超声复合振动系统中局部共振现象的有限元分析

本文用有限元软件对超声复合振动系统中的局部共振现象进行了仿真计算.通过对仿真结果的分析,验证了“局部共振是耦合振动”的观点.在此基础上,用有限元方法进一步研究了截面直径比、工具杆长度等影响局部共振的因素,总结出了产生局部共振的条件.     

超声复合振动系统中的“局部共振”现象实验研究

本从实验的角度出发,对超声复合振动系统中细长杆的“局部共振”现象进行了较为精确的测量,主要研究了细杆长度与谐振频率之间的关系,超声振子对“局部共振”的影响,以及“局部共振”中细杆长度对振幅的影响,从而为深入研究“局部共振”现象产生的机理提供了更多的依据。     

对超声复合振动系统中“局部共振”现象的一种解释

对超声复合振动系统中的“局部共振”现象,基于熟知的棒或管中声波产生和传播的理论,提出一种机理解释。     

用谐振来解释超声加工中的“局部共振”现象

本文采用机械阻抗方法分析了超声加工系统中出现的“局部共振”现象，通过对不同截面积比的变频杆和工具杆组合系统的计算，得出“局部共振”是超声加工系统的某些固有频率和工具杆固有频率相接近时的现象，此时整个系统仍是全谐振。     

擺共振底演示實验

作擺共振的演示實驗時,通常是把一些擺悬挂在一條比较短的公共线上。这时在各個擺之间便获得了緊密的耦合,共振現象伴随有拍产生。各个擺交换着能量,它們振动底振幅依次地时而减小到零,時而增大着。由於附加的复杂的過程,使所演示的共振现象得到这样的複雜情况,是非常不適宜的。它轉移了對基本现象的注意力,学生常常提出问题:为什么在擺之间会發生能量交换呢?要回答这个問题不是很容易的。因為在耦合很强的振动系统中,所發生的現象底理论是相当复杂的。 對於演示在各個擺聚密聯繫的情况下的共振,其缺點還在於:在日常生活中大多数的情况,觀察到的共振现象是發生在某一個在週期性外力底作用下的振动系统或是兩個微弱的耦合的振动系统,强耦合的系统是罕見的。     

超声复合振动系统中的“局部共振”现象──20年来的应用和机理分析情况

本文作者及当时合作者在《应用声学》的创刊号中报道了超声振动系统中“局部共振”现象的发现及其一项应用。20年来,国内一些作者或者分别介绍了本现象在不同场合的应用,或者分别分析了这个现象的机理。值此《应用声学》庆祝创刊20周年之际,西文回顾了这些前期工作,提出了自己的一种关于机理的观点,并对“局部共振”现象的实用意义作了新的评价,希望能进一步促进这个现象的应用和对它的讨论。     

复杂结构的损耗因子和耦合损耗因子的测量方法

本文介绍利用测量结构振动能量比，测量组装结构的损耗因子和耦合损耗因子的方法。这种方法既适合于保守耦合结构，也适合于非保守耦合结构。这种方法的优点是同时可测量得到结构损耗因子、耦合损耗因子和间接耦合损耗因子，而不需要知道各子结构的模态密度。耦合损耗因子不仅包括共振传输而且也包含低频的非共振传输的影响。利用这种方法测量了转动机械系统的损耗因子和耦合损耗因子并用修正的统计能量分析平衡方程预测了结构振动响应。然后与实测的结构振动平均响应比较，一致性非常好。     

阈下激励与噪声联合作用下肝细胞系统的内钙时空随机共振问题

研究阈下周期信号激励对耦合肝细胞系统内钙离子浓度（［Ca²⁺］)的时空随机共振性质的影响.当阈下激励的频率等于确定性系统在Hopf分岔点附近的频率时,它就会极大地提高随机耦合系统内发生［Ca²⁺］喷发的细胞的比例,通过对喷发比的自相关函数计算得知阈下激励增强了系统在高斯白噪声作用下［Ca²⁺］的时间共振性.通过数值模拟得知,对于不同耦合强度,都存在最优噪声强度使得随机系统内［Ca²⁺］时间共振达到最佳,并且随着细胞间耦 关键词： 钙振动 噪声 阈下激励 随机共振     

