底部加热的低Prandtl数流体自然对流换热的分岔

本文用具有QUICK方案的SIMPLE算法对底部加热的低Prandtl数流体自然对流换热进行了数值计算,研究了这种流动与换热问题数值解的分岔问题。计算发现,在2200相似文献   

ADS无窗靶件自由界面流动非稳态特性研究

加速器驱动次临界系统(ADS)无窗靶件设计的重点之一,是研究冷却剂自由界面形成和控制机理。本文使用水作为模拟工质,对无窗靶件模型的自由界面非稳态特征进行了实验研究并进行了数值模拟。采用激光诱导荧光方法对自由界面流场进行了可视化研究,得到了高雷诺数下的自由界面和可视化流场信息。可在高雷诺工况流场中可观察到大尺度非稳态涡结构,随着自由界面的波动,涡结构表现出几种典型的瞬态特征。采用大涡模型(LES)湍流模型结合自由界面追踪方法(VOF)对无窗靶件实验工况进行了数值模拟,计算能较好地模拟实验中所得的流场现象和界面特征。     

不同压力下介质阻挡放电等离子体诱导流场演化的实验研究

采用粒子图像测速技术, 获得了不同环境压力下介质阻挡放电等离子体诱导流场启动涡随时间的演化规律和诱导流场分布的变化规律. 实验表明: 不同环境压力下, 诱导流场都会出现启动涡, 压力较高, 启动涡逐渐向右即向植入电极一侧扩散并最终消失, 扩散速度随时间递减, 压力较小, 诱导漩涡不会随放电时间的增大而消失; 环境压力减小, 等离子体诱导流场的启动时间减小, 诱导流场的法向分量增强、横向分量减弱, 诱导流线形状的变化规律是:L→U→V, L 型流线没有诱导漩涡, U 型流线有两个诱导旋涡, 分别分布在U 型凹槽和右侧, V 型流线有一个诱导漩涡, 分布在V 中间. 关键词： 介质阻挡放电 诱导流场 启动涡 演化     

超声速混合层涡结构内部流体的密度分布特性

在使用大涡模拟方法获得超声速混合层流场的基础上,利用拉格朗日相干结构法和涡核位置提取方法,得到了涡结构的边界和涡核的位置坐标,并由此提出了涡结构内部流体密度分布的表示方法.通过分析涡结构内部流体的密度在不同情况(如涡结构的空间尺寸、混合层流场的压缩性和涡结构的融合过程)下的变化,揭示出超声速混合层涡结构内部流体的密度分布特性:在弱和中等压缩性的超声速混合层流场中,其涡结构内部流体的密度分布既关于流向(x轴)对称又关于纵向(y轴)对称,涡核处的流体密度最低而涡边界处的流体密度最高,流体密度在连接涡核与涡边界的射线上单调且近似均匀地增加;在强压缩性的超声速混合层流场中,其涡结构内部流体的密度分布不再具有对称性,而且流体密度呈现波动变化的特点;随着涡结构空间尺寸和流场压缩性的增加,涡核处的流体密度降低(最大减少量约为31%—56%),而涡边界的流体密度变化量约为6%—27%;在相邻两个涡结构的融合过程中,涡结构内部流体密度的变化较轻微,表明融合过程很可能是两个涡结构内部流体的对等组合过程.     

封闭圆内开缝圆自然对流的非线性特性研究

本文通过数值计算对封闭圆内开缝圆自然对流的非线性特性进行了研究。数值计算以整个流场为计算区域,采用非稳态数学模型和具有QUICK差分格式的SIMPLE算法。计算结果表明,在不同参数下流动和换热存在稳态定常解、周期性振荡解、拟周期性振荡解和非周期性振荡解。稳态定常解的相图是一个点;周期性振荡解的相图是一个极限环,对应功率谱含一个基频及其谐波;拟周期性振荡解的相图为环面,对应功率谱含两个不相关的频率及它们的线性组合频率;非周期性振荡解的功率谱为无规则的宽带连续谱。     

用Lattice Boltzmann方法模拟1/4圆腔内的定常层流运动

分析格子Boltzmann方法中二阶精度的曲线边界处理方法.应用格子Boltzmann方法及其边界处理方法模拟1/4圆腔内的定常层流运动,引入流线图和等涡线图分析流场随Re数的变化.并且发现当Re数在10~100区间内变化时,随着Re数的增大,顺时针旋转流场的涡心位置偏离x轴的角度逐渐减小,而逆时针旋转流场的涡心位置偏离x轴的角度却越来越大.     

