一种基于因素空间理论的群体整体优势的投影评价模型与实证

群体对象的多因素综合评价问题的数学本质是多元数据集合的排序问题,藉此确定群体间的相对优势.本文基于多因素轮廓分析的概念与方法,建立了多元数据集合到一维数据集合无信息损失的非线性投影方法.基于经典集合论,定义了集合的稀疏特征和分布特征,建立了一维数据集合优势关系的比对算法.在比对矩阵的基础上给出了多元数据集合间的排序模型.最后在UCI共享User Knowledge Modeling数据集上,对算法的有效性进行了实证分析.     

基于熵权的模糊物元模型在城市生态安全评价中的应用

在模糊物元分析的基础上,结合熵值法和欧氏贴近度概念,构建用于城市生态安全评价的模糊物元模型,详细介绍了该模型的计算步骤,应用该模型对郑州市的生态安全进行了综合评价,并将评价结果与灰色关联法的评价结果进行了比较.结果表明,建立的模型评价方法简单.评价结果可靠,具有一定的实用性.     

基于管理信息本体需求的云数据库设计

为解决管理信息系统云服务环境下的海量数据存储与利用,充分运用本体理论,概括和归纳各类管理信息的本质共性特征,建立易于人机相互映射理解和计算机大规模、集约化处理的管理信息本体表达体系.同时,按照适用、便捷、低成本等原则,进行云数据库分层架构设计,构建动静态元数据主要标引项,实现其与管理信息本体间的逻辑关系,最终完成基于管理信息本体需求的云服务系统.     

基于物元分析的科技人才考评研究

利用可拓学中的物元分析理论,对科技人才考评问题进行了研究.在分析多种相关因素的基础上,从基本素质、学术素质、业务素质和业绩贡献等方面构建了科技人才考评指标体系.对考评指标实行规范化、科学化、定量化的基础上,建立了科技人才考评的物元分析模型.最后应用结果表明,把物元分析理论应用于科技人才考评是可行的,同时,物元分析拓展科技人才考评的研究途径.     

有序判别分析新算法及其应用

判别分析是用已知分类数据建模对未知分类数据进行判别的方法,所用数据和分类不分顺序。要对有序又有周期数据进行判别分析,就要探索有序判别的新方法。这种方法的分类应当是有序的,并且能够排除事物发展周期性的干扰。本文介绍多元数据有序判别分析新方法的原理、建模流程、应用流程和应用实例。这种判别分析将分类建模与判别归类分开。新方法对多元数据建模时在多类模型中建立滑移的多套子模型,应用时根据应用领域的知识对样本归属作初步预估,然后程序选择相关的子模型进行判别归类。这种方法解决了由于时间序列多元数据周期性造成的样本分类颠倒问题,为时间序列数据的分类和预测开辟了新途径,在实际应用中取得了良好的效果,解决了重大难题。     

基于物元模型的黄河流域水质评价

基于2016年全年中国环保部水质监测数据和地表水环境质量标准,运用物元分析理论,构建黄河流域水环境质量评价的物元模型.对评价标准和水质指标监测值进行归一化处理后,得到模型的经典域,节域,权重系数及关联度.并将评价结果与基于熵权法赋权的模糊综合评价法进行比较,其结果基本一致.结果表明,黄河流域整体水质情况较好,符合黄河流域实际情况.物元模型用于水质评价是合理可行的,且能对各监测断面水质评价结果进行排序,能较全面分析判别评价对象属于某一级别的程度.     

基于模糊物元理论的小康社会指标体系综合评价模型

将熵值理论与模糊物元理论相结合,建立了基于熵权的模糊物元小康社会综合评价模型.利用该模型对江苏省13个城市2007年的小康水平状况进行评价,并与综合分析法的评价结果进行比较,结果显示二者基本上一致.     

基于综合权重的理想模糊物元多属性决策法及应用

研究了属性指标具有不相容性和模糊性及其指标的权重完全未知的模糊多属性决策问题.分析了目前广泛采用的模糊物元分析法以及仅有主观赋权法或客观赋权法确定其指标权重的缺点.根据物元可拓理论和理想解法的思想,定义了理想模糊物元和负理想模糊物元的概念.利用兼顾主观偏好和客观信息的综合权重赋值法,提出了基于综合权重的理想模糊物元多属性决策方法.该法既能充分利用指标本身所包含的客观信息,又能充分发挥决策者的主观能动性.实例研究结果表明该法能反映出决策方案间的细微差别,能对决策方案的优劣做出更准确有效的评价.     

基于可拓物元理论的固井质量评价模型研究

测井信息反映的固井质量由于受到多种因素的干扰存在误判的可能性,因此有必要采用其他固井质量评价方法对测井信息反映的固井质量进行验证.采用可拓物元理论建立了固井质量评价的多指标评价模型,给出了根据可拓物元理论计算胶结指数的方法,通过模型可以对测井信息反映的固井质量进行验证,更为真实有效的反映实际固井质量,避免测井信息受其他因素干扰而产生的固井质量误判事故,同时还可以根据该模型在固井作业之前对主要可控影响因素进行优化来提高固井质量。     

基于改进熵和灰关联分析的模糊物元分析模型及应用

借助改进熵权法对评价指标进行赋权,在灰关联分析和模糊物元分析理论的基础上,建立了改进熵和灰关联分析的模糊物元分析模型,根据灰色关联度的大小对评价对象进行排序,并将其应用到综合评价中,通过实例,说明此模型的合理性.     

trackr: A Framework for Enhancing Discoverability and Reproducibility of Data Visualizations and Other Artifacts in R

Research is an incremental, iterative process, with new results relying and building upon previous ones. Scientists need to find, retrieve, understand, and verify results to confidently extend them, even when the results are their own. We present the trackr framework for organizing, automatically annotating, discovering, and retrieving results. We identify sources of automatically extractable metadata for computational results, and we define an extensible system for organizing, annotating, and searching for results based on these and other metadata. We present an open-source implementation of these concepts for plots, computational artifacts, and woven dynamic reports generated in the R statistical computing language. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.     

