不同金属离子与色氨酸作用的荧光光谱研究

研究了不同金属离子对色氨酸的荧光强度的影响。结果表明，在一定条件下当达到一定浓度时，Ｃｕ（Ⅱ），Ｆｅ（Ⅲ），Ｍｏ（Ⅵ）对色氨酸的荧光有猝灭作用，而此时Ｚｎ（Ⅱ），Ｍｎ（Ⅱ），Ｃｒ（Ⅲ），Ｃｏ（Ⅱ），Ｃａ（Ⅱ）和Ｎａ（Ⅰ）则对色氨酸的荧光几乎没有影响。     

过渡金属Mn(Ⅲ),Fe(Ⅲ),Rh(Ⅲ)和Pd(Ⅱ)卟啉配合物的共振拉曼光谱研究

讨论了金属离子Ｍｎ（Ⅲ），Ｆｅ（Ⅲ），Ｒｈ（Ⅲ）和Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）原卟啉Ⅸ－二甲酯（ＰＰ）和四苯基卟啉（ＴＰＰ）配合物及Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）间氯四苯基卟啉（ＴＰＰｍ－ｃｌ）配合物的共振拉曼光谱。利用金属离子外层ｄ电子与卟啉环的作用，解释了配合物结构灵敏带的变化规律，同时讨论了不同卟啉及卟啉环上取代基团对结构灵敏带的影响。     

过渡金属Mn（Ⅲ）,Fe（Ⅲ）,Rh（Ⅱ）和Pd（Ⅱ）卟啉配合物的共振拉…

讨论了金属离子Ｍｎ（Ⅲ），Ｆｅ（Ⅲ），Ｒｈ（Ⅲ）和Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）原卟啉Ⅸ－二甲酯（ＰＰ）和四苯基卟啉（ＴＰＰ）配合物及Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）间氯四苯基卟啉（ＴＰＰｍ－ｃｌ）配合物的共振拉曼光谱。利用金属离子外层ｄ电子与卟啉环的作用，解释了配合物结构灵敏带的变化规律，同时讨论了不同卟啉及卟啉环上取代基团对结构灵敏带的影响。     

偏苯三甲酸铕（Ⅲ）系列四元配合物的合成及相关性能研究

合成了Eu（Ⅲ）与偏苯三甲酸（TLA）、2-噻酚甲酰三氟丙酮（HTTA）和邻菲罗啉（Phen）形成的两个新的四元配合物。运用元素分析、红外光谱、扫描电镜、热重与荧光光谱等手段对它们进行了系统的表征。研究结果表明,偏苯三甲酸与2-噻酚甲酰三氟丙酮Eu（Ⅲ）和邻菲罗啉形成的四元配合物,具有比偏苯三甲酸Eu（Ⅲ）和邻菲罗啉形成的三元配合物更强的荧光强度与更宽的紫外激发,比配合物Eu（TTA）3Phen更好的热稳定性。得到了两种热稳定性较好的鲜艳红色荧光材料。     

铬(Ⅲ)与明胶蛋白质相互作用的紫外光谱研究

采用紫外分光光度法研究了铬(Ⅲ)与明胶蛋白质相互作用。结果表明：由于金属离子铬(Ⅲ)的存在，明胶-282nm向低波数方向位移，改变了明胶高分子的构象。     

溶剂浸渍滤纸的制备及其在XRFA中的应用研究（二）XRFA中溶剂…

本文报道了Ｐ５０７溶剂浸渍滤纸（ＳＩＦＰ）的制备方法及应用溶剂浸渍滤纸富集金属离子制备适合Ｘ射线荧光光谱分析样片的方法。在ＰＨ３介质中制备了Ｌａ（Ⅲ），Ｃｅ（Ⅲ）、Ｙｂ（Ⅲ）；在ＰＨ２．５的介质中制备了Ｔｈ（Ⅳ）；在２ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ介质中制备了Ｚｒ（Ⅳ）；与Ｈｆ（Ⅳ）等元素标准系列样片。本文报道了经ＸＲＦ测定的数据。各元素的检出限ＣＤＬ分别为Ｌａ：０．０１５μｇ（Ｌａ２Ｏ３）；Ｃｅ：０．３５９μ     

