ICP-AES测定肉苁蓉及其提取物中矿质元素含量

采用ICP-AES法测定两种肉苁蓉及其提取物中11种矿质元素,结果表明：肉苁蓉中Mn,K,Ca,Mg,Na含量（μg·g-1）显著高于管花肉苁蓉,分别为17.70,16 278.03,1 947.25,1 662.76,106.79;肉苁蓉50%甲醇提取物中Fe,Cu,P含量为水提物的1.5倍、2.4倍、1.1倍,Mn,Zn,K,P,Mg,Na含量为100%甲醇提取物的3.8倍、1.2倍、1.6倍、2.3倍、2.2倍、1.1倍;管花肉苁蓉50%甲醇提取物中Cu和P含量为水提物的1.6倍和1.2倍,Mn,Zn,K,P,Mg,Na,Al含量为100%甲醇提取物的2.0倍、1.6倍、1.6倍、1.4倍、1.8倍、1.2倍、1.2倍;肉苁蓉和管花肉苁蓉内矿质元素在50%甲醇中的溶出率分别是60.79%～83.10%和44.58%～83.84%,且Mn, Zn, K, P, Ca, Na, Al的溶出率显著高于水和100%甲醇提取。此研究为高效利用肉苁蓉药材中的矿质元素提供了科学依据。     

蒜氨酸和甲基蒜氨酸的红外及拉曼光谱研究

利用傅里叶红外光谱和共聚焦显微拉曼光谱技术,比较分析了大蒜主要功能活性成分前体蒜氨酸和甲基蒜氨酸粉末纯品的红外和拉曼谱。在3 200～2 800 cm-1和1 700～200 cm-1波段检测到显著的红外和拉曼吸收峰,其中蒜氨酸在3 080,1 617,1 582,1 496,1 418,1 342,1 301,919 cm-1处有8个较强的红外吸收峰,以及在3 088,1 636,1 404,1 290,1 051,790,745,693,588 cm-1处有9个较强的拉曼振动峰,可作为蒜氨酸的特征峰;甲基蒜氨酸在1 644,1 481,1 395,1 370,1 233,1 068,1 004,892 cm-1处有8个较强的红外吸收峰,以及在1 644,1 310,1 073,1 011,998,893,846,702,676 cm-1处有9个较强的拉曼振动峰,可作为甲基蒜氨酸的特征峰。蒜氨酸和同系物甲基蒜氨酸的红外及拉曼光谱具有明显差异,红外及拉曼光谱技术为蒜氨酸及其同系物的快速、 简便的分析提供了方法。     

