等离子体增强InAs单量子点荧光辐射的研究

通过测量光致发光(PL)谱、PL时间分辨光谱及不同激发功率下PL发光强度,研究了低温(5 K)下等离子体对InAs单量子点PL光谱的增强效应.采用电子束蒸发镀膜技术在InAs量子点样品表面淀积了5 nm厚度的金膜,形成纳米金岛膜结构.实验发现,金岛膜有利于量子点样品发光强度的增加,最大PL强度增加了约5倍,其主要物理机理是金岛膜纳米结构提高了量子点PL光谱的收集效率.     

一种新型表面增强拉曼活性基底的制备及表征

研究了一种新的表面增强拉曼活性银基底的制备方法,采用银增强剂和引发剂的混合溶液处理全铝表面制备了银基底,利用扫描电子显微镜分析了基底的表面形态和结构,测定结晶紫分子在基底表面的拉曼光谱.结果表明,这种基底具有很强的表面增强拉曼散射效应(SERS)活性和稳定性.     

银纳米有序阵列SERS活性基底的制备及在膀胱肿瘤细胞检测中的应用

以多孔阳极氧化铝(porous anodic alumina,PAA)膜为模板,采用真空电子束蒸镀技术,分别在PAA多孔层以及阻挡层表面形成了银纳米孔和银纳米帽有序阵列表面增强拉曼散射(surface-enhancedRaman scattering,SERS)活性基底,并以膀胱肿瘤细胞作为分子探针,测试和分析了这两种SERS活性基底的表面增强拉曼光谱的特性。结果表明,两种SERS活性基底对膀胱肿瘤细胞的拉曼散射信号均有很好的增强作用。银纳米帽有序阵列SERS活性基底不仅具有较高的SERS增强和荧光猝灭效应,而且不存在与PAA膜中草酸根杂质相关的干扰峰,可获得膀胱肿瘤细胞拉曼散射光谱的更多细节信息。     

用于低丰度添加剂检测的具有表面增强拉曼光谱活性的Au@Au@Ag双壳核纳米粒子的制备（英文）

本文合成了 Au@Au@Ag双壳核纳米粒子,并利用透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和紫外可见光谱进行了表征.以结晶紫作为拉曼探针,并与相同方法制备的Au、Au@Ag和Au@Au核壳纳米粒子比较,发现其表面增强拉曼光谱活性明显增强.通过引入氯化钠,发现所得材料的表面增强拉曼光谱活性进一步增强,氯化钠浓度在表面增强拉曼光谱检测中起着关键作用.在适当的氯化钠浓度下,检测限可低至10~(-10) mol/L,并讨论了其中可能的增强机制.通过简单的样品预处理,利用该材料作为基底可以检测辣椒粉中罗丹明B,检出限可达5 μg/g.该研究表明Au@Au@Ag双壳核纳米粒子在检测低浓度非法食品添加剂方面具有潜在用途.     

铜薄膜等离子改性及表面增强拉曼光谱的研究

表面增强拉曼光谱(surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, SERS)技术是一种基于探测吸附于金属基底表面分子振动光谱的快速无损检测方法,目前广泛应用于表面吸附、电化学催化、传感器、生物医学检测和痕量的检测与分析等领域。本实验采用直流磁控溅射技术在BK7玻璃基底上沉积一层厚度为50 nm的金属铜薄膜,在Ar离子轰击作用下获得不同表面粗糙度的金属铜薄膜样品,从而制备具有不同表面增强拉曼光谱活性的金属基底。实验样品分别通过X射线衍射仪（XRD）、原子力显微镜（AFM）、分光光度计、拉曼光谱仪表征其结构、表面形貌及光学性质。测试结果表明铜膜在Ar离子束轰击前后,样品X射线衍射谱的峰值强度没有发生变化,说明其晶相结构未发生改变;随着离子束能量的增加,薄膜表面粗糙度改变,光学散射强度随着表面粗糙度的增加而增强;离子束薄膜表面改性后,以罗丹明B(Rh B)为探针分子,表征薄膜样品表面增强拉曼的活性,通过对比不同样品表面Rh B的拉曼光谱,发现其光谱强度随金属铜薄膜样品表面粗糙度的增加而增强。     

