Strong phase-controlled fiber Bragg gratings for dispersion compensation

Dispersion-compensating fiber Bragg gratings with approximately 99.9% reflectivity that are made by continuous apodization and phase control are demonstrated. These strong dispersion-compensating gratings provide precision second-order, third-order, or even more complex dispersion compensation, as well as sufficient transmission isolation to be used at add-drop stages without additional filtering. A 99.84% grating with a constant approximately 700-ps/nm dispersion and a 99.94% grating with dispersion varying linearly from 1000 to -1000 ps/nm are demonstrated.     

Conception and characterization of a dual-concentric-core erbium-doped dispersion-compensating fiber

We present an erbium-doped dispersion-compensating fiber made up of two asymmetric concentric cores, inner and outer matched claddings, and erbium located in the central core only. We demonstrate a high negative chromatic dispersion value [-700 ps/(nm km) at 1568 nm], significant modification of the gain spectrum compared with that of a classic erbium-doped fiber amplifier, and 30-dB peak small-signal gain at 1535 and 1553 nm.     

Temperature dependence of chromatic dispersion in various types of optical fiber

The temperature dependence of chromatic dispersion is examined for various types of fiber. Its coefficient is found to depend strongly on the dispersion slope. Dispersion-flattened fiber has a significantly low coefficient of -0.0005(ps/nm/km)/ degrees C , compared with -0.0038(ps/nm/km)/ degrees C for large-core nonzero dispersion-shifted fiber. Transmission lines with low dispersion slopes consisting of pure silica core fiber and dispersion-compensating fiber also exhibit low coefficients of less than -0.001(ps/nm/km)/ degrees C because of their compensating effects.     

Highly dispersive large mode area photonic bandgap fiber

An all-silica photonic bandgap fiber composed of a low-index core surrounded by alternating high- and low-index rings allows us to achieve a large mode area (500 microm(2)) and large chromatic dispersion. Sharp resonances from the even Bragg mode to odd ring modes theoretically lead to 20,000 ps/(nm km) chromatic dispersion when large bends are applied. By nature, sharp resonances are sensitive to inhomogeneities along the fiber length. Under experimental conditions, the resonances are broadened and the dispersion coefficient is decreased to 1000 ps/(nm km). However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the largest dispersion coefficient reported using a large mode area fiber.     

Tunable and Switchable Narrow Bandwidth Semiconductor-Saturable Absorber Mirror Mode-Locked Yb-Doped Fiber Laser Delivering Different Pulse Widths

The wavelength-tunable and switchable narrow bandwidth mode-locking operation is demonstrated in an all fiber laser based on semiconductor-saturable absorber mirror(SESAM).Two narrow-band fiber Bragg gratings centered at 1029.9 nm and 1032 nm respectively with a polarization controller inserted between them are used to realize the wavelength switchable between 1029.9nm and 1032 nm.The laser delivers different pulse widths of 7.5ps for 1030 nm and 20 ps for 1032 nm.The maximum output power for both could reach ~6.5mW at single pulse operation.The output wavelength could be tuned to about 0.9nm intervals ranging from 1030.2nm to 1031.1 nm and from 1032.15 nm to 1033.7nm with the temperature change of the fiber Bragg grating,respectively.     

High-performance dispersion-compensating fibers

An optimum fiber structure for a practical dispersion-compensating fiber (DCF) has been explored theoretically and experimentally, taking dispersion, attenuation, bending loss characteristics, polarization mode dispersion, and nonlinear effects into account. A high figure of merit (FOM) of 280 ps/nm/dB has been successfully achieved with a simple matched cladding design. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the optimized structure with enhanced FOM also benefits self-phase modulation (SPM) suppression.     

非零色散位移光纤的改进设计及制造

介绍了一种新颖的非零色散位移光纤结构设计方法及其MCVD+OVD制造工艺,所制备的光纤有效面积达到71 μm2以上.采用关键结构区域精确微扰方法,改进了光纤的色散特性.1550 nm处色散斜率由0.0715 ps/(nm2·km),分别减小至0.0605 ps/(nm2·km),0.0466 ps/(nm2·km),零色散波长由1500 nm附近移至1450 nm以下.测量表明,所得光纤具有优越的光学传输特性、抗弯曲性能和熔接性能,适用于C+L和S+C+L工作波长的大容量高速率长距离密集波分复用系统.光纤关键结构区域精确微扰是改进光纤性能的一种有效方法,该方法不限于MCVD工艺和非零色散位移光纤,对新型光纤的设计和生产具有积极的指导意义.     