The Eighth Liquid Matter Conference

The Eighth Liquid Matter Conference (LMC8) was held at the Universit?t Wien from 6-10 September 2011. Initiated in 1990, the conferences of this series cover a broad range of highly interdisciplinary topics, ranging from simple liquids to soft matter and biophysical systems. The vast spectrum of scientific subjects presented and discussed at the LMC8 is reflected in the themes of the ten symposia: Ionic and quantum liquids, liquid metals Water, solutions and reaction dynamics Liquid crystals Polymers, polyelectrolytes, biopolymers Colloids Films, foams, surfactants, emulsions, aerosols Confined fluids, interfacial phenomena Supercooled liquids, glasses, gels Non-equilibrium systems, rheology, nanofluids Biofluids, active matter This special issue contains scientific papers, authored by participants of the LMC8, which provide a cross-section of the scientific activities in current liquid matter science, as discussed at the conference, and demonstrate the scientific as well as methodological progress made in this field over the past couple of years. The Eighth Liquid Matter Conference contents The Eighth Liquid Matter ConferenceChristoph Dellago, Gerhard Kahl and Christos N Likos Comparing light-induced colloidal quasicrystals with different rotational symmetriesMichael Schmiedeberg and Holger Stark Hydrogen bond network relaxation in aqueous polyelectrolyte solutions: the effect of temperatureS Sarti, D Truzzolillo and F Bordi Equilibrium concentration profiles and sedimentation kinetics of colloidal gels under gravitational stressS Buzzaccaro, E Secchi, G Brambilla, R Piazza and L Cipelletti The capillary interaction between two vertical cylindersHimantha Cooray, Pietro Cicuta and Dominic Vella Hydrodynamic and viscoelastic effects in polymer diffusionJ Farago, H Meyer, J Baschnagel and A N Semenov A density-functional theory study of microphase formation in binary Gaussian mixturesM Carta, D Pini, A Parola and L Reatto Microcanonical determination of the interface tension of flat and curved interfaces from Monte Carlo simulationsA Tr?ster and K Binder Phase diagrams of particles with dissimilar patches: X-junctions and Y-junctionsJ M Tavares and P I C Teixeira The unbearable heaviness of colloids: facts, surprises, and puzzles in sedimentationRoberto Piazza, Stefano Buzzaccaro and Eleonora Secchi Exploring water and other liquids at negative pressureFrédéric Caupin, Arnaud Arvengas, Kristina Davitt, Mouna El Mekki Azouzi, Kirill I Shmulovich, Claire Ramboz, David A Sessoms and Abraham D Stroock The configurational space of colloidal patchy polymers with heterogeneous sequencesIvan Coluzza and Christoph Dellago Repeated sorption of water in SBA-15 investigated by means of in situ small-angle x-ray scatteringM Erko, D Wallacher, G H Findenegg and O Paris Transition of the hydration state of a surfactant accompanying structural transitions of self-assembled aggregatesM Hishida and K Tanaka The effects of topology on the structural, dynamic and mechanical properties of network-forming materialsMark Wilson Surface tension of an electrolyte-air interface: a Monte Carlo studyAlexandre Diehl, Alexandre P dos Santos and Yan Levin Water and other tetrahedral liquids: order, anomalies and solvationB Shadrack Jabes, Divya Nayar, Debdas Dhabal, Valeria Molinero and Charusita Chakravarty Diffusion coefficient and shear viscosity of rigid water modelsSami Tazi, Alexandru Bo?an, Mathieu Salanne, Virginie Marry, Pierre Turq and Benjamin Rotenberg Phase behaviour of colloidal assemblies on 2D corrugated substratesSamir El Shawish, Emmanuel Trizac and Jure Dobnikar Structural properties of dendrimer-colloid mixturesDominic A Lenz, Ronald Blaak and Christos N Likos Fluid-fluid demixing of off-critical colloid-polymer systems confined between parallel platesE A G Jamie, R P A Dullens and D G A L Aarts Simulations of nematic homopolymer melts using particle-based models with interactions expressed through collective variablesKostas Ch Daoulas, Victor Rühle and Kurt Kremer Smectic shellsTeresa Lopez-Leon, Alberto Fernandez-Nieves, Maurizio Nobili and Christophe Blanc Intrinsic profiles and the structure of liquid surfacesP Tarazona, E Chacón and F Bresme Competing ordered structures formed by particles with a regular tetrahedral patch decorationGünther Doppelbauer, Eva G Noya, Emanuela Bianchi and Gerhard Kahl Heterogeneous crystallization in colloids and complex plasmas: the role of binary mobilitiesH L?wen, E Allahyarov, A Ivlev and G E Morfill Isotope effects in water as investigated by neutron diffraction and path integral molecular dynamicsAnita Zeidler, Philip S Salmon, Henry E Fischer, J?rg C Neuefeind, J Mike Simonson and Thomas E Markland Confined cubic blue phases under shearO Henrich, K Stratford, D Marenduzzo, P V Coveney and M E Cates Depletion-induced biaxial nematic states of boardlike particlesS Belli, M Dijkstra and R van Roij Active Brownian motion tunable by lightIvo Buttinoni, Giovanni Volpe, Felix Kümmel, Giorgio Volpe and Clemens Bechinger Structure and stability of charged clustersMark A Miller, David A Bonhommeau, Christopher J Heard, Yuyoung Shin, Riccardo Spezia and Marie-Pierre Gaigeot Non-equilibrium relaxation and tumbling times of polymers in semidilute solutionChien-Cheng Huang, Gerhard Gompper and Roland G Winkler Thermophoresis of colloids by mesoscale simulationsDaniel Lüsebrink, Mingcheng Yang and Marisol Ripoll Computing the local pressure in molecular dynamics simulationsThomas W Lion and Rosalind J Allen Gradient-driven fluctuations in microgravityA Vailati, R Cerbino, S Mazzoni, M Giglio, C J Takacs and D S Cannell.     

