阻挫诱导的亚铁磁性Heisenberg系统中的量子相变

利用密度矩阵重整化群(DMRG)方法研究磁性阻挫对一种S=1/2准一维反铁磁自旋链但却具有亚铁磁性的Heisenberg系统基态的影响.计算了单个晶胞的基态能、自旋关联函数以及自旋能隙.研究表明这种Heisenberg自旋系统的基态随着阻挫α的增强将从磁有序相变化到自旋无序相，并且伴随着自旋能隙的出现，量子相变点为α≈0.412.同时线形链上格点间自旋长程关联值的计算结果表明在磁有序区间体系的磁有序性质随着α的增强而减弱，阻挫在0≤α<     

阻挫对准一维非对称子格反铁磁链自旋波激发的影响

子格对称性破缺使得s=1/2准一维海森伯自旋链具有三支自旋波激发谱(其中一支属于声学模，两支属于光学模). 计算表明：阻挫导致两支光学模能隙简并解除；阻挫引起声学模自旋波激发谱软化，但并不导致光学模激发谱软化；阻挫导致两支光学模激发谱中的一支明显下移，这意味着阻挫使光学模激发变得重要且容易实现；阻挫引起的自旋偏离对于属于不同子格的自旋是不同的；阻挫对于系统基态磁性长程序的削弱随着阻挫增强变得越来越明显. 通过与严格对角化方法和DMRG方法的数值结果比较，还分析了自旋波近似的合理性和不足之处. 关键词： 准一维反铁磁自旋系统 自旋波激发 光学模 能隙简并     

一维自旋轨道模型中自旋-轨道能隙产生机理分析

讨论考虑洪特耦合的两带赫伯德模型得到的一维自旋轨道模型中自旋-轨道能隙的产生.运用SU(4)赝费米子表象下的平均场理论,计算求得价键序参数、准粒子激发谱能隙和自旋、轨道密度-密度关联函数随系统耦合参数变化的结果.随洪特耦合相互作用由零开始增强,系统激发谱能隙逐渐打开,并且系统在参数取值为J₁/J₂=1/3处由具有阻错的无序状态相变到自旋铁磁有序和轨道反铁磁有序的状态.     

阻挫三角反铁磁AgCrO2螺旋自旋序的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论的广义梯度近似(GGA)和投影缀加波(PAW)方法,分别从共线和非共线磁性结构出发,研究了自旋阻挫三角反铁磁AgCrO₂的基态、磁性以及电子结构,从理论计算的角度给出了基态磁性结构.计算结果表明:AgCrO₂具有120°螺旋自旋序反铁磁基态,其自旋螺旋面平行于(110)面或(11^-0)面;由于Cr离子间的自旋几何阻挫,导致沿晶体的a,b和a+b方向上均形成了螺旋自旋转动角为120°的 关键词： 第一性原理 交换相互作用 阻挫 反铁磁     

混合自旋反铁磁材料Y2BaNiO5的磁学和热力学性质

在格林函数的理论框架下，采用一维自旋为1的各向异性Heisenberg模型来讨论Y₂BaNiO₅材料的磁学和热力学性质.得到了它的自旋关联函数、低激发谱、基态能(E_g)、比热(C)和静态磁化率(χ)在不同交换各向异性因子下的性质，所得结果与实验和数值模拟结果完全一致. 关键词： Heisenberg模型 格林函数理论 Haldane能隙 反铁磁长程序     

一维钻石链反铁磁Ising模型磁化的模拟

采用Monte Carlo模拟方法对自旋为1/2的一维钻石链反铁磁Ising系统的磁化行为进行研究.在这个系统中,反铁磁的交换作用和三角结构导致存在自旋阻挫.重点研究不同的反铁磁自旋交换作用对系统磁行为和自旋构型的影响.模拟磁化曲线中M=M_S/3磁化平台,得到平台宽度随不同的自旋交换相互作用强弱的变化关系,以及出现磁化平台时格点的自旋构型;给出亚稳态存在的条件及亚稳态时的微观构型.研究磁滞回线随温度的变化关系.结果表明,随着温度的升高,磁滞回线逐渐减小,最终消失.     