Empirical reconstruction of learning progressions based on teachers’ tagging of didactic metadata

In their enactment of the curriculum, teachers have a substantial role as instructional designers. Accordingly, any evaluation of the progression of students’ learning should first be concerned with the pedagogical intentions of the teacher. In this article we present a method for reconstructing teachers’ implicit and tacit considerations in their selection, sequencing and enactment of tasks. Two 11^th grade teachers tagged all of the tasks that comprised a 5-week learning progression. Tagging consisted of assigning values to prescribed categories of metadata. Visual representations of the metadata revealed patterns in the tagged progressions, and allowed the teachers to reflect upon these patterns. Both teachers, though guided by very different didactical considerations, validated that many of their explicit and implicit intentions were revealed in the representations of the progressions. Furthermore, both teachers had the opportunity to reflect on tacit aspects of their instructional design that they were not previously aware of.     

Envisioning uncertainty in geospatial information

Geospatial reasoning has been an essential aspect of military planning since the invention of cartography. Although maps have always been a focal point for developing situational awareness, the dawning era of network-centric operations brings the promise of unprecedented battlefield advantage due to improved geospatial situational awareness. Geographic information systems (GIS) and GIS-based decision support systems are ubiquitous within current military forces, as well as civil and humanitarian organizations. Understanding the quality of geospatial data is essential to using it intelligently. A systematic approach to data quality requires: estimating and describing the quality of data as they are collected; recording the data quality as metadata; propagating uncertainty through models for data processing; exploiting uncertainty appropriately in decision support tools; and communicating to the user the uncertainty in the final product. There are shortcomings in the state-of-the-practice in GIS applications in dealing with uncertainty. No single point solution can fully address the problem. Rather, a system-wide approach is necessary. Bayesian reasoning provides a principled and coherent framework for representing knowledge about data quality, drawing inferences from data of varying quality, and assessing the impact of data quality on modeled effects. Use of a Bayesian approach also drives a requirement for appropriate probabilistic information in geospatial data quality metadata. This paper describes our research on data quality for military applications of geospatial reasoning, and describes model views appropriate for model builders, analysts, and end users.     

基于分层序列的移动电子商务推荐系统策略研究

移动互联网环境下,移动电子商务快速发展,移动推荐系统成为解决移动信息过载的主要技术和手段.移动电子商务推荐系统中用户策略选择是一个典型的多目标决策问题,目标之间也存在一定的矛盾.基于移动推荐系统的这种特征,借助分层序列法算法的思想,通过元数据的标准化处理,结合移动电子商务中的位置上下文信息获取推荐数据,得到满足用户多目标需求的推荐结果.方法的提出为移动电子商务推荐系统的研究提出了一种新的推荐策略.     

Iterative Denoising

One problem in many fields is knowledge discovery in heterogeneous, high-dimensional data. As an example, in text mining an analyst often wishes to identify meaningful, implicit, and previously unknown information in an unstructured corpus. Lack of metadata and the complexities of document space make this task difficult. We describe Iterative Denoising, a methodology for knowledge discovery in large heterogeneous datasets that allows a user to visualize and to discover potentially meaningful relationships and structures. In addition, we demonstrate the features of this methodology in the analysis of a heterogeneous Science News corpus.     

A profile of OR research and practice published in the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Journal of the Operational Research Society</Emphasis>

In this paper we reflect on the last 10 years of the Journal of the Operational Research Society (JORS). We use metadata and citation analysis to profile OR research and practice published in this prestigious journal. The analysis of the published material includes examining variables such as the most productive authors, the papers having the highest number of citations, the universities and organisations associated with the most publications and their geographic diversity, OR techniques and their application areas, the number of authors per paper, the background of the authors, etc. Moreover, this work includes variables from a previously published study of JORS that profiled research from 1981 to 1999. Therefore, the analysis allows a comparison to be conducted between some of the findings of the two studies. This research has implications for researchers, journal editors and research institutions.     

服务管理差距与服务质量差距之间关系模型的研究

在服务质量差距分析模型的基础上,基于服务管理差距和服务质量差距测评体系,运用结构方程建模方法,建立了企业内部服务管理差距与顾客感知服务质量差距之间的关系路径图和关系模型,定量研究了四个服务管理差距对服务质量差距的影响关系、服务管理差距测评指标对相应的四个服务管理差距的影响关系,为顾客感知服务质量差距的测量和评价提供了技术和方法.结合某外语培训学校服务管理实际进行了案例研究,为企业服务质量的诊断和改进提供了科学依据.     

中国邮递员问题50年

首先介绍一般邮递员问题, 涉及费用、服务侧、衔接费用、次序等要素. 然后简要综述过去50年来中国邮递员问题、有向图上中国邮递员问题、带风向的邮递员问题、混合图上邮递员问题以及乡村邮递员问题等一般邮递员问题的特殊情况的研究进展, 突出问题的线性规划描述及相应的组合多面体结构, 着重讨论问题的模型、精确算法及其时间复杂度、NP-困难情形下的近似算法及其性能比.