基于光谱和成像技术的果蔬质量检测研究进展

为保证食品安全和消费者健康,无损检测技术广泛应用于果蔬质量检测中。光谱和图像技术可分别获取果蔬的内部和外部信息,成为质量检测的有效工具。为跟踪国内外研究进展并分析研究现况,从果蔬外部品质(尺寸、形状、表面缺陷、颜色、纹理等)、内部品质(内部缺陷、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、水分、类胡萝卜素等单一品质及综合品质)、成熟度、货架期/贮藏期、产品溯源、生长监测、安全(农药残留、病虫和细菌侵染、转基因产品等)检测及光学系统设计等方面综述了光谱和成像技术的应用,分析了存在的图谱库不完善、解混处理算法复杂、高精度和便携式的光学系统开发力度不够、校正模型的影响因素复杂等问题。然后,归纳了发展趋势,指出了各组分可视化分析及交互作用机理解析、光与果蔬组织的交互作用机理分析和光学特性参数反演等光学特性分析、科学合理的综合评价体系的建立、新算法的应用和多种算法的联合使用、不同算法的可靠性和稳定性的提高、稳定和普适模型的建立、低成本和便携式等光学分析仪器的商品化开发和商业化应用等成为进一步探索的方向,为基于光谱和成像技术的果蔬质量检测发展提供了参考。     

光谱及成像技术在果蔬损伤检测研究中的应用现状与展望

果蔬在收获、运输、贮藏、分拣、包装和销售过程中均会遭受不同程度的挤压、碰撞或摩擦,从而造成果蔬损伤,如挤伤、开裂、擦伤等外部损伤,同时,在生长过程中会产生黑心、水心、褐腐、霉心等内部损伤。果蔬损伤初期特征不明显,外观与正常果实基本无异,然而随着时间的推移,损伤组织恶化扩散,最终导致整个果实腐烂变质,又进而接触感染其他果实,造成周边甚至整箱果蔬病变,对果蔬产业造成巨大的经济损失。果蔬采后损伤检测方法多种多样,其中人工检测最为简单常用,但是该方法不仅耗时耗力,容易造成错判和漏判现象,而且无法实现肉眼不可见的皮下或内部损伤检测。近年来,随着计算机技术的快速发展,越来越多的无损检测技术被广泛应用于果蔬损伤检测,其中最为常用的当属光谱和成像技术。光谱成像技术通常结合图像处理、光谱分析、化学计量学方法、统计分析等手段,利用损伤果蔬和正常果蔬的图谱信号差异实现损伤检测,具有无损、快速等优点,能解决人工检测耗时耗力且准确率低的问题。在此主要概述了8种光谱及成像技术（近红外光谱、拉曼光谱、荧光光谱、高光谱成像、空间频域成像、核磁成像、X射线成像和热成像）在果蔬损伤检测的最新研究进展,包括检测原理及其技术特点,总结分析了各技术在果蔬损伤检测方面的应用情况,并展望未来发展趋势,以期为果蔬损伤无损检测提供借鉴与参考。     

中老年高血压患者血清中钾钠钙镁锌铜铁锰的含量分析

用原子吸收法对 4 8名高血压患者和 5 2名正常健康人进行血清中K ,Na ,Ca ,Mg ,Zn ,Cu ,Fe和Mn的测定。结果表明 ,患高血压组血清中Na ,Mg ,Zn ,Fe和Mn的水平含量均高于健康对照组 ,K ,Ca和Cu的水平含量均低于健康对照组。患高血压组血清Na/K比值均高于健康对照组 ,Ca/Mg ,Cu/Zn比值均低于健康对照组。建议 ,患者适当增补人体内K ,Ca,Mg和Cu的含量 ,减少Na的过多摄入 ,科学地控制Zn ,Fe和Mn的增加 ;注意体内Na/K ,Ca/Mg和Cu/Zn比值的平衡关系 ,降低Na/K比 ,提高Cu/Zn比 ,补Ca的同时一定要注意适当补充Mg ,有利于高血压病的预防和治疗。     

基于色彩参数和高光谱特征的针叶树种色素含量预估

光谱成像技术广泛应用于植物理化参数无损伤测定等领域研究,而色素与色彩参数相关性研究也有学者探索.但比较并优选分别以色彩参数值、光谱参数值作为自变量与色素含量拟合出的模型,还未见报道.本实验以5种针叶树种为研究对象,筛选蓝边幅值Db、黄边幅值Dy、红边幅值Dr、绿峰幅值Rg、红谷幅值Rr、蓝边面积SDb、黄边面积SDy、...     