用于低丰度添加剂检测的具有表面增强拉曼光谱活性的Au@Au@Ag双壳核纳米粒子的制备

本文合成了Au@Au@Ag双壳核纳米粒子,并利用透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和紫外可见光谱进行了表征. 以结晶紫作为拉曼探针,并与相同方法制备的Au、Au@Ag和Au@Au核壳纳米粒子比较,发现其表面增强拉曼光谱活性明显增强. 通过引入氯化钠,发现所得材料的表面增强拉曼光谱活性进一步增强,氯化钠浓度在表面增强拉曼光谱检测中起着关键作用. 在适当的氯化钠浓度下,检测限可低至10^-10 mol/L,并讨论了其中可能的增强机制. 通过简单的样品预处理,利用该材料作为基底可以检测辣椒粉中罗丹明B,检出限可达5 μg/g. 该研究表明Au@Au@Ag 双壳核纳米粒子在检测低浓度非法食品添加剂方面具有潜在用途.     

电沉积花状Au@R6G复合纳米粒子及其表面增强拉曼散射活性

采用循环伏安法(CV), 在ITO玻璃表面一步法电沉积了花状的Au@R6G(罗丹明6G)复合纳米粒子膜, 该膜呈现很强的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)活性, 比传统制备金膜的方法提高了一个数量级。采用扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM), X射线衍射光谱(XRD), 拉曼光谱对复合纳米粒子进行表征。通过实验发现, 电沉积20圈时的Au@R6G样品SERS信号增强最为显著, R6G的SERS检测限可达到10-10 M。     

银岛膜表面胸腺嘧啶吸附行为的表面增强拉曼光谱和表面增强红外光谱研究

利用激光刻蚀法制备了具有化学纯净表面的银岛膜,该岛膜有很好的表面增强特性。利用表面增强拉曼光谱和表面增强红外光谱对胸腺嘧啶分子在银岛膜表面的吸附状态进行了对比研究。表面增强拉曼光谱中CN和C—O伸缩振动模式的出现表明胸腺嘧啶分子由原来的酮式结构变成了烯醇式结构;C(4)O伸缩振动谱带明显增强和N(3)的去质子化异构体特征峰的存在证明胸腺嘧啶分子是通过O(8)和N(3)的共同作用倾斜地吸附在银岛膜表面。对10-5 mol.L-1胸腺嘧啶在银岛膜表面上的红外光谱利用欧米采样器进行了反射法测量,发现其红外吸收增强了200倍。红外信号分析的结果支持了胸腺嘧啶分子通过O(8)与银表面发生相互作用的论断,同时也可得出胸腺嘧啶倾斜地吸附在银岛膜表面的结论。     

小牛胸腺DNA分子Langmuir-Blodgett复合膜的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

本文利用Langmuir-Blodgett(LB)技术将小牛胸腺DNA分子沉积在银基底上,测试并讨论了它的π-A等温曲线,原子力图及表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)。通过利用LB技术,获得了DNA分子的LB复合膜的高质量的SERS。在DNA分子LB膜的表面增强拉曼光谱中,DNA的核糖和碱基腺嘌呤是吸附活性部位,它们的振动光谱得到增强。DNA的其它碱基和磷酸基团的拉曼光谱强度也明显的得到增强。分析认为DNA分子增强的拉曼光谱主要是由于LB膜的有序结构的贡献,使得SERS效应得到进一步的增强。因此利用LB技术是得到DNA的高质量SERS很好的方法。     

异黄樟油素在银电极上吸附行为的表面增强拉曼光谱

利用表面增强拉曼光谱研究了异黄樟油素在粗糙银电极上的成膜现象,考察了激光强度,激光照射时间以及电极电位对膜的影响。发现该膜受激光照射、电极电位的影响很大。为本体系开展电化学原位表面增强拉曼光谱研究及其有关实验条件的选择与优化提供了实验依据。     

First-principles studies of the vibrational properties of amorphous carbon nitrides

