溶剂对镍连二硫烯与乙烯反应的影响

用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平上计算得到了镍连二硫烯与乙烯反应的势能面上各驻点(反应物、中间体、产物和两个过渡态)的分子几何构型、电荷分布和一些热力学参数等，研究了溶剂对镍连二硫烯与乙烯反应的影响.结果发现，随着溶剂极性的增强，乙烯和镍连二硫烯之间的成键作用增强，两个过渡态的前线轨道能量差增大，而产物和中间体的前线轨道能量差却减小，同时各驻点的溶剂稳定化能也减小.进一步，这表明溶剂极性增强能提高产物的稳定性，有利于反应的进行.此外，当溶剂相对介电常数1.00≤ε≤7.58时     

溶剂对镍连二硫烯与乙烯反应的影响

用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平上计算得到了镍连二硫烯与乙烯反应的势能面上各驻点(反应物、中间体、产物和两个过渡态)的分子几何构型、电荷分布和一些热力学参数等,研究了溶剂对镍连二硫烯与乙烯反应的影响.结果发现,随着溶剂极性的增强,乙烯和镍连二硫烯之间的成键作用增强,两个过渡态的前线轨道能量差增大,而产物和中间体的前线轨道能量差却减小,同时各驻点的溶剂稳定化能也减小.进一步,这表明溶剂极性增强能提高产物的稳定性,有利于反应的进行.此外,当溶剂相对介电常数1.00≤ε≤7.58时 关键词： 镍连二硫烯 乙烯 溶剂效应 密度泛函理论     

自由基聚合中二硫酯结构及其活性的研究

用密度泛函方法,在B3LYP/6-31G+(d)水平上对三种二硫酯化合物进行了几何构型全优化. 计算了C-S键离解能以及对于自由基的原子自旋密度,并且探讨了它们与化合物活性之间的关系, 分析的结论与实验结论完全一致。同时结论也表明密度泛函理论计算能为C-S键离解能,原子自旋密度变化趋势提供一个很好的预测。     

自由基聚合中二硫酯结构及其活性的研究

用密度泛函方法,在B3LYP/6-31G+(d)水平上对三种二硫酯化合物进行了几何构型全优化.计算了C-S键离解能以及对于自由基的原子自旋密度,并且探讨了它们与化合物活性之间的关系,分析的结论与实验结论完全一致.同时结论也表明密度泛函理论计算能为C—S键离解能,原子自旋密度变化趋势提供一个很好的预测.     

基于密度泛函理论的DBDS与DBS对铜绕组腐蚀性能对比研究

二苄基二硫醚(DBDS)与二苄基硫醚(DBS)是变压器内部主要腐蚀性硫化物,能腐蚀铜绕组,破坏变压器的安全运行.为从微观层面探究两者腐蚀性能的差异,基于密度泛函理论(DFT)对DBDS与DBS的腐蚀性能进行对比研究.计算了DBDS/Cu(110)吸附模型与DBS/Cu(110)吸附模型的功函变化,发现DBDS/Cu(110)的功函变化ΔΦ_1(-0.388 eV)绝对值要小于DBS/Cu(110)功函变化ΔΦ_2(-1.118 eV)绝对值,说明DBS更易吸附Cu(110)表面;DBDS在Cu(110)表面的吸附能E_(ads1)为8.571 eV,DBS在Cu(110)表面吸附能E_(ads2)为6.077 eV,表明两者都不能自发吸附,需要从外界吸热才能吸附,且DBS从外界获取能量更少,更容易吸附.同时比较了DBDS分子与DBS分子前线轨道分布以及HOMO轨道与LUMO轨道能量差,计算了DBDS分子与DBS分子的电负性,结果表明:DBDS电负性大小为3.132 eV,DBS电负性大小为3.100 eV,两者基本相等.而DBDS前线轨道能量差(2.610 eV)明显小于DBS前线轨道能量差(3.610 eV), DBDS优化前后的S-S键长分别为2.033?和3.057?,说明DBDS更容易与Cu发生反应.以上模拟结果说明,DBS更易吸附于Cu,而DBDS更易与Cu发生反应.     