XRF与ICP-MS法在福建省安溪县和华安县的铁观音茶中元素含量测定的应用研究

安溪是铁观音茶的源产地,茶叶总产值每年数亿元,但不同品质的铁观音茶价格参差不齐,市场上存在以次充好的现象。福建省安溪县和华安县为铁观音主要的茶产地,两县市的茶叶产量市场占有率较高,地理位置毗邻,但茶叶品质和风味各有不同,造成茶叶市场的困扰。铁观音中微量元素种类和含量的检测,对产地的溯源具有重要的意义。采用X射线荧光光谱无标样半定量分析法（XRF）和微波消解/电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）对福建省主要茶产区安溪县（感德、西坪、祥华）和华安县（良村、华丰、仙都）的30份铁观音进行元素含量对比分析。XRF法检测出两县茶样中存在的元素种类有K,Ca,S,P,Mg,Al,Si,Cl,Fe,Mn,Rb,Zn,Na和Sr,但含量上存在一定的差异。根据XRF法检测结果进行快速、准确稀释茶样用于ICP-MS法对比测定金属元素,优化样品前处理方法以满足痕量检测要求。对比发现当测定Ca,Mg,Al,Fe,Mn和Zn金属元素时,相关性系数R2在0.824 8~0.892 8,趋势线斜率在0.806 0~0.944 9,XRF法和ICP-MS法的可比性较好,说明检测这六种元素采用这两种方法皆适合。同1份安溪铁观音茶样采用XRF法的相对标准偏差皆＜6.0%,ICP-MS法的相对标准偏差皆＜3.0%。相对于ICP-MS法,XRF法前处理更简单,耗时少,因此需低成本、快速、简便检测茶样中的Ca,Mg,Al,Fe,Mn和Zn元素含量时,可选择XRF检测法。采用ICP-MS检测出的K,Ca,Mg,Al,Fe,Mn,Rb,Zn,Na和Sr金属元素进行逐步判别分析,通过建立Fisher判别模型对安溪县和华安县铁观音茶样实现有效区分,模型建立的判别函数的产地检验判别率为96.7%,交叉检验判别率为96.7%,对测试样品的识别正确率为100%。ICP-MS法检测金属元素结合逐步判别-Fisher判别分析,对安溪县和华安县铁观音茶样产地溯源具有较强的可行性。     

Integration of Hybrid Dendrimers and Their Generations for Modulated Spatio-Temporal Action

Hybrid dendrimers constitute a unique class of well-defined complex architecture featured with a central domain and bifurcated branches with two different dendritic sequences for their atomic configuration and functional groups at the periphery. This review article pioneers the field of new hybrid dendrimers using different generations by nanoconjugation with metals, carbohydrates, nucleotides, proteins/peptides, carbosilane, urea, silica, stem cells, guanidine, etc. The smart dendrimers contain desirable electrical, magnetic, optical, and biological attributes to increase surface area, monodisperse behavior, dose reduction, dissolution, permeability, long-term stability, and significant decrement in nanotoxicity studies. The higher encapsulation of lipid soluble and insoluble moieties explores an excellent platform for the delivery of drugs (ibuprofen, indomethacin, etc.), nucleic acids (oligonucleotide, siRNA, and aptamer), genetic materials , and chemical diagnostic agents (gadolinium chelates and superparamagnetic iron oxide particles) for imaging. Owing to their flexibility in structural adaptability, different health conditions like glaucoma, inflammation, microbial infection, neurodegenerative problems (Alzheimer's disease and Parkinsonism), and cancer are benefited using such long-lasting drug delivery. Advancements in molecular engineering techniques, 3D printing, artificial intelligence, robotic, green synthesis, and microwave-assisted methods aid in the development of economically reliable and personalized pharmaceutical hybrid dendritic systems resembling antibodies, globular proteins, stem cells, enzymes, and genetic materials.     

染发对头发中重金属含量的影响

化妆品和染发剂是重金属的污染源之一。应用ICP-MS对经常染发的人群头发中的重金属含量与不染发人群作了比较。结果显示,长期染发对头发中的重金属含量有明显影响,但是不同重金属变化不同。染发人群头发中重金属Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Cd和Sb含量明显增加,As,Cr,Zn,Ag,Pb和 Hg等重金属含量却明显减少。分析上述结果的原因可能是染发剂中含Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Cd和Sb偏多,含As,Cr,Zn,Ag,Pb和Hg等重金属少,而经常染发有可能影响人体对重金属As,Cr,Zn,Ag,Pb和Hg的代谢。     

