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1.
Vladimir G. Troitsky 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2000,128(2):521-525
We show that the celebrated Lomonosov theorem cannot be improved by increasing the number of commuting operators. Specifically, we prove that if is the operator without a non-trivial closed invariant subspace constructed by C. J. Read, then there are three operators , and (non-multiples of the identity) such that commutes with , commutes with , commutes with , and is compact. It is also shown that the commutant of contains only series of .
2.
Paolo Lipparini 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2000,128(2):605-609
We prove the following: Theorem A. If is a -regular ultrafilter, then either
- (a)
- is -regular, or
- (b)
- the cofinality of the linear order is , and is -regular for all .
3.
Michael Levin 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2000,128(2):623-624
In this note we simplify the proof of some properties of Kulesza's metric space with ind and Ind.
4.
Horst Alzer 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2000,128(1):141-147
We prove the following two theorems:
(i) Let be the th power mean of and . The inequality
holds for all if and only if , where denotes Euler's constant. This refines results established by W. Gautschi (1974) and the author (1997).
(ii) The inequalities
are valid for all if and only if and , while holds for all if and only if and . These bounds for improve those given by G. D. Anderson an S.-L. Qiu (1997).
5.
Nobuhiko Fujii Akihiro Nakamura Ray Redheffer 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》1999,127(6):1815-1818
For let be complex numbers such that is bounded. For define , where . Then the excesses in the sense of Paley and Wiener satisfy .
6.
Paola Cellini 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2000,128(6):1633-1639
Let be a Coxeter system with set of reflections . It is known that if is a total reflection order for , then, for each , and its complement are stable under conjugation by . Moreover the upper and lower -conjugates of are still total reflection orders. For any total order on , say that is stable if is stable under conjugation by for each . We prove that if and all orders obtained from by successive lower or upper -conjugations are stable, then is a total reflection order.
7.
Myoungho Moon 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2000,128(7):1885-1892
Let be either a free product with amalgamation or an HNN group where is isomorphic to a free abelian group of finite rank. Suppose that both and have no nontrivial, finitely generated, normal subgroups of infinite indices. We show that if contains a finitely generated normal subgroup which is neither contained in nor free, then the index of in is finite. Further, as an application of this result, we show that the fundamental group of a torus sum of -manifolds and , the interiors of which admit hyperbolic structures, have no nontrivial, finitely generated, nonfree, normal subgroup of infinite index if each of and has at least one nontorus boundary.
8.
Jin-Hong Kim 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2000,128(3):865-871
In this article we show that when the structure group of the reducible principal bundle is and is an -subbundle of , the rank of the holonomy group of a connection which is gauge equivalent to its conjugate connection is less than or equal to , and use the estimate to show that for all odd prime , if the holonomy group of the irreducible connection as above is simple and is not isomorphic to , , or , then it is isomorphic to .
9.
Sy D. Friedman 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》1999,127(12):3707-3709
We use ``iterated square sequences' to show that there is an -definable partition such that if is an inner model not containing :
- (a)
- For some is stationary.
- (b)
- For each there is a generic extension of in which does not exist and is non-stationary.
10.
Konrad J. Swanepoel 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》1999,127(7):2155-2162
A hollow axis-aligned box is the boundary of the cartesian product of compact intervals in . We show that for , if any of a collection of hollow axis-aligned boxes have non-empty intersection, then the whole collection has non-empty intersection; and if any of a collection of hollow axis-aligned rectangles in have non-empty intersection, then the whole collection has non-empty intersection. The values for and for are the best possible in general. We also characterize the collections of hollow boxes which would be counterexamples if were lowered to , and to , respectively.
11.
Tomoaki Ono 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2000,128(2):353-360
Let be a tower of rings of characteristic . Suppose that is a finitely presented -module. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of -bases of over . Next, let be a polynomial ring where is a perfect field of characteristic , and let be a regular noetherian subring of containing such that . Suppose that is a free -module. Then, applying the above result to a tower of rings, we shall show that a polynomial of minimal degree in is a -basis of over .