Raman spectra of amorphous carbon nitride films (a-C:N) resemble those of typical amorphous carbon (a-C), and no specific features in the spectra are shown due to N doping. The present work provides a correlation between the microstructure and vibrational properties of a-C:N films from first principles. The six periodic model structures of 64 atoms with various mass densities and nitrogen contents are generated by the liquid-quench method using Car-Parinello molecular dynamics. By using Raman coupling tensors calculated with the finite electric field method, Raman spectra are obtained. The calculated results show that the vibrations of C=N could directly contribute to the Raman spectrum. The similarity of the Raman line shapes of N-doped and N-free amorphous carbons is due to the overlapping of C=N and C=C vibration bands. In addition, the origin of characteristic Raman peaks is also given.     

沉积温度对含氢非晶碳膜电学性质的影响

用苯作为源气体,使用微波电子回旋共振(ECR)等离子体气相沉积法在不同温度下制备了含 氢非晶碳薄膜,研究了沉积温度对薄膜的直流电阻率、击穿场强的影响,发现它们与沉积速 率密切相关.测量了薄膜的含氢量与Raman谱,利用Angus等人提出的随机共价网络模型对结果 作了分析. 关键词： 非晶碳薄膜 ECR等离子体化学气相沉积 直流电阻     

A fast method to diagnose phase transition from amorphous to microcrystalline silicon

A series of hydrogenated silicon thin films were prepared by the radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method (RF-PECVD) with various silane concentrations. The influence of silane concentration on structural and electrical characteristics of these films was investigated to study the phase transition region from amorphous to microcrystalline phase. At the same time, optical emission spectra (OES) from the plasma during the deposition process were monitored to get information about the plasma properties, Raman spectra were measured to study the structural characteristics of the deposited films. The combinatorial analysis of OES and Raman spectra results demonstrated that the OES can be used as a fast method to diagnose phase transition from amorphous to microcrystalline silicon. At last the physical mechanism, why both OES and Raman can be used to diagnose the phase transition, was analyzed theoretically.     

金纳米粒子自组装薄膜的光谱学研究

采用柠檬酸钠还原氯金酸制备了金胶体，通过静电自组装制备了金纳米粒子薄膜，利用紫外-可见光吸收光谱等对金纳米粒子薄膜进行了光谱学研究，紫外-可见光吸收光谱表明所制备的金溶胶为单分散体系，根据自组装薄膜的X-射线衍射谱，由谢乐公式估算金纳米粒子的粒径约为21nm；X-射线光电子能谱显示氯金酸的还原反应比较完全，金主要以Au^0的价态存在，金胶体粒子通过静电吸引机制组装到PDDA改性的衬底表面；紫外-可见光吸收光谱和表面增强拉曼光谱显示，由于粒子间的电磁耦合，自组装金纳米粒子薄膜表现出协同等离子体共振吸收行为和表面增强拉曼散射效应。     

Microstructural characterization of Ti-C-N thin films prepared by reactive crossed beam pulsed laser deposition

In this work, Raman spectroscopy has been used to characterize Ti-C-N thin films in order to obtain information about the microstructure of the deposited materials, and in particular to study the effects due to the carbon incorporation into the TiN lattice. Ti-C-N thin films were prepared using a crossed plasma configuration in which the ablation of two different targets, titanium and carbon, in a reactive atmosphere was performed. With this configuration, the carbon content in the films was varied in an easy way from 5.0 at% to 40.0 at%. Thin film composition was determined from Non-Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (NRBS) measurements. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-Ray diffraction measurements were also carried out in order to characterize the films in more detail, with this being used to give support to the interpretation of the Raman spectra. The Raman results revealed that at lower carbon concentrations a solid solution Ti(C, N) is formed, whilst at higher carbon concentrations a nanocomposite, consisting of nanocrystalline TiCN and TiC immersed in an amorphous carbon matrix is obtained.     

