特征向量法建模与理论

本文从矩阵理论的角度，介绍特征向量法（亦称特征根法）建模过程中所遇到的理论问题     

粗糙面分形计算理论研究进展

为提出一种工程上适用可靠的粗糙面分形维数计算方法,在分形曲线的维数计算方法(码尺法,盒维法)基础上,先后提出了星积分形曲面的维数计算方法、三角形棱柱表面积法、投影覆盖法、立方体覆盖法、改进的立方体覆盖法、分形的增变量描述法等曲面分形维数理论.鉴于上述方法的共有缺陷——获取三维坐标的激光表面仪器的扫描尺度限制,研究者提出了粗糙面图像维数计算理论,包括二值化图像维数、灰度图像维数、RGB图像维数计算理论.最后,本文展望了分形维数计算理论领域内亟待解决的三大问题.     

特征向量法建模与理论

本文从矩阵理论的角度，介绍特征向量法(亦称特征根法)建模过程中所遇到的理论问题。     

线性代数中的摄动法

摄动法源于天体力学研究中解决含有小参数的微分方程组方法，利用一般数域上的多项式理论，避开极限，连续性等基础理论，可将摄动法的思想方法加以改造移植，应用到一般数域上的线性空间理论与矩阵论中，从而获得线性代数中的摄动法。     

稀疏线性方程组的一种新解法及其应用

本方给出了求解稀疏线性方程组的一种新方法,称作松弛求解法。该法是化学方程式的一种新的高效全能配平法的理论基础。     

差商变尺度法的整体收敛性

对于求解无约束最优化问题,变尺度法被公认为是最有效的方法之一,从1971年Powell的开创性工作以来,关于变尺度法收敛性的研究已形成了系统的理论,由于精确导数难以得到,常用差商代替,称为差商变尺度法,对其收敛性理论的研究,尚相当薄弱,本文证明了差商变尺度法的整体收敛性,同时给出了保证收敛的差商步长条件。     

Minimax问题的调节熵函数法

本文提出了求解minimax问题的调节熵函数法,理论分析及数值结果均表明该方法比原熵函数法更优越.     

e~(At)四种计算方法的比较

状态转移矩阵eAt在现代控制理论与工程技术以及常系数微分方程组理论中有着非常重要的应用.通过一个实例,给出计算状态转移矩阵eAt的四种不同的方法:矩阵指数函数展开法,Jordan标准形法,待定系数法,Laplace变换法.笔者论述了各种计算方法的基本步骤及计算的难点与要点,经过分析对比,最后给出最优选择.     

一类四阶微分方程的奇摄动边值问题

运用合成展开法和微分不等式理论研究了一类四阶方程的奇摄动边值问题.先运用合成展开法,构造了问题的形式渐近解,再运用微分不等式理论证明了原问题解的存在性及所得形式渐近解的一致有效性.最后用一个例子来说明所得结果的意义.     

优化算法的复杂度分析

优化算法的收敛性分析是优化中很重要的一个领域,然而收敛性并不足以作为比较不同算法效率的标准,因此需要另外一套衡量优化问题难易程度以及优化算法效率高低的理论,这套理论被称为优化算法的复杂度分析理论.本文共分为5个部分.第1节介绍复杂度分析的背景和理论框架,给出复杂度分析的定义、方法和例子,并总结本文中的复杂度结论.第2节介绍光滑优化问题的复杂度分析,给出不同优化问题的复杂度上界和下界,并给出加速梯度法收敛性分析的框架.第3节介绍非光滑优化问题的复杂度上界,介绍次梯度法、重心法、椭球法和近似点梯度法的复杂度分析.第4节介绍条件梯度法的复杂度分析,介绍条件梯度法的复杂度上界和下界,以及加速条件梯度法的框架.第5节介绍随机优化算法的复杂度分析,比较随机优化算法在凸和非凸问题下收敛的置信水平和复杂度.     

颤振分析中的特征值排序问题

颤振分析中判断颤振临界速度的重要依据是系统V-g和V-f图,即系统特征值随参数的变化曲线.在几乎所有商用软件及自编程序的输出结果中,有时会出现所谓的"窜支"现象,这给颤振临界速度和颤振穿越分支及耦合形式的判断带来很大不便.通过隐函数定理可以证明,除重特征值点以外,系统特征值连续依赖于系统参数变化.依据多元向量值函数连续性,建立对特征值的排列算法,给出系统特征根轨迹的正确曲线,再输出V-g和V-f图数据,从而避免"窜支"现象.编制应用程序,通过几个典型算例对算法进行了验证.该工作能够有效简化颤振分析的后处理工作,提高分析效率.     

On the hyperbolicity of the period-doubling fixed point

We give a new proof of the hyperbolicity of the fixed point for the period-doubling renormalization operator using the local dynamics near a semi-attractive fixed point (in a Banach space) and the theory of holomorphic motions. We also give a new proof of the exponential contraction of the Feigenbaum renormalization operator in the hybrid class of the period-doubling fixed point: our proof uses the non-existence of invariant line fields in the period-doubling tower (C. McMullen), the topological convergence (D. Sullivan), and a new infinitesimal argument.