一维扩展t-J模型中密度-自旋相互作用诱导的相分离

t-J模型是研究高温超导电性的重要理论模型之一. 最近的冷分子实验表明可用极性分子模拟t-J模型. 实验模拟的t-J模型除了引进长程的偶极相互作用外, 还引进了密度-自旋相互作用. 本文使用密度矩阵重整化群方法研究了密度-自旋相互作用对一维t-J 模型基态性质的影响. 选取了t-J模型基态相图中不同相区的三个点, 计算了不同密度-自旋相互作用强度下的粒子数和自旋的实空间分布,以及密度-密度关联函数和自旋-自旋关联函数与相应的结构因子. 计算结果表明, 密度-自旋相互作用强度较弱时, 对系统的性质不会产生定性影响;当其强度足够大时, 系统会进入相分离, 该相分离与传统t-J模型的相分离有很大区别.     

反对称Spin-1/2阻挫钻石链的基态和磁化行为研究

对含有次近邻节点自旋交换耦合的自旋-1/2伊辛-海森伯钻石链体系进行了研究,利用矩阵对角化和传递矩阵方法对基态磁相和宏观热力学量进行了严格求解,重点探讨了所有交换耦合均为反铁磁耦合时,体系节点伊辛自旋间次近邻相互作用的影响.研究结果表明次近邻节点伊辛自旋存在反铁磁耦合时会增强系统的阻挫效应,引入破坏平移对称性的经典亚铁磁相,使基态呈现出上上上下上上的自旋构型以及磁化曲线新颖的2/3磁化平台,丰富了体系的基态相图和宏观磁性行为.     

La0.3Ca0.7Mn1－xVxO3体系的有序相和再入型自旋玻璃行为研究

通过对La_0.3Ca_0.7Mn_1－xV_xO₃(x=0.05,0.10,0.134,0.20)体系的M-T曲线、ρ-T曲线、ESR谱的测量,研究了Mn位掺V对La_0.3Ca_0.7MnO₃体系电荷序和自旋序的影响.结果表明,当0.05≤x≤0.134时, 体系存在电荷有序(CO)相,其自旋序随温度降低发生顺磁(PM)-电荷有序(CO)-反铁磁(AFM)变化.当x＝0.20时,CO相逐步融化,在40 K发生自旋玻璃转变,表现出再入型的自旋玻璃行为,低温下的基态存在着多种复杂的磁相互作用之间的竞争机理. 关键词： 电荷有序 自旋序 相分离 再入型自旋玻璃行为     

磁场对一维Heisenberg链低能行为的影响

用Jordan-Wigner变换和玻色化方法研究了一维1/2自旋Heisenberg链.在外加磁场作用下,模型的Fermi速度与Fermi动量均被改变,从而玻色化过程也受到影响.对一维Heisenberg链的反铁磁相(AFM)与顺磁相(PM)分别做了讨论,得出了模型基态能及磁化与外加磁场的关系并给出了公度-非公度阈值磁场h′_cl及上阈值磁场h_c2. 关键词： Heisenberg链 磁场 强关联     

Spin Dynamics and Dirac Nodes in a Kagome Lattice

Herein, the spin dynamics for various magnetic configurations arranged on a Kagome lattice is investigated. Using a Holstein–Primakoff expansion of the isotropic Heisenberg Hamiltonian with multiple exchange parameters, the development and evolution of magnetic Dirac nodes with both anisotropy and magnetic field are examined. From the classical energies, the phase diagrams for the ferromagnetic (FM), antiferrimagnetic (AfM), and the 120°  phases are shown as functions of J₁, J₂, J₃, and anisotropy. Furthermore, the production of bosonic Dirac and Weyl nodes in the spin-wave spectra is shown. Through frustration of the magnetic geometry, a connection to the asymmetric properties of the Kagome lattice and the various antiferromagnetic configurations is discerned. Most interesting is the 120°  phase, which does not have Dirac nodes when considering only J₁ due to the formation of an analogous antiferromagnetic honeycomb lattice, but gains Dirac symmetry with next-nearest neighbor interactions. Additionally, the presence of flat modes that are characteristic of cluster excitations is shown. Further study of external frustrations from a magnetic field and anisotropy reveals a tunability of the exchange interactions and nodal points.     

