Cauchy凝聚判别法的推广

将Cauchy凝聚判别法进行推广,得到正项级数一个新的判别法.该判别法包含了若干已有的结论,同时也产生了一些新的结论.实例说明了这些结论的有效性.     

一个特殊矩阵n次幂的推广

对一类特殊矩阵n次幂进行推广,可得到一般性结论.而该结论能用数学归纳法证明.当λ=1时的结论是其特例.     

数学开放性问题解法例谈

数学开放性问题指那些条件不完备,结论不确定的数学问题.此类习题重在开发思维,促进创新,提高数学素养.主要有条件开放题,结论开放题,组合开放题和策略开放题等,本文就这类问题的一些常用的解题方法举例介绍.1 条件开放性问题条件开放题是指命题的条件是不确定的,但结论唯一,要证得结论,题设所给的条件不够,这就需要根据给出的结论,分析探索使结论成立应具备的条件,不过满足结论的条件有,但往往不唯一.     

"蝴蝶"型两个结论的应用

如图1的图形称之为"蝴蝶"型,下面就"蝴蝶"型的两个结论谈两类应用. 1 一般"蝴蝶"求角度 结论1 如图1,如果AD, BC相交于点O,那么∠A+∠B=∠C+∠D. 此结论可称之为"蝴蝶"型的角度和相等.构造满足此结论的图形.可将复杂图形求角度的问题转化为特殊图形角度和.     

类比推理的难因分析及教学策略

1引言类比推理与归纳推理都属于合情推理,是新课程新增内容之一.这一内容的增加,旨在引导学生运用常用的推理方法去猜测、探索一些数学结论,有利于创新意识的培养.类比推理的关键在于理解类比的方法,感受数学发现的过程,而不必追求对概念的抽象表述或类比结论的正确性.首先是要有联想,能类比.因为类比推理不是证明,不要求类比结论一定正确,结论错误当属正常.教学重点不是获得正确的结论,而是能使学生会产生联想,主动进行类比,这是第一位的.当然,我们往     

综合处理专家意见的MABM方法

本文以不确定性信息处理的数学理论为基础.给出了多智能体系统(MAS)不确定性结论合成的一般方法.即MABM方法,使合成结论的可信性具有理论论据.     

对两道“根的分布”试题的深入探究

根的分布题型,是高考数学的重点与难点.而二次方程根的分布是根的分布题型的主干,其结论繁多,通过牢记结论在解题时套用结论的做法未必可取,不是好的做法.其实二次方程     

集值映射空间在紧开拓扑下的N性质(英文)

本文研究了点紧连续集值映射族在紧开拓扑下的N性质.利用cs-σ网方法获得了如下结果:若X是N0空间,Y是N空间,则C_k(X,Y)是N空间.该结论将J.A.Guthrie关于单值连续映射空间的结论推广到了集值映射空间上,并且改进了相关结论.     

加权和线性过程的渐近正态性

本文建立了α-混合序列情形的加权和平稳线性过程的渐近正态性.获得的结论基于最少的权条件.所得结论将Abadir等[Econometric Theory,2014,30(1):252-284]中的结论推广至α-混合序列情形.     

关于Pareto极值问题

[1]中研究了Pareto极值问题.[3]中部分地改进了[2]中的结果.本文给出Pareto极值存在的一个一般结论,这一结论包含了[2][3]中的有关结论作为特殊情况.利用弱拓扑还讨论了强-Pareto极值的存在性,从而在比[2][3]有关定理更弱的条件下,获得了更强的结论.     

Zero-dimensional subschemes of ruled varieties

Here we study zero-dimensional subschemes of ruled varieties, mainly Hirzebruch surfaces and rational normal scrolls, by applying the Horace method and the Terracini method This research is part of the T.A.S.C.A. project of I.N.d.A.M., supported by P.A.T. (Trento) and M.I.U.R. (Italy)     

Comments on generalized Heron polynomials and Robbins’ conjectures

Heron’s formula for a triangle gives a polynomial for the square of its area in terms of the lengths of its three sides. There is a very similar formula, due to Brahmagupta, for the area of a cyclic quadrilateral in terms of the lengths of its four sides. (A polygon is cyclic if its vertices lie on a circle.) In both cases if A is the area of the polygon, (4A)² is a polynomial function of the square in the lengths of its edges. David Robbins in [D.P. Robbins, Areas of polygons inscribed in a circle, Discrete Comput. Geom. 12 (2) (1994) 223-236. MR 95g:51027; David P. Robbins, Areas of polygons inscribed in a circle, Amer. Math. Monthly 102 (6) (1995) 523-530. MR 96k:51024] showed that for any cyclic polygon with n edges, (4A)² satisfies a polynomial whose coefficients are themselves polynomials in the edge lengths, and he calculated this polynomial for n=5 and n=6. He conjectured the degree of this polynomial for all n, and recently Igor Pak and Maksym Fedorchuk [Maksym Fedorchuk, Igor Pak, Rigidity and polynomial invariants of convex polytopes, Duke Math. J. 129 (2) (2005) 371-404. MR 2006f:52015] have shown that this conjecture of Robbins is true. Robbins also conjectured that his polynomial is monic, and that was shown in [V.V. Varfolomeev, Inscribed polygons and Heron polynomials (Russian. Russian summary), Mat. Sb. 194 (3) (2003) 3-24. MR 2004d:51014]. A short independent proof will be shown here.     