阮的声学特性

本文以大阮为主，兼顾中小阮给出阮的声学特性。阮的面板、背板与琴体内空腔和声孔组成耦合振动系统，在低频出现两个明显的共振。阮面板的振动模态与圆板振动相比较在频率不高时存在一定的规律。文中给出大阮的声频谱和琴体振动发声的影响。     

弹性微管内气泡的非线性受迫振动

将弹性管壁视为膜弹性结构, 探索在外部声场作用下弹性微管内液柱-气泡-管壁构成耦合振动系统的非线性特征. 利用逐级近似法对系统非线性共振频率、基频和三倍频振动幅值响应、 分频激励共振机理等进行了理论分析. 基频和三倍频振动的幅-频响应数值结果表明: 气泡的轴向共振和管壁共振不能同时出现; 两垂直方向的振动均表现出幅值响应多值性, 进而可能引起系统的不稳定声响应; 三倍频振动在低频区的声响应强于高频区. 关键词： 弹性微管 受迫振动 非线性振动 气泡声响应     

Analysis of the sandwich piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer in coupled vibration

The coupled vibration of the sandwich piezoelectric transducer with a large cross-section is analyzed using an approximate analytic method. The resonance frequency equations of the transducer are derived and the effect of the geometrical dimensions on the resonance frequency is studied. It is illustrated that when the radial vibration in the transducer is considered, the vibration of the sandwich transducer becomes more complex. Apart from the longitudinal resonance frequency, the radial resonance frequency can also be obtained. For comparison, numerical methods are also used to simulate the coupled vibration; the resonance frequency and the vibrational displacement distribution are computed. Compared with one-dimensional longitudinal theory, the radial dimensions of the transducer are no longer limited because the coupled vibration is considered. Compared with numerical methods, the physical meaning of the analytic method is concise. It is illustrated that the resonance frequencies obtained from the coupled resonance frequency equations are in good agreement with those from numerical methods, and they are in better agreement with the measured results than those from one-dimensional theory. Since the radial and the coupled vibration are considered in the analysis, more resonance frequencies can be obtained. Therefore, using the coupled resonance frequency equations, the sandwich transducer with multifrequency or wide frequency bandwidth can be designed and used in ultrasonic cleaning, ultrasonic sonochemistry and other applications.     

外力驱动下耦合弹簧振子的法诺共振

法诺共振是物理体系中普遍存在的一种非对称共振现象,它最早起源于量子物理,其微观图像是原子谱线中窄的分离态与宽的连续态之间的相干干涉.本文利用经典力学体系中两个弹簧振子的耦合,使其中一个弹簧振子受到周期性外力的驱动,成功类比了量子力学中的法诺共振现象.通过分析每个弹簧振子的动力学方程,严格求解它们的振动公式,从而得到每个弹簧振子的振幅和位相与外部驱动力频率之间的关系.结果表明,耦合体系中受外力驱动的那个弹簧振子既可以发生非对称的法诺共振,又可以发生对称的洛仑兹共振,而另一个弹簧振子只能发生洛仑兹共振.本文的推导与分析能够使读者更好地理解法诺共振现象及其激发条件.     

二维振动方向变换器的耦合振动及其等效电路

二维振动方向变换器集功率合成和二维超声输出的功能于一体,在功率超声技术中具有重要的应用价值。然而,对于二维振动方向变换器的设计分析只有一种较为复杂的波动方程法。为此,本文研究了二维振动方向变换器的另外一种简明的设计分析方法——等效电路法。通过引入二维机械耦合系数和纵向力转换系数,利用力电类比原理建立了二维振动方向变换器的同相及反相二维耦合振动的统一等效电路模型。利用本文提出的设计方法,计算了两种不同材料的二维振动方向变换器的谐振频率,与有限元计算结果及实验测试结果一致,为该类超声振动系统的工程应用提供了一种简洁直观的设计分析方法。      

