Die optischen Eigenschaften von Interferenzfiltern bei Messung mit endlich breiten Spektralbereichen

A special procedure of evaluation permits — from measurements of the transmissibility of interference filters possessing a very narrow band width — the very accurate determination of both the half-width and the position of the transmitted spectral range. Using this procedure a method is developped, that permits to eliminate those errors in the determination of the optical properties of the filters which are due to the finite width of the spectral range used for the measurements. Both methods are illustrated by experimental examples.     

光电列阵元件光谱响应的整体测试法

本文针对列阵元件的特点,提出了对其光谱响应进行整体测试的方法。实测结果与误差分析计算表明,整体测试法是一种准确稳定和易行的方法。     

Spectral anomalies and spectral switches of partially coherent and polychromatic light diffracted at an aperture

Inrecentyearsanewbranchofmodernphysicalopticscalledsingularoptics[1]hasbeendeveloped.In2002theworkinsingularopticswasextendedfrommonochromaticlighttospatiallyfullycoherentandpolychromaticlightbyGburetal.[2—4].Itwasfoundthat,whenaconverging,spatiallyfullycoherentandpolychromaticsphericalwaveisdiffractedatanaperture,anomalousspectralchangestakeplaceclosetozerosoftheintensityinthefarfield;i.e.thespectrumisredshiftedatsomepoints,blueshiftedatothers,andsplitintotwolineselsewhere.Thepredictionsofsp…     

Parallel Detection of Multiple Transitional Spectral Patterns Using Optical Spectrogram Scope

In measurement of ultrafast phenomena caused by several photochemical reactions, multiple transitional spectral patterns contained in a signal pulse are directly associated with different interactions, allowing us to identify individual interactions from these patterns. We propose a new method by which we can detect multiple transitional spectral patterns contained in a signal pulse in parallel using optical spectrogram scope (OSS). In the experimental demonstration, we used an arrayed filter composed of matched filters recording three kinds of transitional spectral patterns in the OSS system, and we directly detected two different patterns contained in a signal pulse in parallel.     

基于数字滤波的主动式高光谱成像系统及其波长标定

基于数字滤波技术,提出了获取物体反射光谱数据立方体和光谱响应曲线的主动式新型高光谱成像系统。对传统WDF型瓦兹渥斯反射式单色仪进行了改装,在入射光一定的情况下,增大出射光通量,提高了照射在物体表面的光强。利用数字滤波方式代替光学窄带滤波器,解决了多个光学滤光片不能连续可调和其他滤波器成本高的问题,建立了波长连续可调,带宽可调的高光谱成像系统。针对系统的特点和采集方式,提出了适当的定标方式,其波长误差2nm。得到了绿色树叶效果良好的光谱数据立方体和响应曲线,表明提出的系统适用于实验室中小视场内的光谱成像测量研究。     

Free electron laser spectral dynamics with a modulation of electron beam energy

Recent experimental and theoretical works on free electron laser spectral dynamics have pointed out the difficulty to obtain a narrow and stable spectrum operation. This goal can only be achieved by avoiding the sideband generation leading to a broadband and unstable spectrum. Tapered wiggler and two-frequency wiggler are well suited for combining sharp spectrum and high efficiency but are not really compatible with a wide tunability of laser light. Filtering sidebands is a good way for lower power experiments but it seems to be difficult to conceive wideband filters, specially in the far-infrared region. Modulation of electron energy is a new potential soft way for controlling the spectral dynamics of longpulse free electron laser. Spectral dynamics under the modulation is investigated in the linear and non-linear regimes in the far-infrared region. Simulations show that a pulsed and sharp spectrum behavior can be obtained by optimizing the modulation parameters. The interest of such a method for the far-infrared experiments is discussed.     

采用光谱色散平滑和连续相位板实现靶面均匀辐照的实验研究

为了改善高功率激光装置的靶面辐照均匀性, 在神光-Ⅲ原型装置的一路光上开展了结合光谱色散平滑(SSD) 和连续相位板(CPP)的高通量实验研究．实验基于调制频率9.2 GHz的体相位调制器开展, 输出的相位调制脉冲光谱展宽稳定, 脉冲波形顶部剩余调制很小. 结果表明SSD色循环数为1时预放和主放各级空间滤波器过孔顺利, 包含焦斑95%能量的通量对比度由窄带时的1.71下降到加SSD和CPP时的0.47．三倍频光脉宽1 ns, 能量1115 J时, CPP和终端光学组件元件未见损伤．通过实验解决了在高功率激光装置上采用SSD和CPP进行靶面均匀辐照的若干关键技术, 为将其应用于物理实验奠定了坚实基础.     