Transverse compression of PPTA fibers

Results of single transverse compression testing of PPTA and PIPD fibers, using a novel test device, are presented and discussed. In the tests, short lengths of single fibers are compressed between two parallel, stiff platens. The fiber elastic deformation is analyzed as a Hertzian contact problem. The inelastic deformation is analyzed by elastic-plastic FE simulation and by laser-scanning confocal microscopy of the compressed fibers ex post facto. The results obtained are compared to those in the literature and to the theoretical predictions of PPTA fiber transverse elasticity based on PPTA crystal elasticity.Presented at the 11th International Conference on Mechanics of Composite Materials (Riga, June 11–15, 2000).3TEX, Inc. 109, MacKenan Drive, Cary, North Carolina 27511, USA. Published in Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 533–544, March–April, 2000.     

Effectivity functions and simple games

The rather new notion of effectivity function is related to the notion of simple game. Every effectivity function is associated with a simple game. So theory about simple games may be applicable to effectivity functions. E.g. if the effectivity function is additive, then the associated simple game is weighted. Via a characterization of weighted simple games it is possible to characterize maximal additive effectivity functions.Finally we characterize additive effectivity functions and their associated simple games.I thank G.J. Otten for useful comments and stimulating conversations.     

Iterated function systems, Ruelle operators, and invariant projective measures

We introduce a Fourier-based harmonic analysis for a class of discrete dynamical systems which arise from Iterated Function Systems. Our starting point is the following pair of special features of these systems. (1) We assume that a measurable space comes with a finite-to-one endomorphism which is onto but not one-to-one. (2) In the case of affine Iterated Function Systems (IFSs) in , this harmonic analysis arises naturally as a spectral duality defined from a given pair of finite subsets in of the same cardinality which generate complex Hadamard matrices.

Our harmonic analysis for these iterated function systems (IFS) is based on a Markov process on certain paths. The probabilities are determined by a weight function on . From we define a transition operator acting on functions on , and a corresponding class of continuous -harmonic functions. The properties of the functions in are analyzed, and they determine the spectral theory of . For affine IFSs we establish orthogonal bases in . These bases are generated by paths with infinite repetition of finite words. We use this in the last section to analyze tiles in .

     

Dynamic assessment of reinforced concrete beams repaired with externally bonded FRP sheets

This research deals with RC beams strengthened with FRP. An experimental research is presented which is aimed at evaluating the capability of an experimental modal analysis to assess the stiffness decrease due to damage, as well as the stiffness recovery due to strengthening. Ten beams were tested. All of them were subjected to loading cycles with increasing load levels in order to induce cracking of different severity in them. The beams were then retrofitted by externally bonded FRP sheets. Three types of composites were used. The number of layers was varied, too. Modal tests were carried out after each loading-unloading cycle. The modal frequencies and damping ratios were determined for the first four vibration modes. The results obtained indicate that an experimental modal analysis can give useful information on the severity of damage and the effectiveness of strengthening. Russian translation published in Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp. 3–20, January–February, 2006.     

Imbeddings of free actions on handlebodies

Fix a free, orientation-preserving action of a finite group on a -dimensional handlebody . Whenever acts freely preserving orientation on a connected -manifold , there is a -equivariant imbedding of into . There are choices of closed and Seifert-fibered for which the image of is a handlebody of a Heegaard splitting of . Provided that the genus of is at least , there are similar choices with closed and hyperbolic.

     

Generalization of the interaction between Haar approximation and polynomial operators to higher order methods

In applications it is useful to compute the local average empirical statistics on u. A very simple relation exists when of a function f（u） of an input u from the local averages are given by a Haar approximation. The question is to know if it holds for higher order approximation methods. To do so, it is necessary to use approximate product operators defined over linear approximation spaces. These products are characterized by a Strang and Fix like condition. An explicit construction of these product operators is exhibited for piecewise polynomial functions, using Hermite interpolation. The averaging relation which holds for the Haar approximation is then recovered when the product is defined by a two point Hermite interpolation.     

Exact solutions of multi-component nonlinear Schrödinger and Klein–Gordon equations

Applying the sec_q−tanh_q-method [Phys. Lett. A 298 (2002) 253], we find a class of exact solution of multi-component nonlinear Schrödinger and Klein–Gordon equations and generalize the correspond results in [Phys. Lett. A 298 (2002) 253] and [J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 34 (2001) 4281].     

A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of an exponential attractor

We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of an exponential attractor. The condition is formulated in the context of metric spaces. It also captures the quantitative properties of the attractor, i.e., the dimension and the rate of attraction. As an application, we show that the evolution operator for the wave equation with nonlinear damping has an exponential attractor.