Hydrostatic pressure driven spin,volume and band gap collapses in SmFeO3: a GGA + U study

The crystal structure, magnetic and electronic properties of SmFeO₃ under hydrostatic pressure have been studied by first-principles calculations within the generalized gradient approximation plus Hubbard U (GGA + U). The iso-structural phase transition with spin, volume and band gap collapses can be induced by a large enough hydrostatic pressure. The high-spin (HS) state of Fe³⁺, with the magnetic moment of ~4 μ_B, is retained at low pressure. The spin crossover occurs at a transition pressure (~68 GPa) with the magnetic moment of Fe³⁺ decreasing to ~1 μ_B in low-spin (LS) state. Meanwhile, the reductions of cell volume (by ~?5.43%) and band gap (from >2 eV to ~1.6 eV) of SmFeO₃ are obtained when the HS–LS transition happens. Finally, the critical pressure of HS–LS transition, magnetic and electronic properties are found to be Hubbard U dependent.     

Specific heat of the spin-Peierls compound CuGeO3

The specific heat of the quasi-onedimensional magnetic compound CuGeO₃ shows a sharp anomaly at the spin-Peierls transition temperatureT _sp . The experimental decrease of the magnetic specific heat belowT _sp indicates the presence of a spin gap as observed previously with inelastic neutron scattering. A magnetic field of 6T suppressesT _sp only slightly but reduces the spin gap by a factor of two.     

The magnetic properties across the martensitic transition in the Co38Ni34Al28 alloy

The magnetic properties of the Co₃₈Ni₃₄Al₂₈ alloy have been studied. The alloy exhibits a first order austenite-martensite phase transition in the temperature region between 155 and 247 K. A strain of 0.07% is produced across this phase transition. The Arrott plots obtained from the isothermal magnetic field dependence of magnetization indicate the presence of spontaneous magnetization both in the austenite and martensite phases, confirming the ferromagnetic character of the alloy up to room temperature. The temperature dependence of the high field magnetization indicates the presence of spin wave excitations, spin wave excitation gap and spin wave-spin wave interactions in the martensite phase. The magnetic anisotropy energy constant for the Co₃₈Ni₃₄Al₂₈ alloy is estimated both with the help of the standard law of approach to saturation of magnetization, and also from the field dependence of magnetization using the field for technical saturation of magnetization. The temperature dependences of these energy terms are compared. The estimated values of the magnetic anisotropy constant seem to be in agreement with the magnitude of the spin wave excitation gap estimated from the temperature dependence of high field magnetization.     

Two-Dimensional Coulomb Glass as a Model for Vortex Pinning in Superconducting Films

A glass model of vortex pinning in highly disordered thin superconducting films in magnetic fields B ≪ H_c2 at low temperatures is proposed. Strong collective pinning of a vortex system realized in disordered superconductors that are close to the quantum phase transition to the insulating phase, such as InO_x, NbN, TiN, MoGe, and nanogranular aluminum, is considered theoretically for the first time. Utilizing the replica trick developed for the spin glass theory, we demonstrate that such vortex system is in non-ergodic state of glass type with a large kinetic inductance per square L_K. The distribution function of local pinning energies is calculated, and it is shown that it possesses a wide gap; i.e., the probability to find a weakly pinned vortex is extremely low.