1,1-二氨基二硝基乙烯晶体的密度泛函理论研究

对 1,1 二氨基二硝基乙烯晶体进行了DFT B3LYP水平计算 .计算所得晶格能为 -10 5 .81kJ/mol,与文献值相近 .晶体的前线能带较为平坦 ,表明分子轨道能态受分子晶体场的影响较小 .电荷的分布决定了晶体中DADNE以“头 尾”方式通过分子间氢键相连形成层状结构 ,而层与层之间相互作用较弱 .从带隙 4.0eV推知DADNE的导电性介于半导体和绝缘体之间 .前线轨道由C -NO2 的原子轨道所组成 ,说明分子的强共轭性 ,也表明C -NO2 为化学反应活性部位 .C -NO2 键的布居数远小于其它键 ,提示该键为起爆引发键     

非晶态半导体的缺陷态化学键的量子化学研究

用量子化学的半经验自洽场分子轨道方法CNDO/2研究硫属玻璃中的各种缺陷态,包括带正电荷、负电荷和中性的三配位硫原子簇的化学键。从原子簇能量、原子净电荷、键级函数(双原子能量)等方面作了比较,取得了与Kastner相一致的结果,验证了K-A-F的换价对(VAP)理论。探讨了孤对电子对于缺陷态化学键的影响,证实了孤对电子在硫属玻璃中的重要作用。 关键词：     

分子和金表面相互作用的第一性原理研究

硫氢官能团可以很强地吸附于金表面上,从而可作为连接体用于纳米电子学中的分子器件.从第一性原理出发利用密度泛函理论研究了4,4′二巯基联苯分子和金表面的相互作用,并利用了前线轨道理论和微扰理论定量地确定了该相互作用能常数.计算结果表明,当含有硫氢官能团的有机分子化学吸附于金表面时,硫原子将与金原子形成以共价键为主的混和键,此时一些分子轨道扩展于金原子和有机分子中,这些轨道为分子结中电子的输运提供了通道,从而可使分子线的电导呈现出欧姆特性.而其他分子轨道具有局域性,此时电子的输运只能通过隧道效应来实现. 关键词： 化学吸附 分子线 分子电子学     

六元杂环分子电学特性的理论研究

在第一性原理基础上，利用弹性散射格林函数方法，研究了六元杂环分子结2,5-哒嗪二硫酚 、2,5-吡嗪二硫酚和2,5-嘧啶二硫酚的电子输运特性，分析了终端原子的选取对杂环分子吡 啶电学特性的影响. 利用分子前线轨道理论和微扰方法定量地确定了分子与金属的相互作用 能参数. 计算结果表明，2,5-哒嗪二硫酚具有较好的电学特性，而2,5-嘧啶二硫酚在外加电 压较低时电导值比较小. 对于吡啶分子，选取硒原子作为终端原子时，其导电特性优于分别 以氧原子和硫原子作为终端原子的情况. 关键词： 六元杂环分子 伏安特性 电子输运 分子电子学     

柚皮苷二氢查尔酮抗氧化活性的构效关系研究

采用DPPH自由基清除实验和Materials Studio软件中的DmoL~3程序对柚皮苷二氢查尔酮的DPPH自由基清除率、几何结构和性质(振动频率、反应活性及热力学性质)进行了理论研究,得到了分子的抗氧化活性数据、稳定几何构型、各原子上的电荷分布、热力学性质、Fukui指数和前线分子轨道参数,计算结果表明柚皮苷二氢查尔酮具有较高的反应活性,分子中酚羟基上的氧原子是影响其反应活性的主要部位,也是发生亲电反应的活性位点,表现出较强的抗氧化性,当柚皮苷二氢查尔酮浓度为0.3mg·mL~(-1)时,DPPH自由基清除率达到86.49%.     

