光纤Bragg光栅非线性开关动态特性研究

基于光纤Bragg光栅中脉冲演变遵循的非线性耦合模方程,数值分析了光纤Bragg光栅在禁带附近由非线性光学特性导致的Bragg波长偏移。仿真结果表明：随着输入信号功率的增大,光栅的布拉格波长向长波方向移动,反射峰值下降,反射带宽变窄。进一步研究了基于此效应的全光自开关特性,结果表明：此开关的稳定时间短,并且输出脉冲形状保持良好。因此,这种具有高非线性系数的光纤光栅实现的全光开关在全光信号处理方面具有广泛的应用前景。     

基于高非线性光子晶体光纤Sagnac环形镜的全光开关

设计了一种新颖的、低开关功率的全光开关. 将高非线性光子晶体光纤和双向抽运掺饵光纤放大器引入Sagnac环形镜内，破坏了环形镜的对称性，利用交叉相位调制作用使反向传输的两路信号光产生非线性相移，从而实现开关效应. 理论分析表明：开关功率与放大器的增益倍数和光子晶体光纤非线性系数的积成反比，在实验中所得开关功率约40 mW，消光比约为15.9 dB，并且信号光透过率随脉冲控制光峰值功率呈余弦变化，实验结果与理论分析相吻合. 关键词： 全光开关 高非线性光子晶体光纤 环形镜 交叉相位调制     

包含掺铒光纤和微结构光纤的光纤环镜光开关

设计了一种低开关功率的全光开关.将掺铒光纤和微结构光纤引入Sagnac环镜中,信号光在泵浦光作用下经过掺铒光纤被放大,破坏了环镜的平衡,利用交叉相位调制效应使两束反向传输的信号光产生非线性相移,实现了光开关效应.理论分析表明:信号光经过掺铒光纤后,增益越大微结构光纤的非线性系数越高,开关功率越低,并且环镜信号光的透射率...     

基于自相位调制和交叉相位调制的全光开关特性研究

提出一种优化含有掺铒光纤放大器的非线性Sagnac干涉仪全光开关的新方法,建立了基于自相位调制和交叉相位调制两种解析模型,讨论了掺铒光纤放大器的小信号增益和饱和输出功率对开关性能的影响.分析表明掺铒光纤放大器的性能参量对开关所需要的Sagnac环中光子晶体光纤长度产生限制.当采用相同长度的光子晶体光纤时,基于交叉相位调制方式的全光开关与基于自相位调制方式的全光开关相比能够显著降低开关功率.采用分布傅里叶法数值求解非线性薛定谔方程,优化了开关结构,讨论了重复频率为40 GHz脉宽为5 ps的高斯型信号脉冲在开关时沿Sagnac环的传输特性.模拟结果表明,通过合理选择高非线性光子晶体光纤长度和掺铒光纤放大器的性能参量能够实现超低开关功率（＜1 mW）的开关操作.     

基于长周期光纤光栅的FBG解调方法北大核心CSCD

研究了基于长周期光纤光栅(long-period fiber gratings,LPFG)的光纤布拉格光栅(fiber Bragg gratings,FBG)解调方法,该方法利用LPFG的透射谱作为边沿滤波器解调FBG,其解调性能主要取决于LPFG的透射光谱深度。详细分析了CO_(2)激光写制法对透射光谱的影响,制作了透射光谱深度为25 dB的LPFG,并采用该光栅搭建了FBG解调装置,将FBG粘贴于金属应变片表面,测试了其静态与动态响应特征。实验结果表明:该方法制作简单,成本低,具有较好的线性动态范围,可以实现较高灵敏度的FBG解调。     

包含掺铒光纤和微结构光纤的光纤环镜光开关

设计了一种低开关功率的全光开关.将掺铒光纤和微结构光纤引入Sagnac环镜中,信号光在泵浦光作用下经过掺铒光纤被放大,破坏了环镜的平衡,利用交叉相位调制效应使两束反向传输的信号光产生非线性相移,实现了光开关效应.理论分析表明:信号光经过掺铒光纤后,增益越大微结构光纤的非线性系数越高,开关功率越低,并且环镜信号光的透射率随两束反向传输信号光的相移差成余弦变化.仿真得到开关功率约为26.73 mW,与理论分析一致.     

