基于LabVIEW与Multisim的火控系统半实物联合仿真方法

针对当前装甲装备火控系统电路组成与功能特点,对火控系统维修保养过程中的故障诊断方法与测试需求进行了研究,提出了一种火控系统半实物联合仿真方法,介绍了该仿真建模方法的设计思路与实现方法。该方法可充分发挥LabVIEW和Multisim软件的优势,通过半实物联合仿真的方法,以仿真模型代替部分或者全部火控系统部组件,能够很好地实现火控系统不同级别的电路功能模拟、故障复现,快速完成故障诊断分析,解决了当前装甲装备火控系统维修诊断设备通用性差、规范化程度低、开放性差,难以真实的模拟系统级、部件级功能、故障注入和故障检测等问题,为装甲装备火控系统故障诊断与测试设备开发提供了有效平台,为基层部队开展维修训练和维护保障提供了有效途径。     

基于虚拟测试仪器的诊断技术及在VMTS中应用

故障诊断是一门交叉学科,广泛应用于各个领域,在飞机维修虚拟训练系统(VMTS, Virtual Maintenance Training System)平台基础上,提出基于虚拟仪器进行测试、故障定位的仿真训练策略,构建了基于需求的虚拟测试仪器模型框架,并在VMTS系统中得到应用。通过虚拟测试仪器与推理模块协同配合的方法解决了维修虚拟训练过程中普遍存在的故障诊断类型套路化问题,并且能够完成复杂状态下的故障诊断任务,满足各种故障诊断训练要求,最后以尾桨故障诊断为例,证明该方法的可行性。     

基于多信号流图模型的导弹系统级故障诊断技术研究

为了实现对导弹装备系统级故障的诊断,提出了基于多信号流图模型的导弹故障诊断方法;该方法利用多信号流图模型建立系统的层次结构模型,在对导弹系统级测试性指标进行分析的同时,生成故障模式-测试相关性矩阵;在导弹测试出现故障时,利用故障模式与测试的相关性对相关性矩阵进行化简后,可将故障定位到具体LRU;最后,利用某型导弹电气系统对该方法进行了验证,试验结果证明,该方法对于导弹系统级的测试性建模与分析是有效的,利用该模型能够对导弹系统级故障进行准确定位。     

多信号模型在虚拟故障建模与仿真中的应用

在分析虚拟维修训练需求和故障机理的基础上,提出基于多信号模型的电子装备故障建模方法,研究了虚拟环境中故障数据生成与实时检测、故障现象模拟及仿真运行流程等问题;在VC++环境下开发虚拟仪表,并借助实时通信模块获取Virtools环境中虚拟样机上的测试信号;最后,在Virtools中实现了某型无人机飞行指挥与控制系统故障建模与仿真,验证了该方法的可行性;多信号模型可以完整地描述故障的传递轨迹,高效、灵活地构建故障故障机理模型,为受训人员提供了一个实施诊断逻辑的良好训练环境。     

基于软件仿真技术的外源性故障注入方法研究

针对当前复杂系统测试性试验中存在的无法模拟外部条件性存在的设备故障、外部输入输出故障模式单一等故障注入问题,定义了外源性故障的概念;针对外源性故障具有的功能逻辑和运行场景特性、故障源繁杂特性、模拟难度大成本高特性、总线交联特性,总结了外源性故障注入的基本要求;提出了一种面向外总线复杂应用数据仿真的外源性故障注入方法,面向总线应用层数据,从复杂系统的高级应用逻辑出发,模拟复杂系统交联环境、使用方式等故障行为,建立自动化的实时仿真故障注入环境,通过全数字仿真模型模拟交联环境的行为,进一步通过模型输入、输出或模型参数的改变,实施总线高级行为的故障注入。最后阐述了测试性试验中的外源性故障注入实施方案,分析了该方法的关键技术和环境构建思路,制定了外源性故障注入试验的实施流程。     