Density functional theory (DFT) study of a new novel bionanosensor hybrid; tryptophan/Pd doped single walled carbon nanotube

In order to explore a new novel l-amino acid/transition metal doped single walled carbon nanotube based biosensor, density functional theory calculations were studied. These hybrid structures of organic-inorganic nanobiosensors are able to detect the smallest amino acid building block of proteins. The configurations of amine and carbonyl group coordination of tryptophan aromatic amino acid adsorbed on Pd/doped single walled carbon nanotube were compared. The frontier molecular orbital theory, quantum theory atom in molecule and natural bond orbital analysis were performed. The molecular electrostatic potential and the electron density surfaces were constructed. The calculations indicated that the Pd/SWCNT was sensitive to tryptophan suggesting the importance of interaction with biological molecule and potential detecting application. The proposed nanobiosensor represents a highly sensitive detection of protein at ultra-low concentration in diagnosis applications.     

分子和金表面相互作用的第一性原理研究

从第一性原理出发利用密度泛函理论研究了 4 ,4′ 二巯基联苯分子和金表面的相互作用 ,并利用了前线轨道理论和微扰理论定量地确定了该相互作用能常数. By using density functional theory, we have investigated the interaction between a thiol-phenyl molecule (4-4′-dimercaptodibenzene) and a gold surface. The frontier orbit theory and the perturbation theory are also employed to determine quantitatively the constant of interaction energy. The results show that the bonding between the sulfur atom and the gold atoms corresponds mainly to the covalent bond and some molecular orbits are extended over the molecule and gold cluster which certainly give channels...     

碳纳米管吸附铜原子的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函方法对铜原子在有限长（5,5）椅型单壁碳纳米管的吸附行为进行了研究.计算结果表明,铜原子吸附在管外壁要比吸附在管内壁能量上更为有利,在管外壁碳原子顶位吸附最佳,属于明显的化学吸附.且用前线轨道理论对其成键特性进行了分析,表明在顶位吸附时主要由铜原子的4s轨道电子与碳纳米管中耦合的σ-π键形成新的σ键.此外还对比计算了两种典型位置电子密度,发现顶位吸附的成键中有更大的电子云重叠.进一步表明在某些情况下铜碳原子可以成键. 关键词： 碳纳米管 铜原子 成键特性     

洁净和氧吸附的Cu(100)表面重构的理论研究

在密度泛函理论下,计算了清洁和吸附氧原子的Cu(100)表面的驰豫和优势吸附构型。结果表明,氧原子在金属表面采用四重穴位时,具有最大的结合能,顶位吸附时结合能最小,桥位吸附时结合能居间。这一计算结果与实验报道一致。各种密度泛函方法的比较后,发现采用mPW1PW91密度泛函和LanL2dz赝势基组,能够准确给出与实验相符的计算结果。平板模型计算的分态密度图显示,在吸附过程中出现d轨道向Fermi能级移动并越过Fermi能级,而O原子的p轨道能级远离Fermi能级,表明有电子从铜原子的d轨道转移到氧原子的2p轨道,簇模型和平板模型的布居分析显示表面氧带有约0.65～0.7 e的负电荷。研究表明,采用适当的基组和泛函方法,即使采用簇模型来模拟表面,也可以获得与实验比较吻合的计算结果。     

分子线电子输运特性的第一性原理研究

从第一性原理出发 ,利用密度泛函理论研究了SH -C8H16-SH分子和金表面的相互作用 ,并利用分子前线轨道理论和微扰理论定量地确定了该相互作用能常数 ,然后 ,利用弹性散射格林函数方法研究了该分子与金表面形成的分子线的伏 安特性 .研究结果表明 ,当含有硫氢官能团的有机分子化学吸附于金表面时 ,硫原子将与金原子形成以共价键为主的混和键 ,此时 ,扩展的分子轨道使分子线的电导呈现出欧姆特性 ,而对于局域的分子轨道 ,电子的输运只能通过隧道效应来实现 .对分子线伏 安特性的计算结果显示 ,在零偏压附近 ,存在一个电流禁区 ,随着偏压的增加 ,分子线的电导呈现出平台特征 .     

并五苯分子光谱和激发态的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论对并五苯分子做理论研究.在几何结构优化的基础上,对其进行频率分析得到了分子的红外光谱和喇曼光谱,并对谱线中的各峰值做了具体指认,同时也得到了分子的最高占据轨道和最低空轨道能隙为2.17 eV.利用含时密度泛函理论对其激发态计算,得到最低十个跃迁允许的单激发态.对前线分子轨道最高占据轨道和最低空轨道分析得到,C-C原子之间形成离域π键.结果表明：并五苯是一种良好的有机半导体材料,并具有很好的发光性能.     