12.
Ferenc Weisz 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2000,128(8):2337-2345
The -dimensional dyadic martingale Hardy spaces are introduced and it is proved that the maximal operator of the means of a Walsh-Fourier series is bounded from to and is of weak type , provided that the supremum in the maximal operator is taken over a positive cone. As a consequence we obtain that the means of a function converge a.e. to the function in question. Moreover, we prove that the means are uniformly bounded on whenever . Thus, in case , the means converge to in norm. The same results are proved for the conjugate means, too.
13.
Alexandre Eremenko 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2000,128(2):557-560
Bloch's Theorem is extended to -quasiregular maps , where is the standard -dimensional sphere. An example shows that Bloch's constant actually depends on for .
14.
David Boyd 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2000,128(3):803-812
We show that if the Julia set of a rational function is invariant under translation by one and infinity is a periodic or preperiodic point for , then must either be a line or the Riemann sphere.
15.
Open covers and partition relations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marion Scheepers 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》1999,127(2):577-581
An open cover of a topological space is said to be an -cover if there is for each finite subset of the space a member of the cover which contains the finite set, but the space itself is not a member of the cover. We prove theorems which imply that a set of real numbers has Rothberger's property if, and only if, for each positive integer , for each -cover of , and for each function from the two-element subsets of , there is a subset of such that is constant on , and each element of belongs to infinitely many elements of (Theorem 1). A similar characterization is given of Menger's property for sets of real numbers (Theorem 6).
16.
A generalization of Kwack's theorem to the infinite dimensional case is obtained. We consider a holomorphic map from into , where is a hypersurface in a complex Banach manifold and is a hyperbolic Banach space. Under various assumptions on , and we show that can be extended to a holomorphic map from into . Moreover, it is proved that an increasing union of pseudoconvex domains containing no complex lines has the Hartogs extension property.
17.
Novica Blazic Neda Bokan Zoran Rakic 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2000,128(1):245-253
Let be a Riemannian manifold with the Jacobi operator, which has constant eigenvalues, independent on the unit vector and the point . Osserman conjectured that these manifolds are flat or rank-one locally symmetric spaces (). It is known that for a general pseudo-Riemannian manifold, the Osserman-type conjecture is not true and 4-dimensional Kleinian Jordan-Osserman manifolds are curvature homogeneous. We show that the length of the first covariant derivative of the curvature tensor is isotropic, i.e. . For known examples of 4-dimensional Osserman manifolds of signature we check also that . By the presentation of a class of examples we show that curvature homogeneity and do not imply local homogeneity; in contrast to the situation in the Riemannian geometry, where it is unknown if the Osserman condition implies local homogeneity.
18.
Let be a prime number and let be the group of all invertible matrices over the prime field . It is known that every irreducible -module can occur as a submodule of , the polynomial algebra with variables over . Given an irreducible -module , the purpose of this paper is to find out the first value of the degree of which occurs as a submodule of , the subset of consisting of homogeneous polynomials of degree . This generalizes Schwartz-Tri's result to the case of any prime .
19.
Twin solutions to singular boundary value problems 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Ravi P. Agarwal Donal O'Regan 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2000,128(7):2085-2094
In this paper we establish the existence of two nonnegative solutions to singular and singular focal boundary value problems. Our nonlinearity may be singular at , and/or .
20.
Erkki Laitinen Krzysztof Pawalowski 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》1999,127(1):297-307
Using smooth one-fixed-point actions on spheres and a result due to Bob Oliver on the tangent representations at fixed points for smooth group actions on disks, we obtain a similar result for perfect group actions on spheres. For a finite group , we compute a certain subgroup of the representation ring . This allows us to prove that a finite perfect group has a smooth -proper action on a sphere with isolated fixed points at which the tangent representations of are mutually nonisomorphic if and only if contains two or more real conjugacy classes of elements not of prime power order. Moreover, by reducing group theoretical computations to number theory, for an integer and primes , we prove similar results for the group , , or . In particular, has Smith equivalent representations that are not isomorphic if and only if , , .