用于补偿增益窄化效应的Rugate滤波器设计

采用Rugate膜系理论,分别根据钛宝石和钕玻璃介质增益窄化的特点,合理选择补偿增益窄化的调制函数,优化设计出了分别用于补偿钛宝石系统和钕玻璃系统增益窄化效应的Rugate滤波器.由普通均匀多层膜的特征矩阵方法近似分析了设计出的Rugate滤波器的光谱响应,数值模拟了Rugate滤波器的光谱补偿效果.结果显示,能比较好的符合光谱补偿的要求,可以用作补偿增益窄化效应的光谱调制滤波器. 关键词： 超短脉冲 增益窄化 光谱补偿 Rugate滤波器     

基于带通滤波片的激光二极管自混频纳米颗粒干涉测量技术

激光二极管自混频技术可用于纳米颗粒的测量,采用多通道带通滤波技术分别测量了180,100,60nm三种纳米颗粒,获得自混频信号的频带功率谱(PS-BPF)。作为比较,对实时提取的自混频信号进行傅里叶变换得到功率谱密度(PSD)函数。分别对PSD函数和PS-BPF反演计算得到颗粒粒径分布。结果显示:两种方法得到的颗粒粒径分布基本一致,并与商用仪器测试结果吻合。对两种处理方式的模式矩阵分析表明,多通道带通滤波技术明显优于PSD函数处理方式。     

相关诱导光谱变化对光谱测量的影响

在光传播空间中引入的光阑会对光谱的传播产生影响。以一个常用的光谱测量系统为模型,对系统中的光阑对光谱变化的影响进行了深入的研究。研究结果表明,狭缝的衍射和透镜的色差以及光源的空间相干度的变化都有可能使衍射场中观察点的光谱出现变化,并且这种变化与观察点的空间位置有关。这种相关诱导光谱变化会对光谱的精确测量产生影响。     

Spectral band invariant wavelet-modified MACH filter

Filters synthesized with images of a specific spectral band in general fail to recognize targets in a different spectral band. In this paper, we therefore demonstrate the use of the wavelet-modified maximum average correlation height (WaveMACH) filter for automatic target recognition applications in both the visible and infrared (IR) spectral bands. As any input target appears different when imaged through two different sensors, i.e., a CCD or an IR camera, a WaveMACH filter synthesized using a CCD image shows no correlation with the image of the same target from an IR camera and vice-versa. Hence, separate filters are required to match the input targets from the two sensors. To avoid the synthesis and storage of separate filters, the images from CCD and IR camera are fused using Daubechies wavelet and then the rotation-invariant WaveMACH filter generated with the fused image. In all, 18 WaveMACH filters (each of 20° range) are required for in-plane rotation invariance in both the spectral bands for the full range of 0–360°. Computer simulation and experimental results implemented in hybrid digital–optical correlator architecture are shown for the proposed idea. The same filters have also been used to identify multiple targets in a scene. Performance measures like peak-to-sidelobe ratio (PSR), peak correlation energy (PCE) and correlation peak intensity (CPI) have been calculated as metrics of goodness.     

基于K-L散度与光谱可分性距离的波段选择算法

波段选择是高光谱降维的常用手段,文中从波段选择应遵循的3个原则出发设计了一种基于信息散度与光谱可分性距离的波段选择算法。将高光谱数据中每个波段的光谱分量看作一个一维向量,使用K-L散度表示其相互之间的信息量,选出信息量大且相似性最小的波段组合;根据每个波段中不同地物光谱可分性距离的计算,得到可分性较大的波段组合;将两组波段组合取交集,即得到最优组合波段。为了验证算法的有效性,将选出的最佳3个波段进行伪彩色合成,对其进行光谱角制图分类,分类精度达到92.2%,Kappa系数为0.88.     

Spectral Analysis of Transmission Echelon Grating Filters for Photonic Networks

This paper describes a method of analyzing spectral behavior that allows transmission echelon grating filters to be designed for use in constructing photonic networks. These networks include dense wavelength division multiplexing systems and other such applications. First, the configuration and principle of this filter are described. Then, the transmittance spectrum of the transmission echelon grating filter is considered for incident lights with rectangular, Gaussian, and sinc electric field distributions. Next, a more realistic spectral response is considered by taking reasonable fabrication errors into account. Finally, the group delay and the transmittance of linearly chirped echelon grating filters are analyzed to access their potential for use as a wavelength dispersion equalizer. These analytical results make it possible to design practical echelon grating filters.     