First-principle studies of I-V properties of a molecular wire

The elastic scattering Green function method has been developed to describe the I-V characteristics of molecular wires. The molecular electronic structure and the interaction between the molecule and the gold surface are two key factors for the charge transport properties of molecular wires in the formulas. An ab initio calculation at the hybrid density functional theory level is carried out to obtain the electronic structure of 4-4′-dimercaptodibenzene molecule. The frontier orbit theory and the perturbation theory are employed to determine the constant of the interaction energy between molecule and surface quantitatively. The numerical results show that the bonding between the sulfur atom and the gold atoms corresponds mainly to the covalent bond. Some molecular orbits are extended over molecule and gold cluster that certainly give channels for the charge transport, other molecular orbits are localized and the charge transport can take place by tunnel mechanism. At zero bias region, there exists a current gap. With the increasing bias, the conductance of the wire takes a shape of plateaus.     

First-principle studies of I–V properties of a molecular wire

The elastic scattering Green function method has been developed to describe the I–V characteristics of molecular wires. The molecular electronic structure and the interaction between the molecule and the gold surface are two key factors for the charge transport properties of molecular wires in the formulas. Anab initio calculation at the hybrid density functional theory level is carried out to obtain the electronic structure of 4-4′-dimercaptodibenzene molecule. The frontier orbit theory and the perturbation theory are employed to determine the constant of the interaction energy between molecule and surface quantitatively. The numerical results show that the bonding between the sulfur atom and the gold atoms corresponds mainly to the covalent bond. Some molecular orbits are extended over molecule and gold cluster that certainly give channels for the charge transport, other molecular orbits are localized and the charge transport can take place by tunnel mechanism. At zero bias region, there exists a current gap. With the increasing bias, the conductance of the wire takes a shape of plateaus.     

Abnormal adsorption behavior of dimethyl disulfide on gold surfaces

Adsorption of dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) on gold colloidal nanoparticle surfaces has been examined to check its binding mechanism. Differently from previous results, DMDS molecules adsorbed on the gold surface at high concentration showed the S–S stretching band at 500 cm⁻¹ in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra, which indicates the presence of intact adsorption of DMDS molecules. However, it was found that the S–S bond of disulfides was easily cleaved on the gold surface at low concentration. These behaviors were not observed for diethyl disulfide (DEDS) or diphenyl disulfide (DPDS). Our results indicate that DMDS molecules with the shortest alkyl chains on the gold surface can be inserted into self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) without the S–S bond cleavage during self-assembly due to insufficient lateral van der Waals interaction and the low adsorption activity of disulfides, whereas DEDS with longer alkyl chains or DPDS with the weak disulfide bond dissociation energy would not. These unusual DMDS adsorption behaviors were examined by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). We also compared the bonding dissociation energy of the S–S bonds of various disulfides by means of a density functional theory (DFT) calculation.     

Electronic properties of a zinc oxide nanotube under uniaxial tensile strain: a density functional theory study

In this article, density functional theory calculations were employed to investigate the electronic properties of (4,4) armchair zinc oxide single-walled nanotubes (ZNONTs) under uniaxial mechanical deformations. It was found that the highest-occupied molecular orbital and the lowest-unoccupied molecular orbital gap and the value of radial buckling will both decrease linearly with the increase of axial strain. The elongation of the ZNONT mainly originates from the decrease and increase of two characteristic bond angles rather than Zn–O ionic bond elongation. This mechanical behavior is very different from the uniaxial tensional processes of carbon nanotubes and silicon carbide nanotubes formed by covalent bonds. The partial densities of states of the Zn atom and O atom show that the unoccupied states are gradually left-shifted as ZNONT elongates from 0 to 15%. Neither Mulliken charge nor deformation density clearly changes with the different tension strains. Bond order analysis also indicates the bonding strength will decrease as the strain increases from 0 to 15%.