环带钾长石、榍石和锆石的显微结构与微区组成特征分析

南秦岭沙河湾石英二长岩中的钾长石、榍石和锆石具有明显的成分环带。利用电子探针(EPMA)波谱仪(WDS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及其附带的能谱仪(EDS)和激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)对造岩矿物环带钾长石、榍石和锆石的显微结构与微区组成进行表征。结果表明：钾长石中K+被Na+,Ca2+,Ba2+,Fe2+和Ce3+不同程度替代。榍石中Ca2+被V3+,Ce3+和Ba2+等替代,Ti4+被Fe2+和Al3+等替代。锆石含Fe,Th,U,Nb,Ta,Y,Hf,Yb和Pb等稀土和微量元素。钾长石中元素浓度由高到低为Si,Al,K,Ca,Na,Mg和Ba,其中K和Na互补,较亮处Ba含量高,越靠近边缘,Si升高、K升高与Na降低趋势越明显。榍石中元素浓度由高到低为Ca,Si,Ti,Ba,V,Ce,Al和Fe,较亮处Fe含量较高。锆石中元素浓度由高到低为Zr,Si,Nd,Ce,Hf,U,Pb和Th,Hf与Zr呈明显的互补关系,核部Zr含量较边部高,核部Hf、U和Th含量较边部低。     

ICP-AES测定两种牡丹胚乳中的矿质元素

采用电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法测定了紫斑牡丹和滇牡丹胚乳样品中14种矿质元素（K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Li、Ni、B、Ag、Cd、Pb）含量。结果表明,各测试元素的校准曲线线性良好;两种牡丹胚乳中4种人体必需的常量元素K、Na、Ca、Mg及6种与人体健康和生命有关的必需元素Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ni、B含量丰富,3种对人体有害的微量元素Ag、Cd、Pb中,Ag与Cd均未被检出。表明两种牡丹胚乳矿质营养丰富,值得深入研究和开发利用。     

MAX 相陶瓷的结构、制备及物理性能研究

MAX 相陶瓷因具有独特的 MX 片层与A 片层交替堆叠的晶体结构,使其兼具金属和陶 瓷的优良特性,如良好的导热导电性、可加工性,同时具有良好的抗氧化性、耐腐蚀性以及耐 摩擦磨损等性能,具有非常广泛的应用前景。本文首先介绍了 MAX 相陶瓷材料的种类与晶体 结构,并简述了近几年新发现的 MAX 相陶瓷材料以及制备手段的发展动态。之后从 MAX 相 物理性能的角度出发,重点综述了几种典型 MAX 相陶瓷材料的弹性性能、电学性能、热学性 能、磁性能以及抗辐照性能的研究进展。此外,进一步介绍了MAX 相的二维衍生物 MXene 的 衍生过程、超导性以及其在电化学储能、催化领域的研究进展。最后,本文从探索 MAX 相材 料新结构的多样性、MAX 相物理性能及相关理论计算、MXene 二维材料以及相应的制备、表 征和应用等方面,展望了 MAX 相陶瓷材料的潜在研究方向及应用前景,为 MAX 相和 MXene 材料的深入研究提供了新的思路。     

同一产地黑木耳、白木耳元素组成的比较

收集了同一产地(贵州省贵阳市)的黑木耳、白木耳样品,采用X射线能谱仪(EDS)研究了样品的主要元素组成,采用红外光谱仪(IRS)分析了样品中存在的功能基团.经过微波消解或干灰化法处理后,采用电感耦合等离子体-发射光谱法(ICP-OES)、原子吸收光谱法(AAS)和原子荧光光谱法(AFS)测定样品中Al、As、B、Ba、...     

Solid‐State NMR Studies of Pharmaceutical Systems

Abstract

High‐and low‐resolution solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) applications to the study of pharmaceuticals are reviewed. Examples are shown involving the use of mono‐and bidimensional SSNMR techniques based on different nuclear interactions and the measurement of several nuclear parameters, such as chemical shifts, line widths, and relaxation times (T₁, T₂, T_1ρ). The systems investigated include pure active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), substances used as drug excipients, and solid dispersions formed by APIs and excipients, up to final drug formulations. The most important aspects treated concern structural, dynamic, and morphological properties, and, in particular, identification, characterization, and quantitation of polymorphs and related forms, conformational and crystalline packing behavior, amorphous phase properties and stability, effects of drug processing, molecular motions, API‐excipient and excipient‐excipient chemical and physical interactions, and phase mixing in heterophasic systems.     