Optically controlled tunable dispersion compensators based on pumped fiber gratings

We demonstrate optically tunable dispersion compensators based on pumping fiber Bragg gratings made in Er/Yb codoped fiber. The tunable dispersion for a chirped grating and also a uniform-period grating was successfully demonstrated in the experiment. The dispersion of the chirped grating was tuned from 900 to 1990 ps/nm and also from -600 to -950 ps/nm in the experiment.     

一种新型高非线性色散平坦光子晶体光纤结构

提出了一种新的高非线性色散平坦光子晶体光纤结构,引入了一个衡量非线性和色散平坦的品质因子δ。采用平面波展开法,研究了气孔尺寸对光子晶体光纤色散特性和非线性的影响。新结构在第一圈空气孔的中间插入六个附加小孔,使得光子晶体光纤有更小的有效模场面积,提高了光纤的非线性。通过控制第一圈和第三圈空气孔以及附加小孔的直径,使得该光子晶体光纤在大约330 nm的波长范围内,光纤的色散系数介于±0.5 ps/(km.nm)之间,在大约230nm的波长范围内,光纤的色散系数介于±0.1 ps/(km.nm)之间,在大约200 nm的波长范围内,光纤的色散系数D的值介于±0.05 ps/(km.nm)之间。光纤的有效模场面积为2.26μm2。衡量非线性和色散平坦的品质因子δ=11.8 ps.W/μm2。     

中心下陷的负色散光纤

利用非等温等离子体化学气相沉积成功制得了具有折射率中心下陷的负色散光纤 (RDF)。该光纤在保持较好的抗弯曲性能与偏振模色散的同时 ,有效面积达到 4 5 μm2 ,且在 15 5 0nm处的色散为 - 19.6 5ps/(nm·km) ,色散斜率为 - 0 .132ps/(nm2 ·km)。此外 ,通过优化光纤纤芯各层的掺杂原子浓度 ,在 15 30nm处光纤的氢损降到了0 .0 1dB/km。由负色散光纤与具有超大有效面积的非零色散位移光纤 (ULAF)组成的色散管理光纤对在 15 30nm到16 2 5nm波长范围内的色散斜率小于 0 .0 0 6ps/(nm2 ·km) ,且最大色散值小于 0 .2ps/(nm·km)。同时 ,15 5 0nm波长处的衰耗为 0 .2 2 4dB/km ,且在 15 30nm到 16 2 5nm波段范围内衰耗较为平坦。该色散管理光纤对可以在无需色散补偿模块的前提下应用于大容量高速率的长距离波分复用 (WDM)系统。     

All-optical tunable delay line based on wavelength conversion in semiconductor optical amplifiers and dispersion in dispersion-compensating fiber

We demonstrate an all-optical continuously tunable delay line system based on wavelength conversion in semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs), and group-velocity dispersion (GVD) in a dispersion-compensating fiber (DCF). The system operates, near 1550 nm, with a non-return-to-zero (NRZ) pattern at 10 Gb/s. A maximal optical delay up to 2700 ps is observed. The scheme achieves continuous control of a wide range of optical delays, wide signal bandwidth, nearly no pulse broadening, and very little spectral distortion.     

锁模脉冲波长连续可调谐光纤激光器

利用在腔内加入可调谐光纤光栅滤波器使“8”字形腔掺Yb3+光纤激光器在锁模状态下实现波长连续可调谐.实验中,在保证锁模状态稳定的情况下,通过调节可调谐光纤光栅滤波器,使激光器输出锁模脉冲的中心波长在1 047 nm～1 055 nm范围内连续调谐,重复频率稳定维持在4.9 MHz.在中心波长1 053 nm处,测得锁模脉冲输出平均功率为8.02 mW,光谱带宽1 nm,脉冲宽度为259.3 ps.这种“8”字形腔被动锁模光纤激光器在锁模状态下对波长连续可调谐,并可长时间稳定工作.     

Photoerasure of ultraviolet-induced birefringence and polarization-mode dispersion of chirped fiber Bragg gratings

The first, to my knowledge, experimental demonstration of photoerasure of UV-induced birefringence and polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) in chirped fiber Bragg gratings is presented here. The photoerasure process carried out by launching high-peak-power (approximately 0.6-kW) pulsed (10-Hz, 5-ns) circularly polarized laser light in the visible wavelength (532 nm) through the core of a fiber with the grating was found to reduce its PMD by more than 85% to 0.12 ps. Possible reasons for the photoerasure process, including photobleaching of UV-induced absorption and randomization of dipole orientation of UV-induced defects, are discussed.     

Fiber Bragg gratings for pure dispersion-slope compensation

Single-fiber Bragg gratings designed to compensate for pure third-order dispersion are demonstrated. The devices are designed by use of a layer-peeling inverse-scattering technique and exhibit dispersion profiles across their reflection bandwidths of -20, +/- 40, and -225 ps/nm2 over bandwidths of 4.5, 6, and 3 nm, respectively. Furthermore, they have almost constant peak reflectivities of approximately 75% and are, respectively, only 8, 23, and 40 mm long.     

