面向智慧城市的物联网基础设施关键技术研究

智慧城市是利用物联网等新一代信息技术实现城市智慧运行和管理的新型城市形态,是信息技术与城市发展深度融合的产物。针对当前智慧城市因碎片化、烟囱式发展模式而面临的重复建设严重、跨域资源难以共享与联动协同等突出问题,从资源汇聚和促进城市应用互联互通互操作的角度,定义了城市物联网基础设施的概念内涵,提出城市物联网基础设施是一个涵盖“网络 平台 服务”的综合体,分析总结了国内外政府与企业在城市物联网基础设施尤其是物联网平台方面的发展现状,在此基础上,研究提出了为实现城市物联资源泛在接入、网络融合、资源管理和智能服务等核心功能亟需突破的关键技术,最后给出了推动城市物联网基础设施快速发展的意见和建议。     

基于无线自组织物联网的智能语音预警系统设计方法

智音物联网技术的普及应用,推动了智能安防的发展,使得智能安防体系由简单的安全防护向综合化、系统化、人性化演变;首先重点研究了智音物联网并分析了国内外灾害预警系统的现状,设计了基于无线自组织网络的智能语音灾害预警系统,该系统解决了传统灾害预警发布信息时的弊端,改善了灾害预警系统的交互体验,初步实现了灾害预警系统的“智能化”;最后对智能语音灾害预警系统的整体运行效果进行了观察验证,并通过实验测试了预警系统各个模块的性能,得到了客观的测试数据。     

光通信技术在物联网中的应用

介绍了物联网的定义及结构;从感知层和网络层角度,探讨了光通信技术(光纤通信和无线通信)在物联网中的应用现状和前景.光纤通信、近距离无线通信、移动通信是物联网开发的基础,制定物联网各个层面上统一的、标准化协议和技术标准是物联网未来发展必须解决的关键和难点.     

基于STM32F407的以太网通信模块设计

物联网的大规模形成和高速发展,使得基于以太网通信的嵌入式系统开发成为物联网应用的一个实际课题。本论文设计了一种以STM32F407作为主处理器的以太网通信模块;利用32位闪存微控制器STM32F407与以太网模块CH395实现串口通信;采用CH395控制芯片内置的TCP/IP协议栈与上位机LabVIEW客户端建立数据通信,并实时发送测试数据进行实验研究。实测结果表明：基于STM32F407的以太网通信嵌入式系统工作稳定,数据传输可靠,能够满足系统设计需求。     

水下目标光电探测技术及其进展

 随着电子技术、激光技术和信号处理技术的发展,光电探测技术应用于水下目标探测方面的研究重新成为热点。介绍了距离选通、激光线扫描、条纹管成像、载波调制、布里渊散射、偏振差分成像技术的原理、特点以及国内外发展现状,重点分析和比较了国内外已有水下目标光电探测系统的性能水平和应用前景,指出水下目标光电探测技术的最新进展以及发展趋势。     

一门倍受关注的高新技术——物联网技术

简明地介绍了物联网概念、应用的基本模式及其在我国的应用和发展.     

一种云平台智能家居系统设计与实现

随着信息技术和物联网技术的快速发展,人们不断提 高物质生活的需求,努力寻找安全、舒适、的生活方式;主要研究了基于物联网技术的智能家居系统,首先在系统硬件方面,利用了GPRS模块作为远程人机交互手段,接收和发送信息,利用器件组成ZigBee网络实现短距离的无线网络通信,并详细给出了各硬件模块的功能和实现方法;在系统软件设计方面,利用AT指令编写程序,利用单片机实现了对家用电器的控制;在智能家居控制系统中应用了星型网的网络拓扑,通过ZigBee网实现了节点之间无线通信;最后通过实例进行验证,整个系统实现防盗报警自动化、远程家电控制、灯光控制、居家场景控制及家居控制等功能,达到使我们的生活更加的安全、便捷。     

高功率皮秒紫外激光器新进展

高功率皮秒紫外激光器在高精密加工、激光医疗、光电对抗和光伏产业等领域有重要应用,近年来成为固体激光新光源研究热点。本文对国内外基于和频技术的高功率皮秒紫外激光器研究新进展进行了归纳和总结。首先,阐述了和频工作原理,介绍了和频产生皮秒紫外激光的非线性晶体;然后,介绍了国内外高功率皮秒紫外激光器的新进展,包括:高功率皮秒紫外激光器、高峰值功率皮秒紫外激光器、高功率和高峰值功率皮秒紫外激光器。最后,展望了高功率皮秒紫外激光器的进一步发展及应用。归纳和总结表明:高功率皮秒紫外激光器在国外较成熟,国内在该领域的研究刚刚起步。光子晶体光纤和碟片激光器输出基频光的皮秒紫外激光器有突出的优势,已成为皮秒紫外激光产业的主力军。     