光照光谱功率分布的估计和颜色分割

提出了应用有限维线性模型和双色反射模型和双色反射模型抽表示而物体颜色的本征特性的方法，首先估计出光照的光谱功率分布，再获取物体的表面光谱反射率，从而得到和光照与几何条件无关的归一化偏差光谱反射率，它仅反映物体的表面反射特性，可作为颜色分割和识别的可靠特征。     

超高分辨率光谱定标技术发展概况

介绍了高光谱分辨率光谱定标经常采用的几种技术手段,包括谱线灯法、单色准直光法、利用可调谐激光器和气体吸收池的方法等。通过对比几种国外高光谱分辨率大气痕量气体探测仪的光谱定标技术,阐述了不同光谱定标技术的原理、实施方法以及技术特点。针对大气痕量气体探测遥感器超高分辨率光谱定标的特点,指出定标设备的带宽应能达到0．001nm的水平,同时还应考虑采取优化定标算法、结合多种光谱定标方法等措施来满足高光谱分辨率大气痕量气体探测仪光谱定标的要求。     

Prediction method for listening score and psychological impression taking into account hearing loss due to factors such as aging

This paper considers how the listening scores obtained for audio signals and psychological impressions for speech audibility change when factors such as hearing loss due to aging are taken into account. Concretely, frequency filters for simulating hearing loss due to factors such as aging are first prepared. Next, psychological listening experiments are conducted in which both the audio signal and the noise passing through the above-mentioned filters are transmitted to subjects with normal hearing. Using the observed experimental data, the relationships between the weighted-mean spectral distance and the listening scores of the audio signals and psychological impressions with respect to speech audibility are investigated. Next, based on these relationships, problems associated with the prediction of listening scores of audio signals and psychological impressions with respect to speech audibility are discussed. The predicted results are in good agreement with the observed values.     

CsI光阴极在10-100 keV X射线能区的响应灵敏度计算

为了满足10-100 keV高能X射线光电探测器研究的需要,对CsI光阴极在该能量范围的响应灵敏度进行了研究.基于高能量X射线光子与材料相互作用的物理过程,分析了康普顿散射等效应对CsI响应灵敏度的影响.推导了CsI的响应灵敏度与二次电子平均逃逸深度和光阴极厚度的关系式和二次电子平均逃逸深度与入射光子能量的关系式,计算了CsI在10-100 keV范围内的响应灵敏度,计算结果与实验测试数据相符,验证了分析与推导的可靠性.根据计算可以获得不同入射X射线能量下CsI光阴极的最佳厚度,从而为高能X射线光电探测器的设计优化提供了理论参考.     

The Marple algorithm for the autoregressive spectral estimates of the SMMW fourier transform spectroscopy data

The Marple algorthm for the autoregressive spectral estimates has been applied to the SMMW Fourier transform spectrum analysis. The experimental results have shown that this method yields AR spectra with three times higher resolution than the FFT method does. The improvements obtained from the Marple algorithm over the maximum entropy algorithm include higher resolution, less bias in the spectral peak frequency estimation and absence of observed spectral line splitting. The effects of the structure of the spectral lines and the noise on the resolution are discussed.Projects supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Heralded generation of ultrafast single photons in pure quantum States

We present an experimental demonstration of heralded single photons prepared in pure quantum states from a parametric down-conversion source. It is shown that, through controlling the modal structure of the photon pair emission, one can generate pairs in factorable states and thence eliminate the need for spectral filters in multiple-source interference schemes. Indistinguishable heralded photons were generated in two independent spectrally engineered sources and Hong-Ou-Mandel interference observed between them without spectral filters. The measured visibility of 94.4% sets a minimum bound on the mean photon purity.     

膜厚监控系统的光谱宽度对窄带滤光片性能的影响

讨论了膜厚监控系统的光谱宽度对波分复用窄带滤光片特性的影响,分析了监控过程中所出现的信号异常现象,其主要原因是控制光光谱宽度以及控制波长与滤光片中心波长不一致,所以控制光光谱分辨率必须小于单个法布里-珀罗滤光片最后2层膜折转点波长宽度的一半,即对100GHz的滤光片,监控系统的光谱宽度必须小于0．2nm。一旦产生中心波长偏离,就必定产生厚度控制误差。讨论了高折射率膜和低折射率膜的信号变化规律,发现当中心波长比监控波长长时,虽然信号变化规律正确,但判读到极值时的膜厚变薄。中心波长偏离越长,厚度将越薄。而当中心波长比监控波长短时,信号将出现反转。中心波长越短,反转量越大。最后指出了监控误差对滤光片Tmax和半峰全宽的影响。