双长周期光栅调制的光纤光栅光谱分析及其在智能结构监测中的应用

提出一种双长周期光栅(LPFG)调制光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)传感器光谱的方法。双LPFG是由两个中心波长一致的LPFG构成,FBG反射光谱位于双LPFG透射光谱的线性范围内。在对FBG及双LPFG光谱分析的基础上,利用双LPFG的带阻滤波特性,获得FBG反射光经双LPFG调制后的出射光谱并进行分析。将FBG粘贴于钢梁表面,当钢梁产生弯曲应变时,FBG光谱的中心波长发生偏移,经双LPFG调制的FBG光谱的峰值随之变化,引起双LPFG出射光强的变化。采用光电探测器监测经双LPFG调制后FBG的输出光强,得滤波后光强与FBG中心波长变化成线性关系,可探测的材料(钢梁)最小应变为1.05 με。将该方案应用于光纤智能结构冲击监测中,采用摆锤冲击法对四边固支碳纤维板(CFP)试件进行冲击,利用FBG测量板结构的冲击响应信号,系统采集到的动态信号时域波形及频谱与电涡流位移计的测量结果吻合得很好, 实验结果表明采用该调制、解调方案测量结构的冲击响应是可行的。研究结果为FBG在光纤智能结构动态监测领域提供了实验参考。     

长周期光纤光栅实时监测复合材料固化研究

作为一种新型的光纤实时传感系统,长周期光纤光栅(Long-period Fiber Grating,LPFG)传感器受到了越来越多的关注,采用长周期光纤光栅(Long-period Fiber Grating,LPFG)传感器监测树脂传递模型(Resin Transfer Molding,RTM)工艺的流动前沿,研究了各种工艺条件对LPFG损耗波峰的影响,探讨了LPFG在RTM工艺中的应用情况.     

若干新型微纳光子学器件研究

光子晶体和纳米光纤是两种重要的微纳光子学材料,各自具有非常独特的控制光子传输状态的功能,是研究微纳尺度下光与物质相互作用的重要平台,也是实现新型微纳光子学器件的重要基础.文章简要介绍了超快速低功率光子晶体全光开关、纳米光纤传感器、干涉器和介质-金属纳米线复合结构器件的研究进展.     

纳米光子学全光开关研究进展

全光开关是全光网络和数字光信息处理的基本器件,该器件主要基于非线性光学原理．自激光发明以来,对该器件的研究已历时半个世纪．虽然全光开关的基础研究十分活跃,研究成果丰硕,但是至今尚未做出实用器件．文章分析了全光开关面临的困难,指出只有在极小的时空条件下,也就是采用飞秒激光驱动的纳米尺寸器件,才有可能研制出低开关功率、高开关速度、低插入损耗的实用的全光开关器件．文章简要介绍了近10年来纳米全光开关的研究成果,包括纳米尺寸干涉仪开关（空间开关）、量子限制光双稳触发器（时间开关）、半导体光放大器的波长转换器（波长开关）、光子晶体带隙移动开关和表面等离子体激元开关（强度开关）等5类16种典型的纳米全光开关器件．     

液晶自适应光学的研究进展

概述了中科院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所(长春光机所)在液晶自适应光学方面的研究进展。针对液晶自适应光学技术存在的能量利用率低和校正频率慢的两大国际难题,液晶自适应光学研究组采取了一系列有效措施,不但攻克了能量利用率低的难题,且在校正频率方面也取得了质的飞跃。目前,系统能量利用率已从最初的5%提高到85%,基本和变形镜自适应光学系统的能量利用率相当;校正频率也从5 Hz提高到140 Hz,接近了校正大气湍流的实用化水平。利用该研究成果,分别研制了针对中科院国家天文台2.16 m望远镜和长春光机所1.2 m望远镜的液晶自适应光学系统并对恒星进行了有效校正,使1.2 m望远镜对恒星的分辨能力提高至约3倍衍射极限。     

Laser Trimming for Adjustment of Grating Offset in Phase-Shifted Fiber Grating Coupler for All-Optical Switching Application

We theoretically investigated laser trimming to adjust grating offset in phase-shifted fiber grating coupler (FGC) for all-optical switching application. It was clarified that the trimming made the extinction ratio higher in all-optical FGC switch.     

Terahertz bandwidth all-optical Hilbert transformers based on long-period gratings

A novel, all-optical design for implementing terahertz (THz) bandwidth real-time Hilbert transformers is proposed and numerically demonstrated. An all-optical Hilbert transformer can be implemented using a uniform-period long-period grating (LPG) with a properly designed amplitude-only grating apodization profile, incorporating a single π-phase shift in the middle of the grating length. The designed LPG-based Hilbert transformers can be practically implemented using either fiber-optic or integrated-waveguide technologies. As a generalization, photonic fractional Hilbert transformers are also designed based on the same optical platform. In this general case, the resulting LPGs have multiple π-phase shifts along the grating length. Our numerical simulations confirm that all-optical Hilbert transformers capable of processing arbitrary optical signals with bandwidths well in the THz range can be implemented using feasible fiber/waveguide LPG designs.     