     

Muon spin relaxation study on magnetism in high quality single crystal of a high transition temperature superconductor La2−xSrxCuO4−σ (0.11≤x≤0.14)

The positive muon spin relaxation method is applied to probe magnetic ordering in the superconducting phase of a high quality single crystal of La_2−xSr_xCuO_4−σ (0.11≤x≤0.14). The well characterized crystal ofx=0.11 (T _c=34.5 K) with nearly complete flux exclusion exhibits spin freezing at 8K(T _f) with significant spin fluctuation up to 20 K. The onset of spin fluctuation andT _f decrease against increasingx towardsx=0.15, suggesting an existence of a magnetic phase boundary aroundx whereT _c becomes maximum.     

Electron spin resonance and quantum critical phenomena in VOx multiwall nanotubes

Basing on the high frequency (60 GHz) electron spin resonance study of the VO_x multiwall nanotubes (VO_x ‐NTs) carried out in the temperature range 4.2–200 K we report: (i) the first direct experimental evidence of the presence of the antiferromagnetic dimers in VO_x ‐NTs and (ii) the observation of an anomalous low temperature growth of the magnetic susceptibility for quasi‐free spins, which obey the power law χ (T)～1/T ^α with the exponent α ≈ 0.6 in a wide temperature range 4.2–50 K. We argue that the observed departures from the Curie–Weiss behaviour manifest the onset of the quantum critical regime and formation of the Griffiths phase as a magnetic ground state of these spin species. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Spectroscopic determination of the order parameter of coupled bilayers at =1

We report inelastic light scattering measurements of spin excitations on coupled electron bilayers with relatively large tunneling gaps at total filling factor ν_T=1. We show that the pseudospin polarization order parameter, where the pseudospin labels the occupation of symmetric and antisymmetric levels, can be determined from the energy of long wavelength spin excitations. Our experiments indicate that the order parameter in the quantum Hall ground state collapses at the incompressible–compressible phase transition. The latter is driven by decreasing the tunneling gap through the application of an in-plane magnetic field.     

Spin gap of a pressure-induced superconductor Sr2Ca12Cu24O41 at an optimum pressure of 3.8 GPa

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) on ⁶³Cu nuclei was performed in a pressure-induced superconductor Sr₂Ca₁₂Cu₂₄O₄₁ at an optimum pressure of 3.8 GPa. A pressure of 3.8 GPa was achieved by improving a piston-cylinder-type pressure cell and developing a NMR probe with a steady-load control system. We found that the spin gap still exists even at the optimum pressure. The spin gap was almost the same at pressures below 3.5 GPa on the pressure-temperature phase diagram, whereas it decreased rather drastically above 3.5 GPa.     

Electricity and Magnetism,Volume 1: Third Edition,Electricity and Magnetism,Volume 2: Third Edition,by B.I. Bleaney and B. Bleaney

During the last decade the term ‘spin glass’ has become prominent in the literature on magnetism. It refers to magnetic alloys where the spins on the impurities become locked or frozen into random orientations below a characteristic temperature T ₀. In this article the properties of spin glasses are described with particular reference to the two archetypal examples AuFe and CuMn. Interest in spin glasses was mainly stimulated by some a.c. susceptibility measurements which showed sharp, cusp-like peaks, accurately defining T ₀ and suggesting that some type of phase transition was occurring. The Mossbauer effect and the anomalous Hall effect also showed clear features at T ₀ supporting this viewpoint. But measurements of the electrical resistivity and ‘specific heat’, here usually meaning the molar heat capacity, also the remanence, magnetic hysteresis and time-dependent effects observed in spin glasses were difficult to reconcile with a phase transition approach. This article discusses the results obtained from the very wide variety of experimental techniques which have been used to investigate spin glasses, and also deals with some of the important theoretical concepts which have arisen out of these studies. Then follows a short account of the many systems which have been found to exhibit spin glass behaviour and which suggest that it is a widespread magnetic state of matter. Lastly, an example is given which shows that some of the ideas of spin glasses are applicable to problems outside the sphere of magnetic alloys.