交换时间范围,制备出单模波导,并通过求解WKB色散方程得出单模波导的表面折射率.用普通数码相机,通过对离子交换平面玻璃光波导传输线进行数字成像,根据传输线上的光强分布拟合出光强传输衰减曲线,计算出单模波导的传输损耗大约为0.4 dB/cm.