基于Map-Reduce并行构架和AE的大数据指纹监控识别算法

传统的指纹识别监控方法在应用到以海量、在线和增量为特征的大数据环境中时,不能自动高效地进行识别,且识别率和识别精度都不高。由此设计了一种基于Map-Reduce并行框架和AE的大数据智能监控指纹识别算法。首先,描述了Hadoop和Map-Reduce实现并行计算的原理;然后,设计了基于AE和BP神经网络的识别模型,采用AE进行指纹图像自动特征提取,并提出了一种基于比较差异算法对AE进行参数初始化的训练算法,采用BP神经网络进行具体识别;最后,将识别过程分解为Map函数和Reduce函数,并对函数的具体功能进行了详细定义。在Map-Reduce并行框架下对FVC2004中的指纹数据库进行实验,实验结果表明了文中方法能自动、高效地进行指纹识别,与其他方法相比,具有识别效率高和识别精度高的优点,具有较大的优越性。     

量子势阱粒子群优化算法的改进研究

为提高量子势阱粒子群优化算法的优化能力, 通过分析目前量子势阱粒子群优化算法的设计过程, 提出了改进的量子势阱粒子群优化算法. 首先, 分别基于Delta势阱、谐振子和方势阱 提出了改进的量子势阱粒子群优化算法, 并提出了基于统计量均值的控制参数设计方法. 然后, 在势阱中心的设计方面, 为强调全局最优粒子的指导作用, 提出了基于自身最优粒子加权平均和动态随机变量的两种设计策略. 实验结果表明, 三种势阱粒子群优化算法性能比较接近, 都优于原算法, 且Delta势阱模型略优于其他两种.     

基于改进图划分的异构并行计算模型设计

为了实现大规模计算机集群上的高效分布式并行计算,设计了一种基于改进图划分和量子遗传算法的异构节点并行计算模型;首先,介绍了传统图划分模型并分析了其不足,然后从图的有向性、通信开销计算和负载均衡度等方面对传统的图划分模型进行了改进,从而得到一个改进的图划分模型;最后,以最小化通信开销和优化资源负载均衡为目标,通过设计编码方案,在改进的图划分模型上提出了采用量子遗传算法获取最优任务划分方案的最优解;仿真实验表明:文中方法能有效实现任务的并行计算,与其它方法相比,具有较小的通信开销和较好的负载均衡度,具有很强的可行性。     

基于改进量子粒子群和主动PI模型的自适应无线传感器网络拥塞控制算法设计

针对无线传感器网络中路由节点需要转发大量数据导致网络拥塞,从而引起节点丢包率高和网络吞吐率过低的问题,提出了一种基于主动PI模型和改进量子粒子群优化算法的拥塞控制方法;首先定义了丢包率和队列长度计算方式;设计了改进的PI主动队列管理模型,然后,为了改进PI模型的控制效果,采用改进的量子粒子群算法对PI主动队列管理模型中的比例系数和积分系数kP和kI进行参数优化,从而得到能实现WSN自适应控制的主动PI控制模型;最后,对基于量子粒子群算法和PI主动队列模型的网络拥塞算法进行了描述和说明;仿真实验表明:文中提出的拥戴控制方法能有效实现WSN拥塞控制,是一种适用于WSN的有效拥塞控制方法,与其它方法相比,具有较短的平均队列长度和较大的网络吞吐率,具有很强的可行性。     

基于云计算Hadoop异构集群的并行作业调度算法

针对Hadoop异构集群中计算和数据资源的不一致分布所导致的调度性能较低的缺点,设计了一种基于Hadoop集群和改进Late算法的并行作业调度算法;首先,介绍了基于Hadoop框架和Map-Reduce模型的调度原理,然后,在经典的Late调度算法的基础上,对Map任务和Reduce任务的各阶段执行时间进度比例进行存储和更新,为了进一步地提高调度效率,将慢任务迁移到本地化节点或离数据资源较近的物理节点上,并给了基于改进Late算法的作业调度流程;为了验证文中方法,在Hadoop集群系统上测试,设定1个为Jobtracker主控节点和7个为TaskTracker节点,实验结果表明文中方法能实现异构集群的作业调度,且与其它方法比较,具有较低的预测误差和较高的调度效率。     