     

考虑服务和退货的双渠道供应链定价问题研究

在考虑零售服务和消费者退货情况下,运用两阶段优化方法分别探究了集中式和分散式两种双渠道供应链的最优定价策略。研究发现零售服务有助于提高零售商的渠道权力,并始终使制造商获益,但只有当服务水平小于某一临界值时,才使制造商和零售商同时得到帕累托改进。零售价格和直销价格与退货率正相关,而与服务水平的关系受渠道结构的影响。服务水平的提高加剧了供应链的“双重边际化”效应,制造商通过生产与消费者需求相匹配的产品来降低退货风险可以减弱这种效应,从而提高供应链效率。     

树脂基复合材料粘接的优化设计

本文在试验数据和理论分析的基础上,提出树脂基复合材料单搭接的优化设计的原则,胶粘剂的选择、被粘物的设计,粘接长度的选择、胶层厚度的选择等.认为通过优化设计可以提高粘接强度,减轻产品的重量,提高其质量.     

Creep of polymer concrete in the nonlinear region

Two polyester-based polymer concretes with various volume content of diabase as an extender and aggregate are tested in creep under compression at different stress levels. The phenomenological and structural approaches are both used to analyze the experimental data. Common features of changes in the instantaneous and creep compliances are clarified, and a phenomenological creep model which accounts for the changes in the instantaneous compliance and in the retardation spectrum depending on the stress level is developed. It is shown that the model can be used to describe the experimental results of stress relaxation and creep under repeated loading. Modeling of the composite structure and subsequent solution of the optimization problem confirm the possibility of the existence of an interphase layer more compliant than the binder. A direct correlation between the interphase volume content and the instantaneous compliance of the composite is revealed. It is found that the distinction in nonlinearity of the viscoelastic behavior of the two polymer concretes under investigation can be due to the difference in their porosity. Submitted to the 11th International Conference on Mechanics of Composite Materials (Riga, June 11–15, 2000.) Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 147–164, 2000.     

Stress intensity factors for a finite plate with an inclined crack by boundary collocation

In this paper, we combine the Muskhelishvili＇s complex variable method and boundary collocation method, and choose a set of new stress function based on the stress boundary condition of crack surface, the higher precision and less computation are reached. This method is applied to calculating the stress intensity factor for a finite plate with an inclined crack. The influence of θ （the obliquity of crack） on the stress intensity factors, as well as the number of summation terms on the stress intensity factor are studied and graphically represented.     

拍卖机制设计在区块链中的应用与挑战

区块链是新一代信息技术的重要组成部分,是分布式网络、加密技术、智能合约等多种技术集成的新型数据库软件。过去的十多年,区块链技术在全球范围内产生广泛影响。如今的区块链技术,已从最初的关注于解决货币和支付的去中心化问题,转入到解决市场的去中心化问题。智能合约的出现使得基于区块链技术的去中心化金融进入高速发展状态,也涌现出区块链环境下的各类拍卖场景。本文首次从机制设计角度,以区块链交易费机制,非同质化代币(Non-Fungible Token,NFT)拍卖和矿工可提取价值(Miner-Extractable Value,MEV)交易位置拍卖为主要对象,总结和剖析近些年来区块链上特有的拍卖机制;并针对区块链特性,提出区块链上拍卖机制设计所面临的挑战和未来亟待解决的问题。     

Adiabatic divergence of the chaotic layer width and acceleration of chaotic and noise-induced transport

We show that, in spatially periodic Hamiltonian systems driven by a time-periodic coordinate-independent (AC) force, the upper energy of the chaotic layer grows unlimitedly as the frequency of the force goes to zero. This remarkable effect is absent in any other physically significant systems. It gives rise to the divergence of the rate of the spatial chaotic transport. We also generalize this phenomenon for the presence of a weak noise and weak dissipation. We demonstrate for the latter case that the adiabatic AC force may greatly accelerate the spatial diffusion and the reset rate at a given threshold.     

Numerical study on the dynamics of a jet-vortex interaction

The interaction of a vortex and a jet plays an important role for many industrial processes such as carbon black formation or combustion in diesel engines. The knowledge of physics of these phenomena is crucial for engineers, but also for scientists who wish to study this complex flow pattern. In this research, we numerically investigate cases where a cylindrical reactor is charged with gas injected through five ports. The first one is located along the main axis of the cylinder and this leads to the formation of the main jet. The other four ports are situated along the side walls such that the gas entering the cylinder tangentially through them causes a vortex to be formed. The objective of this paper is to show the fundamental physical phenomena and also how the initial and boundary conditions influence the results. It is shown how the process is influenced not only by modifying the velocity of injected gas, but also by the orientation and position of the vortex inlet nozzles.     

一类不确定性非线性系统的状态反馈鲁棒自适应控制器的设计与分析

该文考虑一类具有一般不确定性和部分参数未知的非线性系统（1），设计出一种用于跟踪参考信号的状态反馈鲁棒自适应控制器，此控制器对系统参数和状态的不确定性具有鲁棒性，能保证闭环系 统的全局稳定性，并解决了ε 跟踪问题. 仿真结果表明，所设计的鲁棒自适应控制系统具有良好的跟踪性能， 而且控制量在容许控制的范围之内.