大容量长距离传输用低非线性效应非零色散位移光纤

利用非等温等离子体化学气相沉积 (PCVD)工艺制备了一种适合于大容量高速率长途干线网与城域网的中芯下陷型纤芯结构非零色散位移光纤。该光纤的有效面积大于 95 μm2 ,在 15 5 0nm波段的色散值约为9ps/(nm·km) ,有效的抑制了传输过程中光非线性效应的产生。通过对光纤剖面结构的优化设计 ,光纤的 15 5 0nm处的传输损耗降到约 0 .2 1dB/km ,与传统单模光纤的熔接损耗低于 0 .11dB ,且在直径为 6 0mm圆筒上绕 10 0圈后在 14 6 0nm到 16 2 5nm波长范围所引起的附加弯曲损耗均低于 0 .0 2dB/km。同时 ,该光纤色散斜率低于0 .0 6 5 ps/(nm2 ·km) ,偏振模色散 (PMD)小于 0 .0 5 ps·km-1/2 。此外 ,由于光纤的零色散点移到了 14 30nm以下 ,使波分复用 (WDM)传输在S波段 (14 6 0～ 15 30nm)、C波段 (15 30～ 15 6 5nm)、L(15 6 5～ 16 2 5nm)波段上都兼容。     

Experimental Study on Time-Spread/Wavelength-Hop Optical Code Division Multiplexing with Dispersion-Compensating En/Decoder

10Gbit/s time-spread/wavelength-hop optical code generation and decoding are performed by dispersion-compensating fiber Bragg grating (FBG) en/decoder pair. Error-free 10km single mode fiber (SMF) transmission of 10Gbit/s optical code division multiplexing (OCDM) has been experimentally demonstrated.     

Experimental realization of a novel dispersion- compensating optical fiber amplifier for simultaneous compensation of positive dispersion and losses

Erbium-doped dispersion-compensating optical fiber (EDCF) has been theoretically simulated and experimentally fabricated using Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD) for optimum operation at 5.0km. It is optimized for both gain as well as negative dispersion. The erbium has been doped into the cladding region while the core of the optical fiber is chosen to be narrow so as to have a high negative dispersion. Measured gain of 3.1 dB at 200 m using 100 mW pumping power (980 nm wavelength) at 1550 nm has been obtained and the gain of 32 dB at 5.0 km using same pumping scheme has been predicted. The chromatic dispersion of this EDCF has been also measured to be –43.5 ps/km-nm at 1550 nm and thus, providing the dispersion of –217.5 ps/nm at 5 km. The bend-induced losses are found to be negligible. We are the first to report the experimental realization of EDCF.     

Efficient broadband intracore grating LP(01)-LP(02) mode converters for chromatic-dispersion compensation

LP(01)-LP(02) mode converters based on UV-written intracore gratings have been fabricated for chromatic-dispersion compensation. The mode converters operate in transmission at wavelengths near 150 nm with spectral bandwidths of 14-25 nm and coupling efficiencies of as much as 90%. A large negative dispersion of -335 ps/(nm km) is obtained for a compensator consisting of the mode converter and a 1490-m-long few-mode fiber. The compensator shows negative dispersion over a wavelength region of 5 nm. Its figure of merit is estimated to be 370 ps/(nm dB).     

光纤光栅可调谐半导体单模超短光脉冲的研究

本文利用光纤光栅形成外腔反馈,得到量子阱半导体激光二极管单模超短光脉冲.其光谱线宽约为0.4nm,脉冲宽度约为60ps.并利用调谐装置,改变光纤光栅的反射波长,得到不同波长的超短光脉冲,其波长可长期稳定.     

色散补偿和色散位移光纤实现光脉冲压缩

根据超短光脉冲在光纤中传输的非线性薛定谔方程，模拟了不同色散参量情况下色散补偿和色散位移光纤对增益开关半导体激光器产生的光脉冲的压缩，给出了光脉冲在经过色散补偿光纤前后的啁啾曲线。结果表明，使用色散参量D分别为-150，-180和-20ps/(nm·km)的色散补偿光纤可以实现其他脉冲压缩方法的压缩效果，最大压缩因子达到6.09，但色散参量越大，所需光纤长度就越短。此外，脉冲经过色散补偿光纤后线性啁啾几乎为零。还利用色散位移光纤对脉冲进行孤子压缩，脉冲宽度由最初的45ps减小到1.23ps。指出采用这2种光纤相结合的方法可以对光脉冲实现高效压缩。