基于OpenFOAM的风力机致动线模型研究

致动模型是一种较新的CFD计算模型,通过在N-S方程添加源项的形式模拟叶片对流场的作用,减少了网格数量和计算时间。在OpenFoam平台上对比了两种风力机尾流预测模型,包括PISO求解的致动线模型和多重参考稳态求解的CFD实体模型。进而数值研究了NREL 5 MW风力机在均匀来流中的近尾流区流场特性,结合大涡模型和致动线模型,通过对不同风速下尾流的流场特性分析,包括涡结构、尾流速度亏损、拟涡能等,验证了致动线模型的准确性,为近场尾流研究提供有利参考。     

雷诺数为15 000方腔环流的基准解和周期性分析

采用边界拟合法，结合基于结构网格的四叉树加密方法生成的高质量非均匀网格，研究雷诺数为15 000方腔环流周期性演化.利用傅里叶分析和相空间轨迹等方法研究流场演化的周期性行为以及流场动能的空间分布，确定周期性流动的基频和相对应的周期.研究发现：流场周期演化过程中，在主涡低频背景下，靠近方腔壁面、左上角、左下角以及右下角的高阶次涡具有高频演化规律.给出流场处于两种特征状态时的流场基准解.     

气固两相平面混合层的直接数值模拟

本文采用直接数值模拟(DNS)方法研究了气固两相混合层的涡量场和颗粒扩散,分析了湍流混合层中涡结构的卷起和配对过程,并讨论了大尺度涡结构的配对过程对平均速度、雷诺应力的影响。同时分析了混合层中不同Stokes数的颗粒在涡结构的作用下的混合和扩散。结果显示Stokes数为1的颗粒主要分布在流场大尺度涡结构的外边界,而Stokes数为0.01在涡结构的作用下,在流场中充分混合。     

拟涡位移模型及气粒两相流动数值模拟

本文首先用离散涡方法对绕圆柱和半无限长平板的流动作了数值模拟。在讨论粒子和涡团耦合运动的基础上首次提出了粒子在流场中运动的拟涡位移模型，并对几个典型的气粒两相流动作了数值模拟。文章最后对流场中粒子运动的瞬时状态作了统计处理，得到了关于粒子在流场中分布的概率密度函数和粒子脉动速度的分布函数并用拟涡位移模型对壁面附近粒子的运动－沉积和反弹作了数值模拟。计算结果是令人满意的。     

Influence of shear viscosity on the correlation between the triangular flow and initial spatial triangularity

In a hydrodynamic model, with fluctuating initial conditions, the correlation between triangular flow and initial spatial triangularity is studied. The triangular flow, even in ideal fluid, is not strongly correlated with the initial triangularity. The correlation is largely reduced in viscous fluid. Elliptic flow on the other hand appears to be strongly correlated with initial eccentricity. Weak correlation between triangular flow and initial triangularity indicates that a part of triangular flow is unrelated to initial triangularity. Triangularity acquired during the fluid evolution also contributes to the triangular flow.     

An experimental study of the effects of pulsating and steady internal fluid flow on an elastic tube subjected to external vibration

The results of an experimental study on both pulsating and steady Newtonian fluid flow in an initially stretched rubber tube subjected to external vibration are reported. A circulating loop system was designed to maintain constant hydrostatic pressure throughout the tests so that the influence of external excitation on the fluid flow could be properly distinguished. The effects of fluid flow velocity and initial stretch rates on the dynamic response and damping of the tube conveying fluid were examined, and it was observed that damping ratios increase with increasing flow velocities, and generally decrease with increasing initial stretch rates for the tube conveying fluid. It was also noted that dynamic responses increase with increasing initial stretch rates, and decrease with increasing flow velocities. The effect of external vibration on fluid flow rates is small in a tube with a thickness-to-radius ratio (D_out−D_in)/D_in=0.617. Fluid pressures vary, in terms of frequency and amplitude, with external vibration as well as Womersley number.     

On MHD transient flow of a Maxwell fluid in a porous medium and rotating frame

Analytic solution for unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow is constructed in a rotating non-Newtonian fluid through a porous medium. Constitutive equations for a Maxwell fluid have been taken into consideration. The hydromagnetic flow in the uniformly rotating fluid is generated by a suddenly moved infinite plate in its own plane. Analytic solution of the governing flow problem is obtained by means of the Fourier sine transform. It is shown that the obtained solution satisfies both the associate partial differential equation and the initial and boundary conditions. The solution for a Navier-Stokes fluid is recovered if λ→0. The steady state solution is also obtained for t→∞.     