模式转换型超声塑焊振动系统的设计

基于弯曲振动理论和耦合振动理论,设计了一种新型大尺寸筒形超声塑焊振动系统。该振动系统由纵向振动换能器及变幅杆、弯曲振动金属圆盘和耦合振动圆筒四部分组成。换能器和变幅杆的纵向振动驱动圆盘的二次弯曲模式振动,圆盘的二次弯曲模式振动激励圆筒的纵向模式振动,实现了工具头在较高频率下谐振。实验结果表明,振动系统的测试频率与计算频率比较符合,在大信号下测试的纵-弯-纵振动模式转换效果很好。研究结果为高频大尺寸超声焊接系统的设计提供了思路。      

Frequency spectrum and modes of vibration in circular,convex AT-cut bevelled — Design quartz resonators

In this paper an approximate solution of the problem for the calculation of the frequency spectrum in circular, convex AT-cut bevelled — design quartz resonators, operating in overtones of coupled TS-TT modes of vibration is given. A plot of nondimensional resonance frequency as a function of the plates geometry is made. The graph includes the influence of the bevel on the suppression of the unwanted anharmonic overtones of vibration.     

Two-dimensional coupled vibration and equivalent circuit of longitudinal-longitudinal orthogonal composite vibration direction converter

With the advantages of transmitting energy from multiple directions to one direction and transforming vibration from one source to multiple directions, the two-dimensional vibra?tion direction converter has important applications in power ultrasonic technology. However, for the complexity of using the wave equation to design and analysis the two-dimensional vibration direction converter, a concise equivalent circuit for the converter is investigated. By introducing the two-dimensional mechanical coupling coefficient and the longitudinal force transform coef?ficient, and using the electromechanical analogy principle, the equivalent circuit and resonance frequency equation of the two-dimensional vibration direction converter vibrating in anti-phase and in-phase two-dimensional coupled vibration are deduced. The resonance frequencies of the vibration direction converters of two different materials are calculated by using the proposed frequency equation, which are in agreement with the results from the finite element method and the experimental test. It provides a concise method for the design and applications of such ultrasonic vibration system.     

Effect of one-way clutch on the nonlinear vibration of belt-drive systems with a continuous belt model

This study focuses on the nonlinear steady-state response of a belt-drive system with a one-way clutch. A dynamic model is established to describe the rotations of the driving pulley, the driven pulley, and the accessory shaft. Moreover, the model considers the transverse vibration of the translating belt spans for the first time in belt-drive systems coupled with a one-way clutch. The excitation of the belt-drive system is derived from periodic fluctuation of the driving pulley. In automotive systems, this kind of fluctuation is induced by the engine firing harmonic pulsations. The derived coupled discrete–continuous nonlinear equations consist of integro-partial-differential equations and piece-wise ordinary differential equations. Using the Galerkin truncation, a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations is obtained from the integro-partial-differential equations. Applying the Runge–Kutta time discretization, the time histories of the dynamic response are numerically solved for the driven pulley and the accessory shaft and the translating belt spans. The resonance areas of the coupled belt-drive system are determined using the frequency sweep. The effects of the one-way clutch on the belt-drive system are studied by comparing the frequency–response curves of the translating belt with and without one-way clutch device. Furthermore, the results of 2-term and 4-term Galerkin truncation are compared to determine the numerical convergence. Moreover, parametric studies are conducted to understand the effects of the system parameters on the nonlinear steady-state response. It is concluded that one-way clutch not only decreases the resonance amplitude of the driven pulley and shaft's rotational vibration, but also reduces the resonance region of the belt's transverse vibration.     

矩形辐射器压电多频超声换能器的研究

研究了一种具有多个共振频率的矩形辐射器夹心式超声换能器,换能器由圆柱形后盖板、压电陶瓷晶堆及矩形六面体辐射器前盖板组合而成。利用表观弹性法和一维近似理论给出了多频换能器横向及纵向理论共振频率方程。对一种特殊情况下的此类换能器进行了有限元及实验分析,给出了各自的频率输入导纳曲线。对理论和实验结果进行分析后表明,此类矩形辐射器夹心式超声换能器可以在不同的振动模态上工作,具有多个共振频率.