电阻型超导限流器研发现状及所面临的技术瓶颈

我国短路电流超标问题日益严重,对新型限流技术的需求迫切。电阻型超导限流器因其结构简单、自动触发、限流效果明显、技术上相对容易实现等独特的优势,在高电压等级的输电网具有广阔的应用前景,成为目前国内外新型限流技术研究的热点。主要介绍了电阻型超导限流器的发展背景、基本原理及国内外研究现状,并总结了电阻型限流器所面临的技术瓶颈与难题。     

陶瓷物流装备物联网智能终端开发与应用

长期以来我国陶瓷产业仍以手工为主,工业化、自动化、信息化程度较低。本文力图在陶瓷物流领域,结合物联网概念和技术,提出打造“陶瓷物流装备物联网”的理念,本文阐述了陶瓷物流装备物联网的整体构想、应用前景等,并且有针对性地阐述了打造该物联网所需要解决的关键技术,并提出陶瓷二维码花纸底款、智能I-Box物联网终端等解决方案,取得了一定的前期开发与应用成果,为今后进一步打造围绕陶瓷生产全过程的物联网建设做了有益的探索。     

Integrated wireless communications and wireless power transfer: An overview

As an important application of the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems, Internet of Things (IoT) has attracted worldwide research interests. Since most of the communication devices in IoT are powered by batteries, these devices always have limited operation time. Wireless power transfer (WPT) technology, which can transfer power over a wireless medium (without any wires), can avoid the need to manually replace or recharge the batteries of the wireless devices in IoT. For electromagnetic (EM) radiation-based WPT, since radio-frequency (RF) signals that transport energy can at the same time be used for wireless communications, integrated wireless communications and WPT becomes a new research area which has attracted great research interests. In this paper, we first introduce two main research paradigms for integrated wireless communications and WPT, i.e., simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) and wireless-powered communication network (WPCN). Then we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art of both SWIPT and WPCN, respectively. Finally, we point out the new and challenging future research direction.     

中国半导体照明发展综述

半导体照明是21世纪初兴起的产业,也是我国第三代半导体材料成功产业化的第一个突破口,技术发展日新月异,是国际高科技领域竞争的焦点之一。目前,我国半导体照明产业已经形成了完整的产业链,功率白光LED、硅基LED和全光谱LED等核心技术同步国际,紫外LED、可见光通讯、农业光照和光医疗等创新应用走在世界前列。介绍了我国在半导体照明方面的研究进展,回顾了相关产业的发展情况,并对未来进行了展望。     

Standardisation of electrostatic test methods and electrostatic discharge prevention measures for the world market

With the development of world markets and large organisations working with sites in many continents, the need has grown for international standards in electrostatic test methods and Electrostatic discharge (ESD) prevention measures. Progress in world standards developed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Technical Committee 101 (Electrostatics) has so far been mainly driven by the needs of the electronics industry, but has also laid down basic materials test methods, test methods for specific applications, and requirements for protection of electronic devices from electrostatic damage. Much of the work done in this area has its roots in test methods developed by the ESD Association in the US. More recently, work on test methods for electrostatic ignition hazards avoidance, for example in Intermediate bulk containers (IBCs), has commenced. Meanwhile the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC) has been active issuing a code of practice for avoidance of electrostatic hazards, as well as various test methods. Much of this is driven by the need for standards to address compliance with European Directives. This paper examines some areas in which new test methods are needed or are currently being developed by IEC TC101 for the world market.     

激光等离子体13.5 nm极紫外光刻光源进展

半导体产业是高科技、信息化时代的支柱。光刻技术,作为半导体产业的核心技术之一,已成为世界各国科研人员的重点研究对象。本文综述了激光等离子体13.5 nm极紫外光刻的原理和国内外研究发展概况,重点介绍了其激光源、辐射靶材和多层膜反射镜等关键系统组成部分。同时,指出了在提高激光等离子体13.5 nm极紫外光源输出功率的研究进程中所存在的主要问题,包括提高转换效率和减少光源碎屑。特别分析了目前已实现百瓦级输出的日本Gigaphoton公司和荷兰的ASML公司的极紫外光源装置。最后对该项技术的发展前景进行了总结与展望。     

隧穿磁阻传感器研究进展

传感器作为物联网技术的基石,在人们的生产生活中发挥着重大作用.其中,基于隧穿磁阻效应(tunneling magnetoresistance, TMR)的磁传感器具有灵敏度高、尺寸小、功耗低等优点,在导航定位、生物医学、电流检测和无损检测等领域具有极大的应用前景.本综述以TMR传感器技术路线的发展为核心,囊括了从基本传感单元到三维空间磁场检测,再到实际应用的多个研究重点.首先,介绍了TMR传感器发展历程并阐明其基本工作原理,讨论了提高单个传感单元磁隧道结输出线性度的方法.接下来,详细介绍了传感器的重要电路结构—惠斯通电桥,以及制备TMR全桥结构的多种工艺方法.进一步,从三维空间磁场检测这一市场需求入手,深入讨论了基于TMR传感器的三维传感结构的设计和制备方法.同时,以传感器灵敏度和噪声水平这两大基本性能为切入点,列举了TMR传感器性能的优化方案.最后,本文对TMR传感器的应用展开了详细介绍,以自旋麦克风,生物传感器两个新兴应用为例,对TMR传感器未来在物联网中的发展和应用进行了展望.     