叶片尾缘内冷通道中最佳强化传热的针肋排列结构研究

本文应用湍流模型对涡轮叶片尾缘针肋通道的换热与流动进行了二维数值模拟研究。为了研究通道内针肋排列 方式对换热与流动的影响,对三种不同的针肋排列方式的通道进行了数值模拟计算。比较了顺排和叉排的区别,并提出了 一种沿流向叉排的针肋排列方式,且对各种排列的传热和阻力特性进行了综合分析和比较。     

微扩张管道内幂律流体非定常电渗流动

研究了电渗驱动下幂律流体在有限长微扩张管道内非稳态流动特性.基于Ostwald-de Wael幂律模型,采用高精度紧致差分离散二维Poisson-Nernst-Planck方程及修正的Cauchy动量方程,数值模拟了初始及稳态时刻微扩张管道内幂律流体电渗流流场分布情况,研究了管道截面改变对幂律流体无量纲剪切应变率及无量纲表观黏度的影响,以及无量纲表观黏度对拟塑性流体与胀流型流体流速分布的影响.数值模拟结果显示,当扩张角和无量纲电动宽度一定时,电场驱动下的幂律流体在近壁区域速度响应都很快;初始时刻,近壁处表观黏度的变化受到剪切应变率变化的影响,从而影响了三种幂律流体速度峰值的分布,出现拟塑性流体流速在扩张段上游及扩张段近壁处速度峰值均为幂律流体中最大、而在扩张段下游三种幂律流体速度峰值相近的现象;稳态时刻,幂律流体速度剖面呈现塞型分布,且满足连续性条件下,幂律流体流速随扩张管半径增大而减小,牛顿流体流动规律与宏观尺度下流动规律相同;初始时刻,在相同电动宽度、不同壁面电势作用下,幂律流体在扩张管近壁处剪切应变率分布的差异导致表观黏度分布的差异,并最终导致拟塑性流体与胀流型流体流速分布的差异.     

温度敏感型磁流体热磁对流特性研究

建立了描述外磁场作用下温度敏感型磁流体热磁对流特性的数学模型,数值模拟了回路中热磁对流的流动与传热特性.搭建了磁流体热磁对流回路装置,采用粒子示踪测速技术(PIV)测量了磁流体的流速,用热电偶测量了磁流体的温度分布.通过实验值和数值模拟结果,分析了不同磁场大小、不同热负荷,以及不同冷却温度下回路的运行特性.     

Elliptic flow in an integrated (3+1)d microscopic + macroscopic approach with fluctuating initial conditions

The elliptic flow excitation function calculated in a Boltzmann approach with an intermediate hydrodynamic stage for heavy-ion reactions from GSI-SIS to the highest CERN-SPS energies is discussed in the context of the experimental data. The specific setup with initial conditions and freeze-out from a non-equilibrium transport model allows for a direct comparison between ideal fluid dynamics and hadronic transport simulations. At higher SPS energies, where the pure transport calculation cannot account for the high elliptic flow values, the smaller mean free path in the hydrodynamic evolution leads to higher elliptic flow values. The lower mean free path leads to higher pressure gradients in the early stage and as a consequence to higher elliptic flow values even without a phase transition. Special emphasis is put on the influence of the initial conditions on the results of the hybrid model calculation. Event-by-event fluctuations are directly taken into account via event-wise non-equilibrium initial conditions generated by the primary collisions and string fragmentations in the microscopic UrQMD model. This leads to non-trivial velocity and energy density distributions for the hydrodynamical initial conditions. Due to the more realistic initial conditions and the incorporated hadronic rescattering the results are in line with the experimental data almost over the whole energy range from E _lab=2–160A GeV.     

Directed flow from global symmetry and initial state Fluctuations

Collective flow is studied in a 3+1D fluid dynamical model with globally symmetric, peripheral initial conditions, taking into account the shear flow. At $\sqrt {s_{NN} } $ = 2.76 TeV in semi-peripheral Pb+Pb collisions this leads to rotation, while at more peripheral collisions with high resolution and low numerical viscosity, the initial development of a Kelvin-Helmholz instability is observed. This effect provides a precision tool for studying the viscosity of Quark-Gluon Plasma.     

Analysis of magnetohydrodynamic flow of a fractional viscous fluid through a porous medium

The aim of this paper is to investigate the exact general solutions of the incompressible viscous fluid flow by using the time-fractional Caputo–Fabrizio derivative. The flow of the fluid is subject to the motion of a plane wall, embedded in a porous medium under the influence of magnetic field. The corresponding non-dimensional governing fractional differential equation with appropriate initial and boundary conditions is solved by means of integral transforms namely, Laplace and Fourier transforms. Solutions are expressed as a sum of steady and transient parts, for the sinusoidal oscillations of the plane wall. The influence of involved physical parameters are discussed graphically. Specifically, it has been observed that the effective permeability K_eff reduces the time taken to reach the steady state.     

等热流条件下潜热型功能热流体换热强化机理研究

本文分析了潜热型功能热流体强化换热的物理机制，并基于等效比热模型，对等热流条件下圆管内该类流体层流流动换热强化的各因素进行了敏感性分析．同时，改进了内部流动传统的Ｎμ定义，使之能更有效地表征功能热流体换热强化程度