基于Bloch球面搜索的量子粒子群优化算法

通过分析量子势阱粒子群优化算法的设计过程,提出一种基于Bloch球面搜索的量子粒子群优化算法.首先用基于Bloch球面描述的量子位描述粒子,用泡利矩阵建立旋转轴,用Delta势阱模型计算旋转角度,用量子位在Bloch球面上的绕轴旋转实现搜索.然后用Hadamard门实现粒子变异,以避免早熟收敛.这种旋转可使当前量子位沿着Bloch球面上的大圆逼近目标量子位,从而可加速优化进程.仿真结果表明,该算法的优化能力优于原算法.     

一种采用种群多样性监控和实时更新策略的粒子群优化算法

针对粒子群算法优化后期容易出现早熟收敛问题,建立一种具有种群多样性监测和实时更新策略的改进方法.首先建立种群健康度指标用来评价粒子群进化状态;其次提出随机扰动策略和离心搜索策略用于丰富粒子群的种群多样性,增强算法的全局搜索能力,并提出梯度搜索策略用于精确、高效地搜寻当前邻域内的局部极值点,提高算法的计算效率.最后建立种群健康度反馈机制,使粒子可以实时感知种群的健康程度,并自适应地采用不同的粒子更新策略,保证粒子群处于健康进化水平.将新方法应用于优化实例,并与其它改进方法进行性能比较,结果验证了新方法的有效性.     

基于多种群量子粒子群聚类的模拟电路故障诊断算法设计

为了提高传统模拟电路故障诊断算法的故障诊断精确度和故障诊断效率,设计了一种基于多种群量子粒子群聚类的模拟电路故障诊断算法。首先,采用多种群量子粒子群算法实现特征参数优化,将最优粒子中的非0维度作为选择的最优特征属性,得到最优特征选择集,然后采用马氏距离作为数据样本相似度的度量方式,设计了基于马氏距离的聚类方法实现对模拟电路的故障进行有效诊断,该诊断方法能在线样本不断增加的情况,自适应地增加聚类的个数即故障诊断的类别数,且无需训练参数。仿真实验表明,文中方法能有效实现模拟电路的故障诊断,尤其是能满足在线故障诊断需求,与其它方法相比,具有故障诊断精度和效率高的优点。     

基于代价优化的云工作流调度改进PSO算法

云计算可以通过即付即用的方式向用户工作流提供资源。为了解决资源服务代价异构环境下的云工作流任务调度代价问题,提出一种基于改进粒子群算法的云工作流任务调度算法WSA-IPSO。通过综合考虑任务的执行代价和依赖任务间发生数据传输时的通信代价,算法将总代价优化问题形式化为有向无环图DAG中的任务调度模型,并提出基于改进粒子群算法的优化模型对其进行求解。通过改进传统粒子群算法的粒子速度更新策略和惯性权重更新策略,算法可以以更快的收敛速度得到代价最小化的调度方案。通过仿真实验,与MCT算法及标准粒子群算法进行性能比较。实验结果表明,WSA-IPSO算法在降低总代价、任务分布的负载均衡以及算法收敛性方面比较同类算法均表现出更好的性能。     

基于改进量子PSO算法的可约束车辆路径优化

为了求解有能力约束的车辆路径优化问题,提出了用于可约束车辆路径优化的改进量子PSO算法。首先给出了车辆路径的数学模型,介绍了粒子群算法;然后提出了改进量子粒子群算法,该算法采用了2-opt,1-1交换等局部优化算法那进行线路内和线路间的优化,引入种群熵算法的方法来衡量算法那是否陷入局部最优,采用灾变的操作保证解得多样性,并给出了该算法用于求解车辆路径的有关问题的具体方法;通过与别的算法的比较并结合仿真实验,有效地说明了该算法的可行性和有效性。     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.