共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 250 毫秒
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研究了用一系列不同类型的分子筛催化剂催化转化制取低碳烯烃的过程,测试的催化剂包括HZSM-5、MCM-41、SAPO-
34和Y型分子筛.按照低碳烯烃的绝对收率和选择性,催化剂的活性排序为:HZSM-5>SAPO-34>MCM-41>Y型分子筛.研究表明,使用HZSM-5分子筛催化剂,获得的生物油最大低碳烯烃收率约为0.22 kg/(kg生物油),低碳烯烃的选择性约为50%,且生物油几乎实现完全转化.同时还研究了反应条件对生物油制低碳烯烃的影响.为了弄清催化剂结构与和低碳烯烃形成之间的关系,对相关催化剂进行了详细表征,对生物油热裂解和催化裂解过程进行了详细比较. 相似文献
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本文证明了在二氧化硅改性的分子筛催化作用下,生物质基多元醇(如山梨醇、木糖醇、赤藓糖醇、甘油和乙二醇)可以经过催化裂解、烷基化和异构化等反应,生成高附加值的化学品(对二甲苯).与HZSM-5分子筛催化剂相比,二氧化硅改性的分子筛降低了分子筛催化剂的外表面酸和孔径,从而显著的提高对甲苯的选择性和产率.本文详细讨论了催化剂、甲醇添加剂、反应温度和不同类型多元醇原料对对二甲苯选择性和产率的影响.甲醇的添加促进多元醇催化裂解中的烷基化反应,提高了二甲苯的产率.在15%SiO_2/HZSM-5催化剂作用下,对二甲苯的产率最高可达到10.9 C-mol%,对二甲苯在二甲苯中选择性达到91.1%.本文通过研究相关重要反应和催化剂特性,揭示了生物质基多元醇催化裂解制备对二甲苯的反应路径. 相似文献
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《化学物理学报》2019,(4)
本文证明了在二氧化硅改性的分子筛催化作用下,生物质基多元醇(如山梨醇、木糖醇、赤藓糖醇、甘油和乙二醇)可以经过催化裂解、烷基化和异构化等反应,生成高附加值的化学品(对二甲苯).与HZSM-5分子筛催化剂相比,二氧化硅改性的分子筛降低了分子筛催化剂的外表面酸和孔径,从而显著的提高对甲苯的选择性和产率.本文详细讨论了催化剂、甲醇添加剂、反应温度和不同类型多元醇原料对对二甲苯选择性和产率的影响.甲醇的添加促进多元醇催化裂解中的烷基化反应,提高了二甲苯的产率.在15%SiO_2/HZSM-5催化剂作用下,对二甲苯的产率最高可达到10.9 C-mol%,对二甲苯在二甲苯中选择性达到91.1%.本文通过研究相关重要反应和催化剂特性,揭示了生物质基多元醇催化裂解制备对二甲苯的反应路径. 相似文献
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本文在气相流动反应器中采用ZSM-5催化剂对水相选择性加氢生物油进行了催化裂解试验研究。主要考察了反应温度、质量空速、油分压和原料油组分含量对产物产率和选择性的影响。结果表明,选择性加氢生物油转化为石油化工用品(烯烃和芳香烃)的最优工况为:反应温度,600℃;质量空速,11.7 h-1;油分压,6693 Pa;油组分含量,12 5%。在此工况下,石油化工用品达到最高碳产率76 0%,其中烯烃57 6%,芳香烃18.4%。烯烃和芳香烃的产率及其主要成分的选择性可以根据市场的需求通过调节反应条件来改变。 相似文献
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本文在流化床上对玉米芯进行了快速热解制取生物油的试验研究.首先在非催化条件下考察了温度、气体流量、床高和物料粒径对热解产物产率的影响,得到了制取生物油的最优工况.在此工况下进行了催化热解试验,研究了FCC催化剂对热解产物产率和生物油品质的影响.结果表明,最优工况下生物油产率为56.8%.同未加催化剂相比,FCC催化剂的存在使得生物油中油组分和焦炭的产率降低,不凝结气体、水分和焦的产率增加.分级冷凝系统的应用较好的实现了重油、轻油和水的分离.对催化条件下第二级冷凝器收集的生物油分析表明,其油组分的氧含量和高位热值分别为13.64%和36.7 MJ/kg,具有很好的应用前景. 相似文献
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利用浸渍方法制备的Ni/HZSM-5催化剂在生物油低温水蒸汽重整合成中表现了较高的催化活性. 探讨了催化剂的组成、重整温度、水碳比例对重整过程的影响.在电催化重整研究中,发现催化剂上通过的电流可以显著地促进生物油水蒸汽重整.通过对不同负载量的Ni/HZSM-5催化剂和Ni20/Al2O3催化剂的催化活性的比较,NiO在催化剂中负载量为20%(Ni20/ZSM)时表现出了最高的催化活性; 即使在450 oC时, 在Ni20/ZSM催化剂上也可以达到碳转化率接近完全, 氢气产率约为90%的效果. 利用XRD、ICP/AES、H2-TPR、BET等表征手段对Ni/HZSM-5催化剂的形态和结构进行了表征. 相似文献
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制备出NiSAPO-34及NiSAPO-34/HZSM-5催化剂,考察了其对二甲醚催化转化制备低碳烯烃的性能.利用Cu/Zn/Al/HZSM-5和筛选出的2%NiSAPO-34/HZSM-5催化剂进行生物质气经由二甲醚两步法制备低碳烯烃的实验, 结果表明在SAPO-34上添加2%的Ni不改变其结构, 但降低了酸中心数量, 并生成了较强的酸中心. 添加少量具有稳定酸中心的HZSM-5, 该催化剂的活性提高到3 h以上, 反应进行2 h获得了最高的低碳烯烃选择性为90.8%. 当把该催化剂应用到两步催化转化过程的第二个反应器中, 其高催化活性可达5 h以上. 当以低氢碳比生物质气(H2/CO/CO2/N2/CH4=41.5/26.9/14.2/14.6/2.89)作为原料时,经两步转化,低碳烯烃的收率达到84.6 g/m3syngas. 相似文献
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Quantum molecular dynamics is used to investigate the cracking of a representative hydrocarbon of the paraffin family (n-heptane), analysing the effects of temperature in the fragmentation of n-heptane when this compound is in the gas phase and inside a typical industrial catalyst (zeolite HZSM-5). The hydrocarbon structural and electronic features in the two environments are determined and compared. The results substantiate current views and exhibit the basic aspects in the cracking of n-heptane. 相似文献