Rice and Butterfly Wing Effect Inspired Low Drag and Antifouling Surfaces: A Review

In this article, a comprehensive overview of the reported rice and butterfly wing effect discovered by the authors is presented with the hope to attract and inspire others in the field. Living nature has inspired researchers for centuries to solve complex engineering challenges with much attention given to unique structures, materials, and surfaces. Such challenges include drag reducing and antifouling surfaces to save energy, lives, and money. Many flora and fauna exhibit low drag and antifouling characteristics, such as shark skin and lotus leaves, due to their hierarchical microstructured morphologies. The authors have reported that rice leaves and butterfly wings combine the shark skin (anisotropic flow leading to low drag) and lotus leaf (superhydrophobic and self-cleaning) effects, producing the so-called rice and butterfly wing effect. Such surfaces have been fabricated with photolithography, soft lithography, hot embossing, and coating techniques. Fluid drag, anti-biofouling, anti-inorganic fouling, contact angle, and contact angle hysteresis results are presented to understand the role of sample morphology. Conceptual modeling provides design guidance when developing novel low drag and antifouling surfaces for medical, marine, and industrial applications.     

对主动抛光盘在加工、测量状态下盘面的变形及提升的数学分析*

用主动抛光盘磨制非球面是一个动态的过程,必须保证在计算机控制下,主轴的移动、旋转。和抛光盘的旋转、倾斜、变形及升降,以及主镜的旋转都步调一致。推导出在模式中诸要点的位置、速度、加速度和时间的关系,并根据所加工的口径φ910mm,焦比为F／2的抛物面主镜参量和所用主动抛光盘的参量分析：1)主动抛光盘基板的变形特性。即它的变形量、变形的速度和加速度。以及近似公式与精确公式之间的差异;2)主动抛光盘背面的三个提升点运动规律。即它的升降量、升降的速度和加速度;3)主动抛光盘的变形量和它在差分变压器式线性微位移传感器(LVDT)测试架上所测得的测量量之间的关系;4)分析主动抛光盘的变形与提升的速度与加速度和抛光盘沿横梁的运动速度V1以及抛光盘自身的转速V2之间的关系和特性。此分析是主动抛光盘的数学基础,它为主动抛光盘的机械和电控设计提供了技术依据,为实现计算机控制下的6轴联动提供了保证。     

火焰原子吸收法测定栽培小茴香中13种金属元素含量

采用先灰化、再用硝酸-高氯酸(φ 4∶1)常压微沸条件下消解小茴香样品,应用火焰原子吸收法测定栽培小茴香中的金属元素Na,K,Mg,Ca,Cu,Zn,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cd,Cr和Pb含量,研究了测定不同元素的仪器最佳工作条件,并作了方法的准确性和精密度考察。结果表明,栽培小茴香中Na,K,Mg,Ca,Mn,Fe,Cu,Zn和Pb含量分别为1 508.7,27 653.0,2 036.0,4 848.1,24.8,323.5,15.2,23.7和10.8 μg·g-1;Ni,Co,Cd和Cr未检出。方法的加标回收率为97.45%～102.50%, 相对标准偏差(n=9)为0.34%～2.77%。测定方法简单易行,方便快捷,结果令人满意。     

电感耦合等离子体光谱法测定新疆奎屯氟砷中毒患者尿中的14种元素含量的研究

建立一种用电感耦合等离子体光谱法测定氟中毒,氟砷联合中毒患者尿中的K,Na,Ca,Mg,P,Zn,Al,Ba,Co,Cu,Ni,Sr,Cr,Ti 14种元素含量的方法。研究了电感耦合等离子体光谱法的操作条件及各元素的检出限,精密度和线性范围,方法的相对标准偏差为0.24%～2.47%(n=10)。平均回收率为90.4%～100.5%。与健康对照组比较,氟中毒和氟砷联合中毒患者组尿中的K,Na的含量高于健康对照组;氟砷联合中毒患者尿液中的Ba,Co,Cu,Ni,Cr的含量比氟中毒组和对照组的要高,具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。P,Ca,Mg,Zn,Al,Ti,Sr三组间比较无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。方法灵敏,简单,重现性好,数据可靠。     

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE 2016 EDITION OF THE REVIEW OF PARTICLE PHYSICS

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology.Using data from previous editions,plus 3,062 new measurements from 721 papers,we list,evaluate,and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson,leptons,quarks,mesons,and baryons.We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles,heavy bosons,axions,dark photons,etc.All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables.We also give numerous tables,figures,formulae,and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics,Supersymmetry,Grand Unified Theories,Neutrino Mixing,Dark Energy,Dark Matter,Cosmology,Particle Detectors,Colliders,Probability and Statistics.Among the 117 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised,including new reviews on Pentaquarks and Inflation.