Trend of laser research developments in global level

An up-to-date progress of the international laser research and development is given in this article. The number of scientific publications and filed patents are considered as a figure of merit and based on these numbers the growth pace and important aspects are investigated. We have used the Science Finder Scholar search engine, which indexes more than 4000 journals, in different languages, and represents most significant published materials in laser science and engineering. The growth of the laser and related fields are described in terms of resulting scientific publications for the period of 1990–2003. The share of top nations in scientific publications, and in particular laser publications in terms of their gross domestic product (GDP) is presented. It is noted that the four countries including the USA, Japan, Germany and China have a laser publication contribution of 58.9% while the rest of the world including 189 countries contribute 41.1%. However, for the case of patent, which is a more important factor, these four countries hold a share of 90.1% while the remaining nations have a small share of 9.9%. The USA heads all the nations in the number of scientific publications, citations, and laser publications, however, in terms of accepted laser patents Japan shows a big lead. Scientific scopes of the laser systems are presented and some requirements to be met in each field are described. The key points in this field of research, which might be helpful in the future development of the laser technology are discussed.     

磁悬浮储能飞轮系统研究进展

介绍了飞轮的基本结构 ,阐述了飞轮磁悬浮轴承的原理和特性 ,描述了国内外飞轮储能技术的研究开发现状 ;还简要介绍了该技术国内外的发展难点及今后的发展方向     

Prioritizing the multi-criterial features based on comparative approaches for enhancing security of IoT devices

The Internet of Things (IoT) technologies continuously expand with time due to the advances in automated, connected device technology, mobility, and wide access to information. IoT is the collection of many linked devices due to their unique features, such as scalability, maintainability, fault tolerance, reliability, accuracy, and much more. With the growing number of hybrid devices in large organizations, security and privacy concerns are becoming more challenging. Security is essential for protecting the hardware, network aspects of devices, and information access from unauthorized entities. Most of the security methods and procedures provided by researchers are based on existing Internet security practices. The top-ranking authentication feature categories included the most compatible and common authentication feature for all types of IoT-based devices as an elementary security requirement for protection from unauthorized access. The future challenge is to address the incompatibility of the authentication feature with IoT devices based on appropriate technologies. AI and machine learning are also implementable in order to detect the vulnerability of IoT devices and inform the concerned operator or administration for protection. This research highlights the authentication feature of IoT devices from literature studies and evaluates the significant feature using COPRAS approach to assist organization in enhancing security of IoT devices.     

近红外光谱技术检测植物木质素纤维素研究进展

近红外光谱技术可用来检测植物木质素、纤维素及半纤维素含量,与传统的湿化学方法相比具有快速、操作简单、准确、无损等优点,是一种新型的测定方法,近年来在检测木本植物及草本植物木质纤维素组成成分中被广泛应用。综述了国内外利用近红外光谱技术快速检测木本植物(用作造纸原料的木材、竹材以及潜在的可用作生物质能源的木材)及草本植物(饲草及草类能源植物)木质素、纤维素、半纤维素含量的研究进展,并从样品前处理、光谱预处理及波长选取方法、化学计量学方法三个方面对利用近红外光谱技术快速检测植物木质素、纤维素方法研究上的进展进行了总结,并结合国内木材、牧草及能源草行业发展现状提出了四点展望: 建立适用性更强的模型;建立全面的草产品品质指标近红外光谱数据库;建立能源植物能用品质指标相关模型并对建模方法进行进一步的探索和完善;推动应用近红外光谱技术检测植物木质纤维素的方法从实验阶段走向实际应用。随着对近红外光谱检测植物木质纤维素方法的不断成熟和完善,它必将对造纸、饲草及能源草行业的发展产生巨大的推动作用。     

Trend of international collaboration in three decades: A case study of Taiwan

This study analyzes the trend of international co-authorship in Taiwan’s academic research output. From 1985 to 2015, a two-slope increase is observed. International collaborated publications continue to increase; while domestic publications reach a saturation point. Distribution patterns over different countries and different research areas are analyzed. The patterns conform to global distribution as time evolves. A new indicator of international collaboration is proposed to measure this conformity.