The structure of thin carbon films deposited at 13.5 nm EUV irradiation

In this work, the structure and chemistry of thin nm-thick carbon films deposited on a substrate using strong 13.5 nm EUV irradiation under a strong vacuum were studied. The film structure was studied by Raman spectroscopy in comparison with the Raman spectra of well-known carbon phases: diamond, single-wall nanotubes, nano- and micro-crystalline graphite and amorphous carbon. As well, FTIR spectroscopy was used to study possible IR-active chemical bonds, primarily, hydrogen bonds. It was shown that films deposited on a surface under EUV irradiation consists of amorphous sp ²-carbon. The mechanisms of deposition are discussed briefly. Knowledge about the structure and chemistry of such carbon films is very important for EUV lithography.     

Characterization of nanocrystalline gold/DLC composite films synthesized by plasma CVD technique

Composite films containing gold nanoparticles embedded in diamond-like carbon (Au-DLC) matrix were deposited on glass and Si (1 0 0) substrates by using capacitatively coupled plasma (CCP) chemical vapour deposition technique (CVD). Particle size and metal volume fraction were tailored by varying the relative amount of argon in the methane + argon gas mixture in the plasma. Optical constants of the films were evaluated. Bonding environment in these films were obtained from Raman and Fourier transformed infrared spectra (FTIR) studies. Blue-shift of the surface plasmon resonance peak in the optical absorbance spectra of the films could be associated with the reduction of the particle size while red shift was observed with the increase in volume fraction of metal particles in the DLC films. Absorption spectra recorded in the reflection mode indicated dichromatism in these films.     

Structural, mechanical and hydrophobic properties of fluorine-doped diamond-like carbon films synthesized by plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (PIII–D)

Fluorine-doped diamond-like carbon (a-C:F) films with different fluorine content were fabricated on Si wafer by plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (PIII–D). Film composition and structure were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman scattering spectroscopy. Surface morphology and roughness were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Hardness and scratch resistance were measured by nano-indentation and nano-scratch, respectively. Water contact angles were measured by sessile drop method. With the increase of the CF₄ flux, fluorine content was gradually increased to the film. Raman spectra indicates that these films have a diamond-like structure. The addition of fluorine to diamond-like carbon films had a critical influence on the film properties. The film surface becomes more smoother due to the etching behavior of F⁺. Hardness was significantly reduced, while the scratch resistance results show that these films have a fairly good adhesion to the substrate. Evident improvements of the hydrophobicity have been made to these films, with contact angles of double-stilled water approaching that of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Our study suggests that broad application regions of the fluorine-doped amorphous carbon films with diamond-like structure, synthesized by PIII–D, can be extended by combining the non-wetting properties and mechanical properties which are far superior to those of PTFE.     

Fe纳米颗粒嵌埋对类金刚石薄膜结构及电学性能的影响

 采用脉冲激光气相沉积方法制备了不同Fe嵌埋浓度的Fe: DLC多层纳米复合薄膜。用X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对薄膜的组成成分进行分析。利用透射电子显微镜（TEM）、拉曼光谱、电流-电压曲线研究Fe纳米颗粒嵌埋对薄膜的微观结构及电学性能的影响。XPS和TEM表明,Fe纳米颗粒周期性地均匀地嵌埋在碳薄膜中。拉曼光谱表明薄膜中的C为典型的类金刚石结构,Fe纳米颗粒促进芳香环式结构的形成,薄膜结构的有序度提高。电流 电压曲线表明,Fe纳米颗粒的嵌埋导致薄膜的室温电导率增加。     

The microscope structures of amorphous phosphorus

The microscopic structures of thin films of amorphous phosphorus have been investigated by Raman scattering. The thin films were deposited by vacuum evaporation at substrate temperatures T_s between 300 and 510K. The Raman spectra of the films were compared with vibrational spectra of different allotropes of phosphorus: orthohombic black P, bulk amorphous red P and Hittorf's P. The structure of the films with T_s ? 300K is built up of double layers similar to those of orthorhombic black P. For T_s?510K the thin films have a structure similar to bulk amorphous red P based on the pentagonal tubes of Hittorf's P. A continuous transformation from one structure to the other is indicated by the Raman spectra of the films at intermediate T_s. The Raman measurements support early determinations of the structures of amorphous phosphorus inferred from radial distribution functions.