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The conversion of methanol to gasoline (MTG) range hydrocarbons on zeolite catalyst HZSM-5 has been studied extensively using solid-state NMR. We have studied the reaction under batch and flow conditions using an isolated flow variable-temperature (VT) MAS NMR probe. This probe was developed to study heterogeneous catalysis reactions in situ at temperatures greater than 300 degrees C with reactant flow. In the batch studies, when 13C-labeled methanol was adsorbed on zeolite HZSM-5, sealed, and heated to 250 degrees C, dimethyl ether was formed. Two-dimensional exchange NMR shows that dimethyl ether was in equilibrium with methanol at 250 degrees C. When 13C-methanol was flowed over HZSM-5 at temperatures > or = 200 degrees C, only dimethyl ether was observed. Between 160 degrees C and 200 degrees C, both methanol and dimethyl ether were observed. The flow results are significant in that they suggest that there is no equilibrium between methanol and dimethyl ether in the catalyst at high temperatures, and that surface methoxy groups do not exist on the catalyst at high temperatures. 相似文献
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《Journal of Electrostatics》2002,54(2):149-158
The combination of catalyst and non-thermal plasmas has led to some unusual chemical behaviors, especially with zeolite catalyst. A mechanism has been proposed to explain the observed interaction between catalyst and non-thermal plasmas. This mechanism includes two aspects: plasma promoted or induced catalysis and catalyst enhanced non-equilibrium of non-thermal plasmas. In this paper, we present some direct experimental evidence for the catalyst (zeolite)-enhanced non-equilibrium of non-thermal plasmas suggesting the use of zeolite increases, significantly, the electron temperature of non-thermal plasmas, while the gas temperature remains unchanged. A floating double-probe characteristic has been utilized to measure the electron temperature. Compared to the case without zeolite, the electron temperature of non-thermal plasmas with Mo-Zn/HZSM-5 increases up to 250%, while, at the same time, the discharge power reduces 58%, compared to that without zeolite. 相似文献
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Niken Taufiqurrahmi Abdul Rahman Mohamed Subhash Bhatia 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2011,13(8):3177-3189
Nanocrystalline zeolites with crystal size smaller than 100 nm are potential replacement for conventional zeolite catalysts
due to their unique characteristics and advantages. In this study, the synthesis of nanocrystalline zeolite Y (FAU) and nanocrystalline
zeolite beta (BEA) under hydrothermal conditions is reported. The effect of crystal size on the physico-chemical characteristics
of the zeolite, Y (FAU), and beta (BEA) is reported. The properties of nanocrystalline zeolites Y and Beta with crystal size
around 50 nm are compared with the microcrystalline zeolite Y and microcrystalline zeolite beta, respectively. The performance
of the nanocrystalline zeolite as a catalyst was investigated in the cracking of used palm oil for the production of biofuel.
The nanocrystalline zeolite catalytic activity was compared with the activity of microcrystalline zeolite in order to study
the effect of crystal size on the catalytic activity. Both nanocrystalline zeolites gave better performance in terms of conversion
of used palm oil as well as selectivity for the formation of gasoline fraction. The increase in surface area and improved
accessibility of the reactant in nanocrystalline zeolites enhanced the cracking activity as well as the desired product selectivity. 相似文献