导弹逼近告警器及无源干扰设备测试软件设计

为解决导弹逼近告警器及无源干扰设备测试成本高、维护保障难的问题,研制了一套导弹逼近告警器及无源干扰设备自动检测系统;设计了系统测试软件,按照模块化设计方式,针对设备检测需求,开发不同的软件测试模块并集成;该系统集成度高,配置灵活,操作智能化,功能完整,测试项目全,测试和排故障效率高;经试用表明,该检测系统具有良好的操作性和维护性,可以为导弹逼近告警器及无源干扰设备检测维修提供技术支持,有效节省测试成本和维护保障费用。     

多数据融合在导弹遥测监控视景仿真的应用

针对目前传统遥测系统在获取导弹的姿态参数、环境参数和工作状态数据显示不够直观且不利于监控和显示飞行轨迹的问题,设计了遥测监控视景仿真系统。该系统通过卫星通信模块将采集到的弹道姿态参数信息利用卡尔曼滤波算法进行数据融合后传输到用户终端,实时驱动视景仿真系统中导弹三维仿真场景以便直观形象真实地显示导弹运动状态。实验结果表明了该系统可多次多视角重复观测导弹飞行状态,可实时再现导弹飞行发射过程,有利于提高导弹研发效率并显著降低研发成本。     

基于单片机的直流电动机的信号采集系统设计

装甲车辆起动过程中,直流电动机部分容易发生故障,传统的电机诊断方法都是定期制定维修计划,这种检修方式容易造成维修不足、维修过量以及盲目维修的问题,为了深入分析电动机故障发生时的参数信息的变化,构建一套能够采集电机运行参数的系统,对采集电枢电流和振动信号进行时频域分析,能够反映故障发生的特点;该系统以STM32103C8T6为主控芯片,设计了电流、振动信号采集电路,信号调理电路,对A/D转换模块、数据存储模块进行了编程实现,能够对直流电动机的电枢电流和振动信号进行实时采集,并将数据保存到上位机中进行后续的调用处理;通过测量对比直流电动机起动过程轴承部位发生不同故障时的电流和振动信号,利用MATLAB仿真实现时域内的信号显示,并在MATLAB平台中,编程实现了振动信号的时频域分析;仿真结果表明,该采集系统能够准确测量信号,具有成本低,体积小,精度高等优点,能够为故障特征提取提供较好的数据基础。     

预警卫星半实物仿真系统设计与实现

国防支援计划(DSP)是美国现役的预警卫星系统,主要对导弹进行早期探测和预警。为评估DSP卫星对目标的探测能力,文中分析了预警卫星的部署情况和工作模式,提出了预警卫星仿真系统的总体设计方案,确定该系统的功能模块以及实现方式;根据预警卫星双波段探测的工作模式构建了红外双色扫描探测模型,提出了基于双霍夫变换的多帧关联目标检测算法,利用目标的运行特性有效去除背景噪声,并结合双波段探测信息融合策略降低卫星虚警率,最后利用双星定位方法预估目标轨迹并对不同发射角目标的预测轨迹与真实轨迹之间的误差进行对比分析。通过试验运行,该系统达到了预期结果,具备对目标导弹的探测和跟踪能力,为导弹性能评估提供一种仿真手段和依据。     

直升机交互式桨叶振动调整仿真研究

为解决目前机务维修培训中存在的物理样机难以满足需求的问题,以实际机务维修工作中旋翼振动调整方法为参考,提出在虚拟维修训练系统的基础上实现受训人员对虚拟样机旋翼桨叶进行振动调整仿真操作,以期达到训练目的。根据非沉浸式虚拟维修训练系统的特点设计交互仿真操作逻辑,确定仿真操作步骤,分析座舱振动可视化表示方法,专用虚拟样机的构建方法以及虚拟仪器的实现方式和数据组织结构形式,并将该仿真实验以模块化形式添加到虚拟维修训练系统中,满足拆装条件下对虚拟样机的交互操作需求。最后以欧直松鼠直升机虚拟样机旋翼振动调整方法为例验证该操作仿真逻辑的可用性。     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.