Figure Measurement of Concave Mirror by Fiber-Grating Hartmann Test

A new type of Hartmann test was developed using an optical fiber grating instead of the traditional Hartmann screen with multiple holes. A fiber-grating is made of short optical fibers arranged in single layers with no gaps between them. On illumination with laser light, the fiber-grating generates fan-like diverging multiple rays of almost equivalent intensities. Two gratings are overlapped at right angles to make multiple beams diverging in two directions. Rays reflected from test mirror surfaces converge to make a point focus provinding the sulface is free from aberrations. A CCD camera detects a spot pattern of beams near but out of focus, and a personal computer analyzes the spot patterns and calculates the figure error from a ideal surface. A few concave mirrors were analyzed by this method and the results compared with those obtained with a Fizeau interferometer. The data using the two systems were consistent with each other to within 1/10A.     

Design of all-optical temporal differentiator using a Moir fiber grating

We design and demonstrate an all-optical temporal differentiator based on a simple Moir fiber grating operated in reflection. The simulation results prove that a single Moir fiber grating with only one π-phase shifted point can act as the first-order temporal differentiator and that a Moir fiber grating incorporating two symmetrical π-phase shifted points can act as the second-order temporal differentiator. A practical Moir fiber grating is fabricated, thereby proving that such a grating can act as the first-order temporal differentiator. Our results verify the feasibility, flexibility, and accuracy of the proposed method.     

增益半导体光放大器的特性

为满足半导体光放大器（SOA）在光纤到户FTTH系统接入网中的广泛应用,提出了基于光纤光栅外腔反馈型GC-SOA结构的全光增益机制,窄线宽激光光源经可变衰减器、隔离器和光纤光栅注入到SOA中,SOA的输出光经隔离器和光纤光栅送至光谱分析仪,通过光纤光栅反馈输入SOA形成钳制激光。对GC-SOA的阈值特性、增益特性及开关特性进行分析,结果表明:当注入电流小于GC-SOA的阈值电流时,增益随注入电流的增加而增加;当注入电流大于GC-SOA的阈值电流后,其增益不再随注入电流的变化而变化,实现了SOA的增益稳定,使SOA的饱和输出功率得到了提高。     

Tunable and reconfigurable microwave filter by use of a Bragg-grating-based acousto-optic superlattice modulator

We present an all-optical novel configuration for implementing multitap transversal filters by use of a broadband source sliced by fiber Bragg grating arrays generated by propagating an acoustic wave along a strong uniform fiber Bragg grating. The tunability and reconfigurability of the microwave filter are demonstrated.     

Second harmonic generations in aperiodic optical superlattices with finite width and in one-dimensional defective photonic crystals made of nonlinear optical materials

The characteristics of the second harmonic generations (SHGs) in homogeneous and inhomogeneous systems are investigated. We consider two kinds of structures: one is aperiodic optical superlattices (AOSs) with homogeneous linear susceptibility and the modulated second-order nonlinear susceptibility; the second is linear and nonlinear susceptibilities both the system with inhomogeneous. We derive a general solution of SHG for the AOS with finite lateral width and of SHG in considering the depletion of the pump light power. We carry out the design of AOSs by using simulation annealing (SA) algorithm and show that the constructed AOSs can implement multiple wavelength SHGs with identical effective nonlinear coefficient at the preassigned wavelengths of incident light. We observe great enhancement of SHGs in the one-dimensional photonic crystals (PCs) with defects consisting of multiple photonic quantum wells made of nonlinear material when the frequency of fundamental wave aims at one of the defect states. We also propose an effective design approach of aperiodically stacked layers of nonlinear material and air in terms of the SA method. The constructed structure can achieve multiple-wavelength SHGs at the preas-signed wavelengths.      

基于半导体光放大器和受激布里渊散射的全光非归零码时钟提取

利用半导体光放大器(SOA)的增益饱和特性、自相位调制(SPM)效应和啁啾光纤光栅(CFBG)的滤波和啁啾特性共同作用实现了10 Gbit/s非归零码(NRZ)信号的时钟分量增强。经过该结构的非归零光谱的时钟分量增强后,其时钟数据抑制比提高了12.9 dB。时钟分量增强后的信号经基于受激布里渊效应(SBS)的时钟提取结构后实现了对非归零信号的全光时钟提取。这种新型非归零全光时钟提取结构具有对数据速率及数据格式透明,低抖动,不受码型效应的影响等优点。