硫氰酸铵-氯化十六烷基吡啶-水体系浮选分离Au（Ⅲ）的研究

研究了氯化十六烷基吡啶和硫氰酸铵分离Au（Ⅲ）的行为及Au（Ⅲ）与一些金属离子分离的条件。结果表明,在水溶液中,Au（Ⅲ）与氯化十六烷基吡啶和硫氰酸铵形成不溶于水的三元缔合物Au（SCN）4-.CPC＋,此三元缔合物沉淀浮于水相上层形成界面清晰的液-固两相。当溶液中氯化十六烷基吡啶和硫氰酸铵的浓度分别为7.0×10-4mol/L和5.0×10-3mol/L时,Au（Ⅲ）可与Mn（Ⅱ）,Ni（Ⅱ）,Co（Ⅱ）,Fe（Ⅱ）,Mg（Ⅱ）,Al（Ⅱ）和Cd（Ⅱ）进行分离,对合成水样中的Au（Ⅲ）进行了分离和测定,Au（Ⅲ）的浮选率达到98.6%以上,其他金属离子的浮选率都在4.5%以下。该方法具有简便、快速和不污染环境等特点,在微量金的分离和富集分析中有一定的实用价值。     

铁（Ⅲ）的三元离子缔合物与镓（Ⅲ）、铋（Ⅲ）、铑（Ⅲ）和铟（Ⅲ）的浮选分离

分光光度法研究了四丁基溴化铵-硫氰酸铵体系浮选分离和富集F e（Ⅲ）的行为及与一些金属离子分离的条件。结果表明,在一定条件下,能使F e（Ⅲ）与G a（Ⅲ）,B i（Ⅲ）,R h（Ⅲ）和In（Ⅲ）分离。     

La(Ⅲ)、Gd(Ⅲ)、Tb(Ⅲ)8-羟基喹啉固体配合物的光声光谱与弛豫过程

本文合成Ｌａ（Ⅲ）、Ｇｄ（Ⅲ）、Ｔｂ（Ⅲ）８－羟基喹啉固体配合物，通过对其光声光谱的分析，研究了８－羟基喹啉稀土配合物的荧光性质和弛豫过程     

光谱法研究酒石酸乙酰异戊酰泰乐菌素与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用及Zn2＋，Cu2＋的影响

酒石酸乙酰异戊酰泰乐菌素（ATLL）是一种新的大环内酯类兽用抗菌药,研究 ATLL与蛋白质的相互作用非常重要,这直接与 ATLL 在体内的药效相关。牛血清白蛋白（BSA ）结构上与人血清白蛋白（HSA）同源,因此,常用它作研究药物与蛋白质相互作用的蛋白模型。血液中有许多金属离子,已有关于体内单一离子对药物与蛋白质相互作用影响的研究,采用多光谱方法对ATLL与BSA相互作用及Zn2＋和Cu2＋的影响进行研究。结果表明,BSA的荧光猝灭属于静态猝灭,Zn2＋和Cu2＋分别使有效猝灭常数降低和增大。主要的相互作用力为氢键和疏水作用力。ATLL改变蛋白质色氨酸和酪氨酸的微环境极性。紫外光谱分析发现,Cu2＋可能是通过Cu2＋‐ATLL复合物以金属离子架桥作用来影响ATLL与BSA的作用,Zn2＋可能通过与ATLL的竞争作用结合BSA。红外光谱分析表明,ATLL使BSA的β‐折叠和α‐螺旋结构向β‐转角和无规卷曲转变。这些基础数据有助于阐明在生理条件下,有无Zn2＋,Cu2＋时ATLL与BSA的相互作用机制及金属离子在药物与蛋白质作用过程中对蛋白质功能的影响。     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.